A field realistic model to assess the effects of pesticides residues and adulterants on honey bee gene expression.

While studies on the sublethal effects of chemical residues in beeswax on adult honey bees are increasing, the study protocols assessing the impacts on honey bee brood in realistic conditions still need to be investigated. Moreover, little is known about the residue's effect on gene expression in honey bee brood. This study reports the effects of chlorpyriphos-ethyl, acrinathrin and stearin worker pupae exposure through contaminated or adulterated beeswax on the gene expression of some key health indicators, using a novel in vivo realistic model.

Unveiling the influence of a probiotic combination of Heyndrickxia coagulans and Lacticaseibacillus casei on healthy human gut microbiota using the TripleSHIME® system.

Probiotics are host-friendly microorganisms that can have important health benefits in the human gut microbiota as dietary supplements. Maintaining a healthy gut microbial balance relies on the intricate interplay among the intestinal microbiota, metabolic activities, and the host's immune response. This study aims to explore if a mixture of Heyndrickxia coagulans [ATB-BCS-042] and Lacticaseibacillus casei [THT-030-401] promotes in vitro this balance in representative gut microbiota from healthy individuals using the Triple-SHIME® (Simulation of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem).

Food additives impair gut microbiota from healthy individuals and IBD patients in a colonic in vitro fermentation model.

Intestinal fibrosis is a long-term complication of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Changes in microbial populations have been linked with the onset of fibrosis and some food additives are known to promote intestinal inflammation facilitating fibrosis induction. In this study, we investigated how polysorbate 80, sucralose, titanium dioxide, sodium nitrite and maltodextrin affect the gut microbiota and the metabolic activity in healthy and IBD donors (patients in remission and with a flare of IBD).

M-Batches to Simulate Luminal and Mucosal Human Gut Microbial Ecosystems: A Case Study of the Effects of Coffee and Green Tea.

Gastrointestinal simulations in vitro have only limited approaches to analyze the microbial communities inhabiting the mucosal compartment. Understanding and differentiating gut microbial ecosystems is crucial for a more comprehensive and accurate representation of the gut microbiome and its interactions with the host. Herein is suggested, in a short-term and static set-up (named "M-batches"), the analysis of mucosal and luminal populations of inhabitants of the human colon.

Butyrogenic, bifidogenic and slight anti-inflammatory effects of a green kiwifruit powder (Kiwi FFG®) in a human gastrointestinal model simulating mild constipation.

Green kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa var. Hayward) is a fruit with important nutritional attributes and traditional use as a laxative. In this work, we studied in vitro the colonic fermentation of a standardized green kiwifruit powder (Kiwi FFG®) using representative intestinal microbial content of mildly constipated women.

Evaluation of Four Multispecies Probiotic Cocktails in a Human Colonic Fermentation Model.

Bacteriotherapy represents an attractive approach for both prophylaxis and treatment of human diseases. However, combining probiotic bacteria in "cocktails" is underexplored, despite its potential as an alternative multi-target therapy. Herein, three-strain probiotic mixtures containing different combinations of Bacillus (Bc.

Phage Targeting Neonatal Meningitis K1 In Vitro in the Intestinal Microbiota of Pregnant Donors and Impact on Bacterial Populations.

K1 is a leading cause of neonatal meningitis. The asymptomatic carriage of these strains in the maternal intestinal microbiota constitutes a risk of vertical transmission to the infant at birth. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of phage therapy against K1 in an intestinal environment and its impact on the intestinal microbiota.

In Vitro Effect on Piglet Gut Microbiota and In Vivo Assessment of Newly Isolated Bacteriophages against F18 Enterotoxigenic (ETEC).

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) causing post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets have a detrimental impact on animal health and economy in pig production. ETEC strains can adhere to the host's small intestinal epithelial cells using fimbriae such as F4 and F18. Phage therapy could represent an interesting alternative to antimicrobial resistance against ETEC infections.

Impact Assessment of vB_KpnP_K1-ULIP33 Bacteriophage on the Human Gut Microbiota Using a Dynamic In Vitro Model.

New control methods are needed to counter antimicrobial resistances and the use of bacteriophages as an alternative treatment seems promising. To that end, the effect of the phage vB_KpnP_K1-ULIP33, whose host is the hypervirulent SA12 (ST23 and capsular type K1), was assessed on intestinal microbiota, using an in vitro model: the SHIME system (Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem). After stabilization of the system, the phage was inoculated for 7 days and its persistence in the different colons was studied until its disappearance from the system.

Processing and preservation methods of Wagashi Gassirè, a traditional cheese produced in Benin.

Purpose: Wagashi Gassirè (WG) is a traditional cheese produced from cow milk following local processing methods in Benin. The aim of this study was to describe the milk processing methods and the preservation practices with the objective of improving WG production and sanitary quality.

Methods: A survey was carried out among 390 actors (84 dairy farmers, 165 producers, 53 traders, and 88 consumers) from two municipalities (Dassa and Nikki) in Benin.

Human Adult Microbiota in a Static Colon Model: AhR Transcriptional Activity at the Crossroads of Host-Microbe Interaction.

Functional symbiotic intestinal microbiota regulates immune defense and the metabolic processing of xenobiotics in the host. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is one of the transcription factors mediating host-microbe interaction. An in vitro static simulation of the human colon was used in this work to analyze the evolution of bacterial populations, the microbial metabolic output, and the potential induction of AhR transcriptional activity in healthy gut ecosystems.

Chemical hazards in smoked meat and fish.

This review aims to give an insight into the main hazards currently found in smoked meat and fish products. Literature research was carried out on international databases such as Access to Global Online Research in Agriculture (AGORA) database, Science direct, and Google scholar to collect and select 92 relevant publications included in this review. The smoking process was described and five hazards mostly found in smoked fish and meat were presented.

