Comparing Survival Outcomes between Hemodialysis and Hemodiafiltration Using Real-World Data from Brazil.

The CONVINCE trial demonstrates that high-dose hemodiafiltration offers a survival advantage for patients in the high-flux hemodiafiltration group compared to hemodialysis. We compared the outcomes of hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration using real-world data. We conducted an analysis on a cohort of patients who underwent hemodiafiltration therapy (HDF) at a single center, NefroStar Clinics.

Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in patients on peritoneal dialysis: incidence and associated factors.

Background: Hypokalemia is a well-described electrolyte disturbance in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Hyperkalemia, however, is still overlooked, although it also represents a risk factor for mortality. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ACE/ARB), diuretics, and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can interfere with potassium levels in these patients.

Chronic kidney disease is a main confounding factor for 25-vitamin D measurement.

Background: Current guidelines recommend assessment of 25-vitamin D status in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although significant differences among assays have been described, the impact of CKD on this variability has never been tested.

Methods: We tested the variability between two 25-vitamin D assays in patients with CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.

Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Containing Antiretrovirals Maintains Low Bone Formation Rate, But Increases Osteoid Volume on Bone Histomorphometry.

Bone mineral density (BMD) loss is a known complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its treatment, particularly with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-containing antiretroviral regimens. Although renal proximal tubular dysfunction and phosphaturia is common with TDF, it is unknown whether BMD loss results from inadequate mineralization. We evaluated change in BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bone histomorphometry by tetracycline double-labeled transiliac crest biopsies in young men living with HIV before (n = 20) and 12 months after (n = 16) initiating TDF/lamivudine/efavirenz.

Time to rethink the use of bone biopsy to prevent fractures in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to provide evidence to justify the use of bone biopsy data to guide decisions regarding fracture prevention in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, no data can support the use of bone biopsy for this purpose. However, we believe that bone turnover, mineralization and volume (TMV) data might help decide, which therapy to use.