Real-world effectiveness of original BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 against symptomatic Omicron infection among children 5-11 years of age in Brazil: A prospective test-negative design study.

Objective: To estimate original wild-type BNT162b2 effectiveness against symptomatic Omicron infection among children 5-11 years of age.

Methods: This prospective test-negative, case-control study was conducted in Toledo, southern Brazil, from June 2022 to July 2023. Patients were included if they were aged 5-11 years, sought care for acute respiratory symptoms in the public health system, and were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Overview of the Last 71 Years of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Content Analysis and Meta-analysis to Investigate the Topic and Scientific Evolution.

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and bariatric surgery has become increasingly popular due to its effectiveness in treating it. Therefore, understanding this area is of paramount importance. This article aims to provide an understanding of the development of the topic related to procedures, content, data, and status.

Effects of processing technologies on the antioxidant properties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris) proteins and their hydrolysates.

The effects of ultrasound (280 W, 5 min), heat treatment (75 °C and 90 °C for 10 min) and microfluidization (125 MPa, 4 cycles) as pre or post treatments and their combination with enzymatic hydrolysis on the antioxidant properties of common bean and lentil protein hydrolysates were investigated. In general, hydrolysis resulted in increases of antioxidant activity, both in the presence and absence of processing technologies. The increases reached maximum values of 158% (ABTS), 105% (DPPH), 279% (FRAP) and 107% (TAC) for the bean protein hydrolysates submitted to post-treatment with ultrasound (ABTS, FRAP and TAC) and pre-treatment with microfluidization (DPPH), compared to their respective controls (untreated samples).

Assessment of the developmental defects of the enamel in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: A comparative study.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most important hemoglobinopathy in terms of frequency and social impact and can affect the stomatognathic system.

Aim: To assess and compare the developmental defects of the enamel (DDE) in children and adolescents with and without SCD.

Design: This was a cross-sectional, analytical, and comparative study of 210 children and adolescents aged 5-18 years, who visited the Hematology and Hemotherapy Hospital of Pernambuco.

Occlusal Disorders in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: Critical Literature Review.

Objective: To identify the association of occlusal disorders in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Study Design: A literature review was conducted, and articles published between 2010 and 2019 were searched on Bireme and PubMed websites and in MEDLINE and LILACS databases, in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, using the keywords "malocclusion," "sickle cell disease," and "cephalometry," combined by Boolean operators AND and OR. One of the criteria for the selection of articles was the presence of adolescents in the sample.

Prevalence of metabolic disturbances among women with polycystic ovary syndrome in different regions of Brazil.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of metabolic disturbances in a large cohort of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in southeastern Brazil and to compare the findings with other cohorts of Brazilian women with PCOS.

Methods: A retrospective study analyzing clinical and laboratory data of 462 women with PCOS treated at an outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital in southeastern Brazil. Prevalence of insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, central obesity, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome was compared to that of other cohorts of age and body mass index-matched Brazilian women with PCOS.

Evaluation of cytotoxicity and wound healing activity of Avicennia schaueriana in cream.

Avicennia schaueriana is found in Brazilian mangrove coast. The cytotoxicity in vitro of the Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Avicennia schaueriana (AELAs) and the healing activity of the plant in cream on mice skin wounds were evaluated in this study. The cytotoxic evaluation was performed on Vero cells.

Enamel defects and tooth eruption disturbances in children with sickle cell anemia.

Sickle cell anemia, a genetic disease caused by a mutation in the beta-globin gene, can present oral manifestations such as delayed tooth eruption and hypomineralized enamel and dentin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) and delayed tooth eruption in children with sickle cell anemia. The sample comprised 56 male and female children with sickle cell anemia aged 6 to 12 years and treated at the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Pernambuco, Brazil.

The use of medicinal plants and the role of faith in family care.

Objective: To understand the use of medicinal plants and the role of faith in the family care system.

Method: The adopted methodology is qualitative research, conducted in April and July 2015, in a municipality of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Brazil, with three informants who have knowledge of the healthcare practices. The data were interpreted using interpretive anthropology.

Pretreatment with pentoxifylline attenuates lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats.

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of pentoxifylline against the lung injury observed after intestinal ischemia (I) followed by a period of reperfusion (R).

Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were equally divided into 4 experimental groups and operated under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. (1) Sham: falsely-operated animals; (2) SS+IR: intestinal ischemia was accomplished by clipping the superior mesenteric artery during 60 minutes, with an administration of a standard volume of saline solution (SS) 5 min before the end of the ischemia period; the clip was then releases or a 120-min period of reperfusion; (3) I+PTX+R: ischemia as above, PTX was administered (25 mg/kg) and the gut reperfused as above; (4) PTX+I+PTX+R: Five minutes before arterial occlusion PTX was administered; the superior mesenteric artery was then clipped for 60 minutes.

[Pattern of drug consumption without medical prescription in the city of Porto Alegre, RS].

Self-medication is a very common practice not only in Brazil but also in other countries. It is defined as medication of oneself without medical advice, the patient himself deciding which drug to use. The overall objective of this study is to describe the pattern of drug consumption without medical prescription in the city of Porto Alegre between January and February 2007.