Diverting ostomy prior to neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer should be used selectively: A retrospective single-center cohort study.

Background: Rectal cancer patients commonly benefit from neoadjuvant therapy before resection surgery. For these patients, an elective ostomy diversion is frequently considered, despite the absence of conclusive evidence when a diversion is advantageous. This is a retrospective observational single-center study on a 4-year consecutive rectal cancer cohort undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, aiming at improving the understanding of risks and benefits associated with ostomy diversion.

Malignant hyperthermia safety - A nationwide survey of publicly funded Swedish healthcare.

Background: Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare pharmacogenetic disorder that can lead to a life-threatening reaction during general anaesthesia with triggering agents. Prompt life-saving treatment includes the immediate administration of the antidote dantrolene. This study investigated Swedish healthcare providers' awareness and adherence to guidelines and recommendations with respect to MH and whether adherence to safe MH-praxis varies with hospital care-complexity level and private versus public management form.

Muscle mass and quality as predictors for complications, recurrence and length of hospital stay in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential correlation between muscle mass/muscle quality and risk of complications or recurrence in patients presenting with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis. It was also to study if low muscle mass/quality correlated to prolonged hospital stay.

Materials And Methods: The study population comprised 501 patients admitted to Helsingborg Hospital or Skåne University Hospital between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2017, who had been diagnosed with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis and undergone computed tomography upon admission.

Disturbance in the oropharyngeal microbiota in relation to antibiotic and proton pump inhibitor medication and length of hospital stay.

The aim of this study was to investigate the appearance of a disturbed oropharyngeal microbiota during hospitalization and explore the patient characteristics that maybe associated with such a disturbance. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 134 patients at hospital admission and every 3-4 days thereafter. The samples were cultivated to determine the presence of a disturbed microbiota, which, in turn, was subcategorized into respiratory tract pathogens, gut microbiota and yeast species.

[Better intensive care outcomes for men than women especially in septic shock and after cardiac arrest].

Better intensive care outcomes for men than women especially in septic shock and after cardiac arrest In this study 11 764 intensive care admissions to Skåne University Hospital in Sweden between 2008 and 2015 were studied for any gender differences in outcome for different diagnoses. As known from previous studies, men had more intensive care admissions and had a higher morbidity necessitating the use of risk adjusted mortality measures. Through a simple but new application of VLAD we found this risk-adjusted mortality measure to be more sensitive in detecting differences in mortality between groups than the more commonly used SMR.

Preanesthetic nurse communication with children and parents--an observational study.

Background: The impact of communication within the perioperative period is an area of increasing research interest. Suggestions are phrases or actions that can lead to subconscious nonvolitional changes in patient perception, mood, and/or behavior. Statements functioning as suggestions may induce positive or negative perceptual responses and experiences.

Gender differences in outcome and use of resources do exist in Swedish intensive care, but to no advantage for women of premenopausal age.

Introduction: Preclinical data indicate that oestrogen appears to play a beneficial role in the pathophysiology of and recovery from critical illness. In few previous epidemiologic studies, however, have researchers analysed premenopausal women as a separate group when addressing potential gender differences in critical care outcome. Our aim was to see if women of premenopausal age have a better outcome following critical care and to investigate the association between gender and use of intensive care unit (ICU) resources.

Lactic acid bacteria colonization and clinical outcome after probiotic supplementation in conventionally treated bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis.

This randomized double-blind placebo controlled study assessed the vaginal colonization of lactic acid bacteria and clinical outcome. Vaginal capsules containing L gasseri LN40, Lactobacillus fermentum LN99, L. casei subsp.

Temporal patterns of interstitial pyruvate and amino acids after subarachnoid haemorrhage are related to the level of consciousness--a clinical microdialysis study.

Background: Temporal patterns of brain interstitial amino acids after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) were studied in relation to energy metabolite levels and to the severity of the initial global ischaemia as reflected by the level of consciousness at admission.

Method: Intracerebral microdialysis was used to measure brain interstitial amino acids and the energy metabolites glucose, lactate, and pyruvate during five days in 19 patients. Patients who were conscious (n = 11) were compared to those who were unconscious on admission (n = 8).

Relationship between intracranial hemodynamics and microdialysis markers of energy metabolism and glutamate-glutamine turnover in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clinical article.

Object: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between hemodynamics (intracranial and systemic) and brain tissue energy metabolism, and between hemodynamics and glutamate (Glt)-glutamine (Gln) cycle activity.

Methods: Brain interstitial levels of lactate, pyruvate, Glt, and Gln were prospectively monitored in the neurointensive care unit for more than 3600 hours using intracerebral microdialysis in 33 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Intracranial pressure (ICP), mean arterial blood pressure, and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were recorded using a digitalized system.

Microdialysis patterns in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with focus on ischemic events and brain interstitial glutamine levels.

Background: This observational microdialysis (MD) study of 33 subarachnoid hemorrhage patients explores brain interstitial levels of glutamine, glutamate, lactate and pyruvate, and their relationship to clinical status and clinical course at the neurointensive care unit.

Methods: The focus was on ischemic events, defined by clinical criteria or by radiology, and the significance of brain interstitial glutamine levels and lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratio.

Results: Eleven out of 12 periods with an ischemic MD pattern, defined as lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratios exceeding 40, were either related to delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND) or CT-verified infarcts, confirming that L/P above 40 is a specific ischemic and pathological MD measure.

Cerebral glutamine and glutamate levels in relation to compromised energy metabolism: a microdialysis study in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Astrocytic glutamate (Glt) uptake keeps brain interstitial Glt levels low. Within the astrocytes Glt is converted to glutamine (Gln), which is released and reconverted to Glt in neurons. The Glt-Gln cycle is energy demanding and impaired energy metabolism has been suggested to cause low interstitial Gln/Glt ratios.

The effects of PBN (phenyl-butyl-nitrone) on GLT-1 levels and on the extracellular levels of amino acids and energy metabolites in a model of iron-induced posttraumatic epilepsy.

This study investigates astrocytic glutamate uptake in the iron-induced animal model of posttraumatic epilepsy. Since formation of free radicals may be involved in epileptogenesis after brain trauma and hemorrhage the effects of the nitrone radical scavenger alpha-phenyl-tert-N-butyl nitrone (PBN) were also studied. Animals received an intracortical iron injection, or were sham-operated.