An outbreak of serotype-1 sequence type 306 invasive pneumococcal disease in an Australian Indigenous population.

Between 2010 and 2013, an outbreak of serotype-1 sequence type 306 (ST306) invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) occurred primarily in remote locations of Northern and Central Australia. This is a descriptive study of the epidemiology of the outbreak using nationwide IPD surveillance data, supplemented with more detailed data held by affected jurisdictions, and of the response to the outbreak, including vaccination strategies. In the year the outbreak peaked (2011), serotype-1 IPD incidence was over 30-fold higher in the affected regions than in the rest of Australia (incidence rate ratio: 30.