Photobiomodulation Therapy Effects at Different Stages of the Dystrophic Phenotype: A Histomorphometric Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the gastrocnemius muscle of X-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) mice.

Methods: The study used an experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, at 3 stages of degeneration/regeneration of muscle fibers: an acute stage (14-28 days old), acute and stabilized stages (14-42 days old), and a stabilized stage (28-42 days old). Photobiomodulation therapy (also known as low-level light therapy) at 0.

LEDT and Idebenone treatment modulate autophagy and improve regenerative capacity in the dystrophic muscle through an AMPK-pathway.

Purpose: Considering the difficulties and challenges in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) treatment, such as the adverse effects of glucocorticoids, which are the main medical prescription used by dystrophic patients, new treatment concepts for dystrophic therapy are very necessary. Thus, in this study, we explore the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM; a non-invasive therapy) and Idebenone (IDE) treatment (a potent antioxidant), applied alone or in association, in dystrophic muscle cells and the quadriceps muscle, with special focus on autophagy and regenerative pathways.

Methods: For the in vitro studies, the dystrophic primary muscle cells received 0.

Low-Level Photobiomodulation Therapy Modulates HO Production, TRPC-6, and PGC-1α Levels in the Dystrophic Muscle.

This study evaluated photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) effects on the factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, on the mitochondrial respiratory complexes, and on the transient receptor potential canonical channels (such as TRPC-1 and TRPC-6) in (mdx muscle cells) and studies (gastrocnemius muscle) from mdx mice, the dystrophin-deficient model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). There is no successful treatment for DMD, therefore demanding search for new therapies that can improve the muscle role, the quality of life, and the survival of dystrophic patients. The dystrophic primary muscle cells received PBMT at 0.

Antioxidant effects of bis-indole alkaloid indigo and related signaling pathways in the experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Indigo is a bis-indolic alkaloid that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects reported in literature and is a promissory compound for treating chronic inflammatory diseases. This fact prompted to investigate the effects of this alkaloid in the experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of the indigo on oxidative stress and related signaling pathways in primary skeletal muscle cell cultures and in the diaphragm muscle from mdx mice.

Cross-talk between TRPC-1, mTOR, PGC-1α and PPARδ in the dystrophic muscle cells treated with tempol.

Unlabelled: Background Ca2+ dysregulation and oxidative damage appear to have a central role in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) progression. The current study provides muscle cell-specific insights into the effect of Tempol on the TRPC 1 channel; on the positive and negative regulators of muscle cell differentiation; on the antioxidant enzymatic system; on the activators of mitochondrial biogenesis; and on the inflammatory process in the dystrophic primary muscle cells in culture.

Methods: myotubes were treated with Tempol (5 mM) for 24 h.

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Activators of Mitochondrial Biogenesis: Tempol Targets in the Diaphragm Muscle of Exercise Trained- Mice.

The mouse phenotype aggravated by chronic exercise on a treadmill makes this murine model more reliable for the study of muscular dystrophy. Thus, to better assess the Tempol effect on dystrophic pathways, the analyses in this study were performed in the blood samples and diaphragm muscle from treadmill trained adult (7-11-weeks old) animals. The m mice were divided into three groups: , sedentary controls ( = 28); Ex, exercise-trained animals ( = 28); and Ex+T, exercise-trained animals with the Tempol treatment ( = 28).

Tempol improves redox status in mdx dystrophic diaphragm muscle.

Oxidative stress is a critical element in relationship to the pathophysiology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In the mice the diaphragm (DIA) is most resembles the dystrophic human pathology. In this study we have evaluated the consequences of a synthetic antioxidant (tempol) on oxidative stress parameters in the DIA muscle of mdx mice.

Morphofunctional characteristics of skeletal muscle in rats with cerebral palsy.

Knowledge of skeletal muscle adaptations is important to understand the functional deficits in cerebral palsy (CP). This study aimed to investigate the morphofunctional characteristics of skeletal muscle in a CP animal model. Initially, pregnant Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline or lipopolysaccharide over the last five days of pregnancy.

Delirium during Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation.

Background. We compare the incidence of delirium before and after extubation and identify the risk factors and possible predictors for the occurrence of delirium in this group of patients. Methods.