Endonasal Endoscopic and Hybrid Surgery Techniques for Blunt Trauma Fractures of the Skull Base With Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage caused by skull base fracture represents high risks of bacterial meningitis, and a rate of mortality of 8.9%. Endoscopic endonasal repair of CSF leaks is quite safe and effective procedure with high rates of success.

Endolymphatic Sac Surgery for Ménière's Disease - Current Opinion and Literature Review.

 The endolymphatic sac is thought to maintain the hydrostatic pressure and endolymph homeostasis for the inner ear, and its dysfunction may contribute to the pathophysiology of Ménière's disease. Throughout the years, different surgical procedures for intractable vertigo secondary to Ménière's disease have been described, and though many authors consider these procedures as effective, there are some who question its long-term efficacy and even those who think that vertigo control is achieved more due to a placebo effect than because of the procedure itself.  To review the different surgical procedures performed in the endolymphatic sac for the treatment of Ménière's disease.