Immunopathogenesis of the feline atopic syndrome.

Background: Feline diseases of possible allergic origin with similar clinical phenotypes can have a varied underlying pathogenesis. Clinical phenotype, precise aetiology and underlying immunopathogenesis all need to be considered if advances in this neglected area of dermatology are to be made.

Objectives: To document the status of research into the immunopathogenesis of the diseases that fall within the spectrum of the feline atopic syndrome (FAS ), to summarize the conclusions, identify the limitations and recommend future research directions.

Feline allergic diseases: introduction and proposed nomenclature.

Background: Feline allergic diseases present as challenging problems for clinicians, not least because of the number of reaction patterns of the feline skin, none of which are specific for allergy. Furthermore, there is some controversy over the nomenclature that should be used in their description.

Objectives: To review the literature, assess the status of knowledge of the topic and the extent to which these diseases could be categorized as atopic in nature, and make recommendations concerning nomenclature.

Treatment of the feline atopic syndrome - a systematic review.

Background: Feline allergic skin disease and asthma occur regularly in small animal practice.

Objectives: To provide evidence-based recommendations for small animal practitioners on the treatment of feline atopic syndrome (FAS).

Methods And Materials: The authors reviewed the literature available before February 2020, prepared a detailed evidence-based literature review and made recommendations based on the evaluated evidence.

Observation and Measurement of Forward Proton Scattering in Association with Lepton Pairs Produced via the Photon Fusion Mechanism at ATLAS.

The observation of forward proton scattering in association with lepton pairs (e^{+}e^{-}+p or μ^{+}μ^{-}+p) produced via photon fusion is presented. The scattered proton is detected by the ATLAS Forward Proton spectrometer, while the leptons are reconstructed by the central ATLAS detector. Proton-proton collision data recorded in 2017 at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13  TeV are analyzed, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 14.

Search for Heavy Resonances Decaying into a Photon and a Hadronically Decaying Higgs Boson in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter presents a search for the production of new heavy resonances decaying into a Higgs boson and a photon using proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb^{-1}. The analysis is performed by reconstructing hadronically decaying Higgs boson (H→bb[over ¯]) candidates as single large-radius jets.

Feasibility of an mHealth self-management intervention for children and adolescents with sickle cell disease and their families.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy that leads to blood vessel occlusion and multiorgan complications, including pain, that may be experienced daily. Symptom management often begins at home, and tools are needed to support self-management strategies that can be implemented by children with SCD and families. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of the mHealth self-management intervention (application) Voice Crisis Alert V2 for children with SCD and families.

Indicators of Secretory Activation in Mothers of Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Infants.

Background: Inconsistent information exists regarding indicators of secretory activation in mothers delivering very low birth weight infants.

Research Aims: To compare time to the onset of secretory activation using three separate indicators. A secondary aim examined the association between indicators of secretory activation and milk production.

Association of birth mode of delivery with infant faecal microbiota, potential pathobionts, and short chain fatty acids: a longitudinal study over the first year of life.

Objective: Caesarean section (CS) interrupts mother-to-newborn microbial transfer at birth. Beyond the neonatal period, the impact of CS on offspring gut microbiota and their short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) remains unclear. Here, we examine birth delivery mode (CS versus vaginal delivery) with the infant gut microbiota and faecal SCFAs measured 3 and 12 months after birth.

Intraoperative Oxygen Concentration and Neurocognition after Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Despite evidence suggesting detrimental effects of perioperative hyperoxia, hyperoxygenation remains commonplace in cardiac surgery. Hyperoxygenation may increase oxidative damage and neuronal injury leading to potential differences in postoperative neurocognition. Therefore, this study tested the primary hypothesis that intraoperative normoxia, as compared to hyperoxia, reduces postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older patients having cardiac surgery.

A Blueprint for Creating Mentored, Collaborative Networks for Early-Career Physician-Scientists.

Objectives: The objective is to improve the high-quality collaborative research of early-career investigators, the American Urogynecologic Society/Pelvic Floor Disorders Foundation funded and developed the Junior Faculty Research Network (JFRN). The purpose of this report is to describe the process of development of the network, discuss barriers, acknowledge accomplishments, and provide a framework for future collaborations.

Methods: The development of the JFRN provided sponsorship and mentorship, supported collaboration, and created a network structure for early-career investigators.

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Universal Cystoscopy at the Time of Benign Laparoscopic Hysterectomy.

Study Objective: To estimate the rate of lower urinary tract injury (LUTI) and percentage of LUTI needing to be recognized intraoperatively to make universal cystoscopy cost-effective and cost-saving during laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Design: A decision tree model was used to estimate the costs and quality-adjusted life years associated with delayed or intraoperative recognition of LUTI at the time of laparoscopic hysterectomy. Probabilities and utilities were estimated from published literature.

