Teaching prudent antibiotic use on the go: a descriptive report on development, utilization and listener satisfaction of an educational podcast format for medical students and young professionals.

Background: An important component in fostering the responsible use of antibiotics is training of new and future prescribers in this interdisciplinary topic. Because podcasts are playing an increasing role in medical education, we aimed to develop and evaluate a podcast format with practice and guideline-oriented learning content on antibiotic therapy for medical students and young medical professionals.

Methods: We developed the concept for the podcast with the direct involvement of medical students and medical experts with teaching experience.

Ecological and clinical evidence of the establishment of West Nile virus in a large urban area in Europe, Berlin, Germany, 2021 to 2022.

BackgroundWest Nile virus (WNV), found in Berlin in birds since 2018 and humans since 2019, is a mosquito-borne virus that can manifest in humans as West Nile fever (WNF) or neuroinvasive disease (WNND). However, human WNV infections and associated disease are likely underdiagnosed.AimWe aimed to identify and genetically characterise WNV infections in humans and mosquitoes in Berlin.

Vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 during the Omicron wave in Germany: results from the COViK study.

Purpose: COViK, a prospective hospital-based multicenter case-control study in Germany, aims to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against severe disease. Here, we report vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19-caused hospitalization and intensive care treatment during the Omicron wave.

Methods: We analyzed data from 276 cases with COVID-19 and 494 control patients recruited in 13 hospitals from 1 December 2021 to 5 September 2022.

Effectiveness of vaccines in preventing hospitalization due to COVID-19: A multicenter hospital-based case-control study, Germany, June 2021 to January 2022.

We included 852 patients in a prospectively recruiting multicenter matched case-control study in Germany to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing COVID-19-associated hospitalization during the Delta-variant dominance. The two-dose VE was 89 % (95 % CI 84-93 %) overall, 79 % in patients with more than two comorbidities and 77 % in adults aged 60-75 years. A third dose increased the VE to more than 93 % in all patient-subgroups.

Treatment of a giant hepatic echinococcal cyst with percutaneous drainage and in vivo assessment of the protoscolicidal effect of praziquantel.

Therapy choices for cystic echinococcisis (CE) are stage-specific: surgical, minimally invasive, medical or observation without intervention. PAIR (percutaneous aspiration, instillation of a scolicide, and re-aspiration) has been considered the treatment of choice for uncomplicated echinococcal liver cysts. However, PAIR carries the risk of toxic cholangitis or hypernatremia and that the cyst frequently refills with bile after withdrawing the catheter.

Incidence of healthcare-associated Clostridioides difficile infections and association with ward-level antibiotic consumption in a German university hospital: an ecological study.

Objectives: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most important healthcare-associated infections. We aimed to describe the incidence density of healthcare-associated CDI (HA-CDI) in Germany's largest hospital and to identify associations with ward-level antimicrobial consumption.

Methods: We used surveillance data on CDI and antimicrobial consumption from 2014 to 2017 and analysed a potential association by means of multivariable regression analysis.

[Clostridium difficile Infection: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Therapy and Prevention].

Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are common causes of diarrhoea in hospitalised medical and surgical patients. Clinical presentation ranges from mild diarrhoea to pseudomembraneous enterocolitis of the colon and sometimes the small intestines, with development of a toxic megacolon. Recurrent infections are common.

[Infectious Causes of Granulomatous Lung Diseases].

Infections are the most common cause of granulomatous lung diseases. A variety of different pathogens can cause granuloma formation. The diagnosis requires consideration of endemic characteristics, patients' predispositions as well as specific requirements for pathogen detection.

Genetic polymorphisms and the effect of cigarette smoking in the comet assay.

A potential genotoxic effect of cigarette smoking has repeatedly been investigated with the comet assay (alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis) and conflicting results have been reported. Besides differences in the methodology and the study design used, genetic differences between the subjects investigated might contribute to the variability of test results. Considering genetic polymorphisms of genes involved in metabolism or DNA repair has led to a better discrimination of smoking-related genotoxic effects in some cases but also led to discrepant results.