Rectoceles: Is There a Correlation Between Presence of Vaginal Prolapse and Radiographic Findings in Symptomatic Women?

Background: Constipation is highly prevalent. Women with constipation are evaluated for the presence of vaginal prolapse that may contribute to obstructed defecation syndrome. Defecography can identify anatomic causes of obstructed defecation syndrome (rectocele, intussusception, and enterocele).

Hormone Modulation of Toll-Like Receptor 5 in Cultured Human Bladder Epithelial Cells.

Aim: The effect of hormone levels on the stimulation of Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) in the bladder is unknown. We aimed to study the effect of estradiol and progesterone on TLR5 expression and function in human bladder epithelial cells.

Methods: After growing to near confluence, T24 human urinary bladder (HUB) cells were incubated in hormone-free (HF) media for 72 hours.

Levatorplasty for Symptomatic Posterior Prolapse due to Recurrent Malignant Ascites.

Background: Although infrequently described, massive ascites due to malignancy contributes to symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse.

Case: A 73-year-old woman with recurrent ovarian cancer and massive ascites underwent a levatorplasty for repair of posterior prolapse after failing conservative management.

Conclusions: Management of patient with cancer with prolapse is complex.

Medical student knowledge of global health problems: obstetric fistulas in developing countries.

Objective: To evaluate medical students in the United States at several medical schools regarding their knowledge of the global health burden of obstetric fistulas.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 8 schools across the United States over a period of 6 months. The survey was composed of 18 questions on epidemiology, pathology, and treatment of fistulas.