The impact of time-restricted eating on beta-cell function in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized cross-over trial.

Objective: Time-restricted eating (TRE) which consists of restricting the eating window to typically 4-8h (while fasting for the remaining hours of the day) has been proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy with cardio-metabolic benefits but little is known about its metabolic impact in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We evaluated whether TRE can improve pancreatic beta-cell function and metabolic status in overweight individuals with early T2DM.

Research Design And Methods: In a randomized cross-over trial, 39 participants [mean 2.

Laughter as medicine: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies evaluating the impact of spontaneous laughter on cortisol levels.

Objectives: Laughter as an expression of humor has been recognized as good medicine for centuries. The health benefits of humor-induced well-being remain unclear and thus we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies to evaluate the impact of spontaneous laughter on stress response as measured by cortisol levels.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Thyroid ultrasound features and risk of carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Thyroid nodules are a common finding in the general population, and their detection is increasing with the widespread use of ultrasound (US). Thyroid cancer is found in 5-15% of cases depending on sex, age, and exposure to other risk factors. Some US parameters have been associated with increased risk of malignancy.

Emerging parameters of the insulin and glucose response on the oral glucose tolerance test: reproducibility and implications for glucose homeostasis in individuals with and without diabetes.

Aims: Recent studies have suggested that novel parameters of the insulin and glucose response on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) can provide metabolic insight beyond glucose tolerance, but have not evaluated their reproducibility. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the reproducibility of these parameters and, if confirmed, characterize their clinical/pathophysiologic relevance in healthy and diabetic individuals.

Methods: Thirty healthy adults each underwent 3 replicate OGTTs, enabling assessment of the reproducibility of the following 5 parameters: time to insulin peak, shape of the glucose curve, glucose nadir below baseline, 1-h post-challenge glucose, and time to glucose peak.

Short-term intensive insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Studies have shown that, when implemented early in the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus, treatment with intensive insulin therapy for 2-3 weeks can induce a glycaemic remission, wherein patients are able to maintain normoglycaemia without any anti-diabetic medication. We thus did a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies to assess the effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy on the pathophysiological defects underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus (pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance) and identify clinical predictors of remission.

Methods: We identified studies published between 1950 and Nov 19, 2012, which assessed the effect of intensive insulin therapy on β-cell function or insulin resistance, or both, or assessed long-term drug-free glycaemic remission in adults aged 18 years or older with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Determinants of reversibility of β-cell dysfunction in response to short-term intensive insulin therapy in patients with early type 2 diabetes.

Short-term intensive insulin therapy (IIT) can improve pancreatic β-cell function when administered early in the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the degree of improvement in response to this therapy varies between patients. Thus, we sought to characterize the determinants of improvement in β-cell function in response to short-term IIT in early T2DM.

Pituitary gland metastasis from renal cell carcinoma presented as a non-functioning macroadenoma.

Metastatic tumors involving the pituitary gland are an uncommon finding and occur in up to 1% of all pituitary tumor resections. A 74-year-old man had progressive vision deterioration, over the 30 days prior to consultation. He did not complain of headache or polyuria, but referred to intestinal constipation.

Absence of diabetic retinopathy in a patient who has had diabetes mellitus for 69 years, and inadequate glycemic control: case presentation.

The main risk factors for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) are chronic hyperglycemia, disease duration and systemic blood pressure. So far chronic hyperglycemia is the strongest evidence concerning the risk of developing DR. However there are some patients with poor metabolic control who never develop this diabetic complication.

Risk factors for micro and macrovascular disease in black and white patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The prevalence of chronic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is higher in black patients. The reason for this finding is still unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze the micro and macrovascular risk factor profile of type 2 DM patients without advanced diabetic nephropathy according to ethnicity.

Serum uric acid levels improve prediction of incident type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired fasting glucose: the Rancho Bernardo Study.

Objective: To determine whether serum uric acid predicts incident type 2 diabetes by glucose tolerance status in older community-dwelling adults.

Research Design And Methods: Participants without diabetes at baseline were evaluated for incident type 2 diabetes 13 years later. Baseline glucose tolerance status was defined as normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired postchallenge glucose tolerance.

Late afternoon blood pressure increase is associated with diabetic retinopathy in normotensive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Aims: To identify if the variability of blood pressure (BP) is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in normotensive type 2 DM patients.

Methods: Sixty-five normotensive type 2 DM patients that had 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) were grouped according any degree of DR.

Results: Fourteen (21%) patients had DR.

Association between systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, hyperprolactinemia and thyroid autoantibodies.

Background: Hyperprolactinemia (hyperPRL) has been associated with autoimmune rheumatic disorders and the presence of thyroid autoantibodies (tAb). The interrelation between these variables was the focus of this prospective study.

Methods: The study assessed six groups of individuals: 26 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 20 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 28 with tAb (tAb+), 14 with untreated hyperprolactinemia (hyperPRL), 10 with treated hyperPRL, and a control group (n = 28).