3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid Delays Paralysis in Models of Amyloid-Beta and Polyglutamine Proteotoxicity.

Age is the primary risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and a leading cause of death in the elderly population of the United States. No effective treatments for these diseases currently exist.

On the benefits of the tryptophan metabolite 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse aging.

Tryptophan metabolism through the kynurenine pathway influences molecular processes critical to healthy aging including immune signaling, redox homeostasis, and energy production. Aberrant kynurenine metabolism occurs during normal aging and is implicated in many age-associated pathologies including chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, and cancer. We and others previously identified three kynurenine pathway genes-tdo-2, kynu-1, and acsd-1-for which decreasing expression extends lifespan in invertebrates.

Caenorhabditis elegans orthologs of human genes differentially expressed with age are enriched for determinants of longevity.

We report a systematic RNAi longevity screen of 82 Caenorhabditis elegans genes selected based on orthology to human genes differentially expressed with age. We find substantial enrichment in genes for which knockdown increased lifespan. This enrichment is markedly higher than published genomewide longevity screens in C.

Fecal Impaction in the Emergency Department: An Analysis of Frequency and Associated Charges in 2011.

Goals: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence and associated charges of fecal impaction for trends in hospital and patient demographics in emergency departments (ED) across the United States.

Background: In 2010, an ICD-9-CM code (560.32) for fecal impaction was introduced, allowing for assessment of fecal impaction incidence.

Emergency department burden of constipation in the United States from 2006 to 2011.

Objectives: Although constipation is typically managed in an outpatient setting, there is an increasing trend in the frequency of constipation-related hospital visits. The aim of this study was to analyze trends related to chronic constipation (CC) in the United States with respect to emergency department (ED) visits, patient and hospital characteristics, and associated costs.

Methods: Data from 2006 to 2011, in which constipation (The International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes 564.