A Comparison of Dobutamine, Norepinephrine, Vasopressin, and Hetastarch for the Treatment of Isoflurane-Induced Hypotension in Healthy, Normovolemic Dogs.

Isoflurane is a commonly used inhalation anesthetic in species undergoing veterinary care that induces hypotension, impacting organ perfusion, making it imperative to minimize its occurrence or identify effective strategies for treating it. This study evaluated and compared the hemodynamic effects of DOB, NEP, VAS, and HES in twelve isoflurane-anesthetized Beagle dogs. The order of the first three treatments was randomized.

Evaluation of Electrical Cardiometry for Measuring Cardiac Output and Derived Hemodynamic Variables in Comparison with Lithium Dilution in Anesthetized Dogs.

Numerous cardiac output (CO) technologies were developed to replace the 'gold standard' pulmonary artery thermodilution due to its invasiveness and the risks associated with it. Minimally invasive lithium dilution (LiD) shows excellent agreement with thermodilution and can be used as a reference standard in animals. This study evaluated CO via noninvasive electrical cardiometry (EC) and acquired hemodynamic variables against CO measured using LiD in six healthy, anesthetized dogs administered different treatments (dobutamine, esmolol, phenylephrine, and high-dose isoflurane) impacting CO values.

Assessment and comparison of microcirculation and macrocirculation in horses undergoing emergency exploratory celiotomy versus elective surgical procedures.

Objective: To assess oral buccal microcirculation by hand-held videomicroscopy in horses during colic surgery, comparing microcirculation values with macrocirculatory parameters and with those of healthy elective surgical horses.

Study Design: Clinical prospective study.

Animals: Client-owned horses (nine in the colic group; 11 in the elective group).

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intramuscular dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine after IM administration in dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy adult purpose-bred dogs (3 males, 3 females) with a mean ± SD body weight of 25.2 ± 1.

Risk of anesthesia-related complications in draft horses: a retrospective, single-center analysis.

Objective: To report anesthetic-related complications and determine risks associated with anesthesia in draft horses.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: A total of 401 anesthetic records for draft horse breeds that underwent general anesthesia from January 2010 through December 2020 were reviewed; horses euthanized during general anesthesia were excluded.

Evaluation of perfusion index as a noninvasive tool to determine epidural anesthesia effectiveness in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate perfusion index (PI) as a noninvasive tool to determine effectiveness and onset of epidural anesthesia in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective clinical trial.

Animals: A total of 21 adult dogs, aged 6.

Evaluation of intramuscular anesthetic protocols in healthy domestic horses.

Objective: To assess anesthetic induction, recovery quality and cardiopulmonary variables after intramuscular (IM) injection of three drug combinations for immobilization of horses.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded, three-way crossover prospective design.

Animals: A total of eight healthy adult horses weighing 470-575 kg.

Effects of perioperative saphenous and sciatic nerve blocks, lumbosacral epidural or morphine-lidocaine-ketamine infusion on postoperative pain and sedation in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

Objective: To compare the quality of postoperative analgesia and sedation after preoperative saphenous and sciatic nerve blockade, preoperative lumbosacral epidural injection and perioperative intravenous (IV) morphine, lidocaine and ketamine infusions in dogs undergoing stifle arthroscopy and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) under general anesthesia.

Study Design: Prospective, blinded, randomized, clinical comparison study.

Animals: A total of 45 dogs weighing 33.

Effects of a priming dose of alfaxalone on the total anesthetic induction dose for and cardiorespiratory function of sedated healthy cats.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a priming dose of alfaxalone on the total anesthetic induction dose for and cardiorespiratory function of sedated healthy cats.

Animals: 8 healthy adult cats.

Procedures: For this crossover study, cats were sedated with dexmedetomidine and methadone administered IM.

Body surface area calculation for dogs and cats using LiDCO and PICCO monitors.

Background: Cardiac output, stroke volume, and measurement of other hemodynamic parameters can be useful in the management of critical patients. Given the broad size disparity of veterinary patients, the raw values can vary widely. Their indexed values, however, allow for quick assessment of hemodynamic status and a more standardized target setting by the veterinary care team.

Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of IM administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Animals: 6 young healthy mixed-breed hounds.

Procedures: Dogs received each of 3 treatments (alfaxalone [2 mg/kg] and butorphanol [0.

Effect of oral administration of gabapentin on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of oral administration of gabapentin (20 mg/kg) on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy adult dogs (3 males and 3 females with a mean ± SD body weight of 24.8 ± 1.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of oral transmucosal and intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To determine pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the injectable formulation of dexmedetomidine administered via the oral transmucosal (OTM) route to healthy dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy dogs.

Procedures: Injectable dexmedetomidine was administered IV (5 μg/kg) or via the OTM route (20 μg/kg) in a blinded, single-observer, randomized crossover study.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intranasal and intravenous naloxone hydrochloride administration in healthy dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of naloxone hydrochloride in dogs following intranasal (IN) and IV administration.

Animals: 6 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs.

Procedures: In a blinded crossover design involving 2 experimental periods separated by a washout period (minimum of 7 days), dogs were randomly assigned to receive naloxone IN (4 mg via a commercially available fixed-dose naloxone atomizer; mean ± SD dose, 0.

Effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective blinded, single-observer, randomized crossover experimental study.

Animals: Six adult (age 6.