The Power of Food: Self-control moderates the association of hedonic hunger with overeating, snacking frequency and palatable food intake.

The purpose of the study was to explore whether self-control moderates the associations between hedonic hunger and overeating frequency, snacking frequency and palatable food intake. Data from the first wave of the Swiss Food Panel 2.0 study was analyzed (N = 4774), from the German- and French-speaking part of Switzerland (52% men).

Learning to eat intuitively: A qualitative exploration of the experience of mid-age women.

Qualitative studies examining women's experiences of learning to eat more intuitively are scarce. We aimed to explore the experience of learning intuitive eating among mid-age women ( = 11) who participated in a web-based intuitive eating programme. Motivation to learn intuitive eating, perceptions of the experience of attempting to eat more intuitively, and facilitators and barriers to intuitive eating were explored using inductive thematic analysis.

Weight-Focused Physical Activity Is Associated with Poorer Eating Motivation Quality and Lower Intuitive Eating in Women.

Background: Evidence suggests that physical activity may be related to improved eating regulation, helping people self-regulate their eating in a healthier way. Yet the positive associations between physical activity and eating-related behaviors appear to depend on the goals pursued by individuals when they engage in physical activity.

Objective: This study investigated differences in eating motivations (informed by Self-Determination Theory) and intuitive eating between women who did physical activity to lose weight (PA-Wt) vs for non-weight goals (PA-NWt), and explores whether eating motivations mediate associations between weight-focused physical activity and intuitive eating.

Teaching Intuitive Eating and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Skills Via a Web-Based Intervention: A Pilot Single-Arm Intervention Study.

Background: Middle-aged women are at risk of weight gain and associated comorbidities. Deliberate restriction of food intake (dieting) produces short-term weight loss but is largely unsuccessful for long-term weight management. Two promising approaches for the prevention of weight gain are intuitive eating (ie, eating in accordance with hunger and satiety signals) and the development of greater psychological flexibility (ie, the aim of acceptance and commitment therapy [ACT]).

Speed of eating and 3-year BMI change: a nationwide prospective study of mid-age women.

Objective: To conduct the first nationwide population survey to examine the associations between changes in speed of eating and weight gain over 3 years. The study also explored whether faster eating at baseline was related to healthy-weight women becoming overweight after 3 years.

Design: Longitudinal.

A nationwide survey of weight control practices among middle-aged New Zealand women.

Aim: To examine the prevalence of weight control practices in a nationwide representative sample of 40-50 year old New Zealand women.

Methods: In May 2009, a cross-sectional mail survey was conducted among 2500 women randomly selected from nationwide electoral rolls who were each mailed a self-administered questionnaire about their weight control practices, demographics and anthropometry.

Results: After excluding ineligible recipients, a 66% participation rate was achieved (n=1601).

Does the transtheoretical model of behavior change provide a useful basis for interventions to promote fruit and vegetable consumption?

Purpose: To determine whether Transtheoretical Model (TTM) constructs differ between individuals making successful versus unsuccessful stage transitions for consumption of five or more servings of fruit and vegetables each day and thus provide a useful basis for designing health promotion interventions.

Design: Longitudinal, observational study. A randomly selected, multiethnic cohort of adults assessed at 6-month intervals over 2 years.

Many apples a day keep the blues away--daily experiences of negative and positive affect and food consumption in young adults.

Objectives: Prior research has focused on the association between negative affect and eating behaviour, often utilizing laboratory or cross-sectional study designs. These studies have inherent limitations, and the association between positive affect and eating behaviour remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the bidirectional relationships between daily negative and positive affective experiences and food consumption in a naturalistic setting among healthy young adults.

Agreement between measured and self-reported height, weight and BMI in predominantly European middle-aged New Zealanders: findings from a nationwide 1989 survey.

Aim: To examine the agreement between self-reported and measured height, weight and BMI in 40-50 year old New Zealand men and women.

Method: Self-reported and measured height, weight and derived BMI were examined using data from 345 40-50 year old participants in the 1989/1990 Life In New Zealand Survey. Factors associated with biased reporting were assessed using regression models.

Food outlet accessibility and fruit and vegetable consumption.

Purpose: To examine if spatial access to healthy and unhealthy outlets comprising the local food environment was associated with fruit and vegetable consumption.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Population-based sample residing in Hawaii.

Eating in response to hunger and satiety signals is related to BMI in a nationwide sample of 1601 mid-age New Zealand women.

Objective: To examine the association between eating in response to hunger and satiety signals (intuitive eating) and BMI. A second objective was to determine whether the hypothesized higher BMI in less intuitive eaters could be explained by the intake of specific foods, speed of eating or binge eating.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

A Research Agenda to Examine the Efficacy and Relevance of the Transtheoretical Model for Physical Activity Behavior.

Regular physical activity (PA) decreases the risk of several chronic diseases including some cancers, type II diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease; however, the majority of US adults are not meeting the recommended levels to experience these benefits. To address this public health concern, the underlying mechanisms for behavior change need to be understood, translated and disseminated into appropriately tailored interventions. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) provides a framework for both the conceptualization and measurement of behavior change, as well as facilitating promotion strategies that are individualized and easily adapted.

Validation of brief instruments to measure adult fruit and vegetable consumption.

Four brief food frequency questionnaires were developed and validated to measure an adult's usual daily intake of fruit or vegetable servings over the past month. Fifty males and 50 females, aged 25-52 years, completed two fruit instruments, two vegetable instruments, and a dietary history (the reference method). Individual agreement and group mean estimation were assessed.

Validated scales to assess adult decisional balance to eat more fruits and vegetables.

A scale to measure adult decisional balance to eat more fruits and vegetables was developed and confirmed, and its psychometric properties were assessed. Two simple random samples of adults ages 25-60 years were selected from a nationally representative sampling frame. The development survey had a 72% response rate (n = 231).

Investigating fruit and vegetable consumption using the transtheoretical model.

Purpose: Test the applicability of the transtheoretical model (TTM) to adult fruit/vegetable consumption.

Design: Cross-sectional random-digit dial survey.

Setting: Hawaii.

Non-dieting group interventions for overweight and obese women: what predicts non-completion and does completion improve outcomes?

Objective: To determine factors which predict non-completion of group non-dieting interventions for overweight women, and to investigate whether completion improves outcomes.

Design: First, baseline predictors of non-completion were identified; then changes at 10 weeks and 12 months were compared between completers and non-completers of 10-week non-dieting interventions.

Setting: General community.

Validated scales to assess adult self-efficacy to eat fruits and vegetables.

Purpose: An audience-centered approach was used to develop valid and reliable scales to measure adult self-efficacy to eat fruit and vegetables.

Design: Cross-sectional survey of a national population.

Setting: New Zealand.

Evaluation of a "nondieting" stress reduction program for overweight women: a randomized trial.

Purpose: Determine if a "nondieting" intervention focused on intensive training in eliciting the relaxation response enhances health outcomes compared with nondieting interventions without such training.

Design: Randomized trial with follow-up at 10 weeks, 4 months, and 12 months.

Setting: General community.

Vitamin B12 and folate status of older New Zealand women.

The primary aim of this study was to assess the biochemical vitamin B12 and folate status of a representative group of elderly women (70-80 y) living in Dunedin, New Zealand. A second aim was to determine the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia and to explore the determinants of homocysteine (hcy) concentration in this population. A cross-sectional study was carried out between June and August of 2000.