A Mixed-Methods Study to Investigate Barriers and Enablers to Nurses' Implementation of Nonpharmacological Interventions for Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Background: The incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome has increased significantly as a result of the opioid epidemic. A lengthy hospitalization is often required to treat the infant's withdrawal symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of factors that influence nurses' implementation of nonpharmacological interventions for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome is needed.

Changes in Care Delivery for Children With Sickle Cell Anemia During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Specialty care for children with sickle cell disease (SCD) may be disrupted during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Our DISPLACE consortium includes 28 pediatric SCD centers.

Methods: In May 2020, we surveyed the consortium on the impact of COVID-19 on their practice focusing on transcranial Doppler ultrasound, chronic red cell transfusions, telehealth, and COVID-19 testing.

Psychosocial functioning in veterans with combat-related PTSD: An evolutionary concept analysis.

Veterans returning from combat have a greater risk for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and greater severity of psychosocial functioning impairment. Previous research has demonstrated the strong association between PTSD and psychosocial functioning impairment. Psychosocial functioning is an ambiguous term often used in literature to discuss PTSD-associated consequences, intervention response, and symptom progression.

Associations between governor political affiliation and COVID-19 cases, deaths, and testing in the United States.

Introduction: The response to the COVID-19 pandemic became increasingly politicized in the United States (US) and political affiliation of state leaders may contribute to policies affecting the spread of the disease. This study examined differences in COVID-19 infection, death, and testing by governor party affiliation across 50 US states and the District of Columbia.

Methods: A longitudinal analysis was conducted in December 2020 examining COVID-19 incidence, death, testing, and test positivity rates from March 15 through December 15, 2020.

Dijet Resonance Search with Weak Supervision Using sqrt[s]=13 TeV pp Collisions in the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter describes a search for narrowly resonant new physics using a machine-learning anomaly detection procedure that does not rely on signal simulations for developing the analysis selection. Weakly supervised learning is used to train classifiers directly on data to enhance potential signals. The targeted topology is dijet events and the features used for machine learning are the masses of the two jets.

Demographic, Social, and Personal Factors Associated With Lactation Cessation by 6 Weeks in Mothers of Very Low Birth Weight Infants.

Background: Although mother's own milk decreases prematurity-associated morbidities, mothers of infants born preterm and very low birth weight experience a significantly shorter lactation duration. Little is known regarding factors associated with lactation cessation during the hospitalization of a very low birth weight infant.

Research Aim: To determine demographic, social, and personal factors associated with lactation cessation by 6-weeks postpartum in mothers delivering very low birth weight infants.

Ethnicity Differences in Sleep Changes Among Prehypertensive Adults Using a Smartphone Meditation App: Dose-Response Trial.

Background: African Americans (AAs) experience greater sleep quality problems than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). Meditation may aid in addressing this disparity, although the dosage levels needed to achieve such benefits have not been adequately studied. Smartphone apps present a novel modality for delivering, monitoring, and measuring adherence to meditation protocols.

Structural Aspects of the Allergen-Antibody Interaction.

The development of allergic disease involves the production of IgE antibodies upon allergen exposure in a process called sensitization. IgE binds to receptors on the surface of mast cells and basophils, and subsequent allergen exposure leads to cross-linking of IgE antibodies and release of cell mediators that cause allergy symptoms. Although this process is quite well-understood, very little is known about the epitopes on the allergen recognized by IgE, despite the importance of the allergen-antibody interaction for the allergic response to occur.

Spatial and temporal trends in social vulnerability and COVID-19 incidence and death rates in the United States.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that socially vulnerable communities are at higher risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks in the United States. However, no prior studies have examined temporal trends and differential effects of social vulnerability on COVID-19 incidence and death rates. The purpose of this study was to examine temporal trends among counties with high and low social vulnerability and to quantify disparities in these trends over time.

Mixture Analyses of Air-sampled Pollen Extracts Can Accurately Differentiate Pollen Taxa.

The daily pollen forecast provides crucial information for allergic patients to avoid exposure to specific pollen. Pollen counts are typically measured with air samplers and analyzed with microscopy by trained experts. In contrast, this study evaluated the effectiveness of identifying the component pollens using the metabolites extracted from an air-sampled pollen mixture.

Mapping Human Monoclonal IgE Epitopes on the Major Dust Mite Allergen Der p 2.

IgE Abs drive the symptoms of allergic disease upon cross-linking allergens on mast cells or basophils. If the IgE binding sites on the allergens could be identified, it may be useful for creating new forms of immunotherapy. However, direct knowledge of the human IgE (hIgE) epitopes is limited because of the very low frequency of IgE-producing B cells in blood.

Practice patterns for neuroimaging and transfusion therapy for management of neurologic complications in sickle cell anemia: DISPLACE consortium.

Background: Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are at risk for neurologic complications (stroke and silent cerebral infarct). The 2014 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) guidelines for sickle cell disease include recommendations for initiation and maintenance of chronic red cell transfusion (CRCT) therapy for children with SCA at risk for or with ischemic stroke. The guidelines do not include well-delineated recommendations for cerebral imaging for stroke screening.