Clinicians' use of the structured professional judgement approach for adult secure psychiatric service admission assessments: A systematic review.

The structured professional judgement (SPJ) approach was initially developed to support risk assessment and management decisions. The approach is now being adapted and applied to admission assessments for adult secure services. This systematic review aims to summarise the evidence for the effectiveness and acceptability of the SPJ approach in admission assessments of this kind.

Creating a best practice template for participant communication plans in global health clinical studies.

Background: Clinical trial participants have a right to be informed throughout the entire process of human subject research. As part of this pillar of research ethics, participants and other stakeholders should be made aware of research findings after a trial has been completed. Though participants have both a right, and a desire to be informed of research outcomes, studies show that they rarely receive communication about study findings.

Personal recovery and its challenges in forensic mental health: systematic review and thematic synthesis of the qualitative literature.

Background: There has been a call for a framework to guide recovery-oriented practices in forensic mental health services.

Aims: This study aims to examine personal recovery and its challenges in forensic mental health settings in relation to the established framework for personal recovery in mental illness: connectedness, hope, identity, meaning and empowerment (CHIME).

Method: This study is an updated and expanded systematic review and thematic synthesis of the qualitative literature.

Evaluating the Test Validity of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality Symptom Rating Sale (CAPP SRS).

The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality Symptom Rating Scale (CAPP SRS) is a relatively new measure of psychopathic personality disorder (PPD) based on the CAPP concept map of psychopathy. To investigate the CAPP SRS, we identified the most plausible formal test structure for the test using the framework proposed by Slaney and Maraun, identified an appropriate quantitative characterization of that test structure, and then statistically evaluated it based on analysis of CAPP SRS data collected from a multisite sample of 314 adult male correctional offenders and secure hospital patients in Scotland and England. Overall, the CAPP SRS survived falsification when observed test data were compared to expectations based on the unidimensional monotone latent variable or UMLV model of Holland and Rosenbaum.

Relational interventions for organizational learning: An experience report.

Introduction: Quality improvement and implementation science practitioners identify relational issues as important obstacles to success. Relational interventions may be important for successful performance improvement and fostering Learning Health Systems.

Methods: This case report describes the experience and lessons learned from implementing a relational approach to organizational change, informed by Relational Coordination Theory, in a health system.

Impact of relational coordination on staff and patient outcomes in outpatient surgical clinics.

Background: Pressures are increasing for clinicians to provide high-quality, efficient care, leading to increased concerns about staff burnout.

Purpose: This study asks whether staff well-being can be achieved in ways that are also beneficial for the patient's experience of care. It explores whether relational coordination can contribute to both staff well-being and patient satisfaction in outpatient surgical clinics where time constraints paired with high needs for information transfer increase both the need for and the challenge of achieving timely and accurate communication.

Operationalizing the assessment and management of violence risk in the short-term.

Assessing risk of violence in the short term is crucial for managing and preventing violence, especially in institutions such as psychiatric units and prisons. Despite a lack of consensus on the definition of "short term", a number of recent tools and guidelines have been developed to aid short-term clinical decision-making. Whereas the supporting evidence for the new tools is impressive, limitations remain in terms of the focus on prediction, limited consideration of strengths, and poor integration with formulation and risk management.

The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP): content validation using prototypical analysis.

The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP; Cooke, Hart, Logan, & Michie, 2004) is a new personality-based model and clinical assessment of psychopathy. This study was the first to examine the content validity of the English-language CAPP. Content validation is a crucial part of the development and refinement of any new instrument.

Milestones to recovery: preliminary validation of a framework to promote recovery and map progress through the medium secure inpatient pathway.

Background: Forensic mental health care in the UK has undergone a rapid expansion since the late 1990s. In medium secure units (MSUs), there is growing emphasis on developing care pathways without much theoretical underpinning. We developed a concept of 'Milestones to Recovery' (MTR) to measure progress through the MSU pathway.

Personality disorder and violence: making the link through risk formulation.

The extant research demonstrates that the combination of personality disorder and violence implies severe dysfunction, poor responsivity to treatment, more serious and persistent violence, and higher recidivism rates. Thus, it comes as no surprise that personality disorder is included in many of the available guidelines for assessing and managing violence. Unsurprisingly, the combination of personality pathology and violence frequently presents the greatest challenge to services, even those in whom violence risk assessment and management practice is established and routine.

Mental disorder in violent women in secure settings: potential relevance to risk for future violence.

The relevance to women of common violence risk factors identified in men has in many instances yet to be established. Consequently, there is a reluctance to accept without question the application to women of practices relating to violence risk assessment and management developed from research into men. This study examines mental disorder in women who are violent in order comment on its relevance to the practice of violence risk assessment and management.

Identifying psychopathic subtypes: combining an empirical personality classification of offenders with the psychopathy checklist-revised.

Mentally disordered offenders who were psychopathic according to the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) were divided into primary psychopath, secondary psychopath, controlled, and inhibited groups on the basis of a validated empirical classification, using the Antisocial Personality Questionnaire (APQ). They were compared on the factors and facets of the PCL-R, criminal history, Axis I and Axis II psychopathology, experience of child abuse, personality, interpersonal style, and clinical ratings of risk and treatability, to determine the utility of the APQ classification in identifying subtypes of psychopath. Significant differences between APQ primary and secondary psychopaths on several measures support the identification of these groups with the primary and secondary psychopaths hypothesized by Karpman (1948) and others.

Assessing interpersonal aspects of schizoid personality disorder: preliminary validation studies.

In 2 studies, we examined the reliability and validity of an interpersonal measure of schizoid personality disorder (SZPD) based on nonverbal behaviors and interpersonal interactions occurring during interviews. A total of 556 male jail inmates in the United States participated in Study 1; 175 mentally disordered offenders in maximum security hospitals in the United Kingdom participated in Study 2. Across both samples, scores on the Interpersonal Measure of Schizoid Personality Disorder (IM-SZ) exhibited adequate reliability and patterns of correlations with other measures consistent with expectations.

The Violence Risk Scale Second Edition (VRS-2) as a predictor of institutional violence in a British forensic inpatient sample.

This study examined the utility of The Violence Risk Scale 2nd Edition (VRS-2) [Wong, S., Gordon, A., 1999.

Higher-order dimensions of personality disorder: hierarchical structure and relationships with the five-factor model, the interpersonal circle, and psychopathy.

Two studies examined the higher-order factor structure of DSM-IV personality disorders using the International Personality Disorder Examination in male forensic psychiatric patients. In Study 1 (N = 168), exploratory factor analysis at the level of individual personality disorder criteria indicated nine primary factors. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of these first-order factors supported a hierarchical structure in which two of three second-order factors covaried to yield a third-order factor.

Convergent and discriminative validity of interview and questionnaire measures of personality disorder in mentally disordered offenders: a multitrait-multimethod analysis using confirmatory factor analysis.

Measures of personality disorder from the International Personality Disorder Examination, Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire, and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II) were obtained from detained male mentally disordered offenders (N = 156), and convergent and discriminant validity were examined by confirmatory factor analysis of the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Hierarchical comparisons of models varying in their specification of trait and method variance established the appropriateness of a model supporting both convergence and discrimination across methods, but these were variable across constructs and measures. Convergence was good for avoidant, schizoid, and antisocial disorders, but poor for histrionic, narcissistic, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.