Optimization of solid oral dosage form administration to patients with swallowing difficulties: An integrative review.

Aim: To appraise and synthesize research investigating optimizing the administration of solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) to adults with swallowing difficulties.

Design: An integrative review.

Methods: An electronic search was conducted on Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Public Medline interface), Elsevier SciVerse Scopus and Scientific Electronic Library Online (updated February 2023).

Solid Oral Dosage Forms Use in Adults with Neurological Disorders and Swallowing Difficulties: A Scoping Review.

Swallowing difficulties affects the deglutition of solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) and it is a common problem among neurological disorders. Interventions may improve the use of SODFs in healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to map the available research about the interventions aiming the effective and safe use of SODFs in adults with neurological disorders and swallowing difficulties and to identify potential literature gaps in this scientific field.

Risk assessment of patient falls while taking medications ordered in a teaching hospital.

Objective: to stratify prescribed medication in a fall risk scale, identifying subgroups of drugs and inpatient units with higher risk of falls.

Method: retrospective study on prescription order forms given by medical clinic, surgical clinic, and general intensive care unit. Risk factors under consideration: 1) orthostatic hypotension; 2) arterial hypotension; 3) arterial hypertension; 4) bradycardia; 5) psychomotor agitation; 6) mental confusion; 7) dizziness; 8) drowsiness/sedation; 9) reduced eyesight; 10) seizures; 11) atonia/dystonia/muscle weakness; 12) hypoglycemia; 13) urgent urination and 14) urgent defecation/diarrhea.

Permanent, 3-stage, 4-vessel occlusion as a model of chronic and progressive brain hypoperfusion in rats: a neurohistological and behavioral analysis.

Permanent, 3-stage, 4-vessel occlusion (4-VO) was evaluated as a practicable model of progressive, cerebral hypoperfusion in rats, resulting in quantifiable, reproducible, neuronal damage within a time interval shorter than that described in the 2-VO model. The effect of permanent and graded 4-VO on cognition was also evaluated using the newly developed, aversive radial maze. The vertebral arteries (VA) plus the common carotid arteries (CCA) or internal carotid arteries (ICA) were progressively and permanently occluded, following different experimental sequences (CCA--> VA; VA-->CCA-->CCA or VA-->ICA-->ICA) with inter-stage intervals ranging from 1 to 4 weeks.