Genotoxic impact of aluminum-containing nanomaterials in human intestinal and hepatic cells.

Exposure of consumers to aluminum-containing nanomaterials (Al NMs) is an area of concern for public health agencies. As the available data on the genotoxicity of AlO and Al NMs are inconclusive or rare, the present study investigated their in vitro genotoxic potential in intestinal and liver cell models, and compared with the ionic form AlCl. Intestinal Caco-2 and hepatic HepaRG cells were exposed to Al and AlO NMs (0.

Predictive early gene signature during mouse Bhas 42 cell transformation induced by synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles.

Synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles (SAS) are used widely in industrial applications. These nanoparticles are not classified for their carcinogenicity in humans. However, some data still demonstrate a potential carcinogenic risk of these compounds in humans.

In vitro cell transformation induced by synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles.

Synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles (SAS) are among the most widely produced and used nanomaterials, but little is known about their carcinogenic potential. This study aims to evaluate the ability of four different SAS, two precipitated, NM-200 and NM-201, and two pyrogenic, NM-202 and NM-203, to induce the transformation process. For this, we used the recently developed in vitro Bhas 42 cell transformation assay (CTA).

Epigenetic changes in the early stage of silica-induced cell transformation.

The increasing use of nanomaterials in numerous domains has led to growing concern about their potential toxicological properties, and the potential risk to human health posed by silica nanoparticles remains under debate. Recent studies proposed that these particles could alter gene expression through the modulation of epigenetic marks, and the possible relationship between particle exposure and these mechanisms could represent a critical factor in carcinogenicity. In this study, using the Bhas 42 cell model, we compare the effects of exposure to two transforming particles, a pyrogenic amorphous silica nanoparticle NM-203 to those of the crystalline silica particle Min-U-Sil 5.

In vitro comet and micronucleus assays do not predict morphological transforming effects of silica particles in Syrian Hamster Embryo cells.

Crystalline silica particles and asbestos have both been classified as carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). However, because of the limited data available, amorphous silica was not classifiable. In vitro, the carcinogenic potential of natural crystalline and amorphous silica particles has been revealed by the Syrian Hamster Embryo (SHE) cell transformation assay.

Adherence to the items in a bundle for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Objective: To assess adherence to a ventilator care bundle in an intensive care unit and to determine the impact of adherence on the rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Methods: A total of 198 beds were assessed for 60 days using a checklist that consisted of the following items: bed head elevation to 30 to 45º; position of the humidifier filter; lack of fluid in the ventilator circuit; oral hygiene; cuff pressure; and physical therapy. Next, an educational lecture was delivered, and 235 beds were assessed for the following 60 days.

Genotoxicity of synthetic amorphous silica nanoparticles in rats following short-term exposure. Part 2: intratracheal instillation and intravenous injection.

Synthetic amorphous silica nanomaterials (SAS) are extensively used in food and tire industries. In many industrial processes, SAS may become aerosolized and lead to occupational exposure of workers through inhalation in particular. However, little is known about the in vivo genotoxicity of these particulate materials.

Molecular and clinical characterization of rotavirus from diarrheal infants admitted to pediatric emergency units in france.

Background: rotaviruses are the major cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide, and require careful surveillance, especially in the context of vaccination programs. Prospective surveillance is required to monitor and characterize rotavirus infections, including viral and clinical data, and to detect the emergence of potentially epidemic strains.

Methods: between 2006 and 2009, stool samples and clinical records were collected from 2044 children with acute diarrhea admitted to the pediatric emergency units of 13 French university hospitals.