Steam precooking, an effective pretreatment to reduce contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in traditionally smoked shrimp.

Abstract: Traditionally smoked shrimps are highly contaminated with carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The effect of precooking methods such as boiling (7 and 15 min) and steaming (15 and 20 min) on shrimp smoking effectiveness was investigated through smoking duration and the change of moisture, protein content, and PAHs contamination. The consumer's perception of derived shrimps was highlighted by acceptability and Just-About-Right test using 7-point hedonic and 3-point scale respectively.

Contamination of Water, Sediment and Fish with Residues of Pesticides Used in Cotton Production in Northern Benin.

In Northern Benin, insecticides are used for cotton production. These insecticides can be easily transferred to water ponds close to cotton fields. To monitor insecticides levels in water, sediments and fish samples from water ponds, a GC-MS analytical method was developed to detect residues of endosulfan, DDT and its parent compounds, isomers of HCH, pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos.

Performances of the barrel kiln used in cottage industry for fish processing and effects on physicochemical characteristics and safety of smoked fish products.

Background: In the traditional food sector, the smoking process and smoking-drying process are widely used to increase the shelf-life of seafood products. The smoking process and smoking-drying process are mainly performed using barrel kiln and wood as fuel in many West African countries. The present study evaluated the performances of the barrel kiln and its effects on physicochemical characteristics and safety of smoked fish (SF) and smoked-dried fish (SDF).

The efficacy and effect on gut microbiota of an aflatoxin binder and a fumonisin esterase using an in vitro simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME®).

Mycotoxin intoxication is in general an acknowledged and tackled issue in animals. However, in several parts of the world, mycotoxicoses in humans still remain a relevant issue. The efficacy of two mycotoxin detoxifying animal feed additives, an aflatoxin bentonite clay binder and a fumonisin esterase, was investigated in a human child gut model, i.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contamination of Flamed and Braised Chickens and Health Risk Assessment in Burkina Faso.

Charcoal- or wood-cooked chicken is a street-vended food in Burkina Faso. In this study, 15 samples of flamed chicken and 13 samples of braised chicken were analyzed for 15 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with a high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector. A face-to-face survey was conducted to assess the consumption profiles of 300 men and 300 women.

Apple Pomace and Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota of Weaned Piglets-A Weaning Strategy for Gut Health?

Apple pomace (AP) is known to be rich in biomolecules beneficial for health and it may advantageously be used to overcome the critical step of piglets' weaning. The study aimed to determine the effect of two levels of incorporation of AP on the performance, intestinal morphology, and microbiota of weaned piglets and investigate this feed ingredient as a weaning strategy. An experiment was performed with 42 piglets from weaning (28 days old) over a five-week period, including three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets (0%, 2%, and 4% dried AP diets) with seven pen-repetitions per diet (two pigs per pen).

Consumption and physico-chemical characteristics of smoked and smoked-dried fish commonly produced in South Benin and contribution to recommended nutrient intakes.

The work aims to assess the consumption and the physico-chemical characteristics of smoked fish and smoked-dried fish commonly produced and consumed in the South Benin. The consumption data were obtained from a survey involving 250 consumers, conducted in selected production localities of the Southern part of Benin, where 36 samples of smoked fish and smoked-dried fish were collected. The highest protein contents (dry matter) were recorded in (85.

Insight about methods used for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons reduction in smoked or grilled fishery and meat products for future re-engineering: A systematic review.

This paper presents methods of reduction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in grilled or smoked meat and fishery products. Using keywords such as "smoking", "grilling", "processing", "roasting", "barbecue", "curing", "reduction", "decrease", "polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon", "benzo(a)pyrene", "removal", 1191 references were collected from databases. After sorting, only 37 appeared to be relevant to the topic of the review.

Survey on the presence of antibiotic residues in raw milk samples from six sites of the dairy pool of Niamey, Niger.

Background And Aim: Antibiotics are widely used in animal production for treating the diseases and for preventing or increasing animal growth. The presence of antibiotic residues in milk is a public health problem. The aim of this study was to assess the use of antibiotic residues in raw milk from the dairy pool of Niamey in three farms (Toukounous, Kirkissoye, and Niamey) and three collection centers (Hamdallaye, Kollo, and Say).

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contamination of traditionally grilled pork marketed in South Benin and health risk assessment for the Beninese consumer.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination was monitored in grilled pork sold in Beninese street restaurants, as well as in grilled pork from a well-controlled experiment replicating traditional grilling using wood as fuel. Fifteen PAHs were analysed using a high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with fluorescence detection. To assess the risk for the consumer, the margins of exposure (MOEs) were calculated, as the ratio between benchmark PAHs levels and consumer intakes.

Baby-SPIME: A dynamic in vitro piglet model mimicking gut microbiota during the weaning process.

The study aimed to adapt the SHIME® model, developed to simulate human digestion and fermentation, to a baby-SPIME (baby Simulator of Pig Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem). What constitutes a unique feature of this model is its twofold objective of introducing an ileal microbial community and mimicking a dietary weaning transition. This model should then be ideally suited to test the dietary weaning strategies of piglets in vitro.

Assessment of the physicochemical characteristics, chemical and microbiological safety of two types of , a grilled meat produced in Niger.

Production of , a grilled meat of West Africa, is a common method of meat preservation in Niger. Thirty samples of condiments-coated and uncoated collected in Niger, were analyzed for microbiological contamination, as well as NaCl, protein and lipid contents, using standard methods. Contamination with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) was also assessed using a HPLC-FLD technique.