Publications by authors named "Carolina Hernandez Castro"

Introduction: Giardiosis remains one of the most prevalent enteric parasitic infections globally. Earlier molecular-based studies conducted in Egypt have primarily focused on paediatric clinical populations and most were based on single genotyping markers. As a result, there is limited information on the frequency and genetic diversity of infections in individuals of all age groups.

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We report the draft genome sequences of four strains isolated from the stools of four patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) in Medellín, Colombia. These genomes represent an important addition to the limited number of genomes of strains originating from CRC patients currently available.

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Gastrointestinal protist (GP) and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections cause significant morbidity among children in poor-resource settings of tropical and sub-tropical countries including Colombia. Few prospective transversal studies investigating how GP and STH infections affect growth development and nutritional status during childhood have been conducted in this country, none of them in the Antioquia Department. This microscopy-based study estimated the prevalence of GP and helminth (including STH) infections in faecal samples from schoolchildren (n = 384) collected during April-May 2019 in three municipalities of the Antioquia Department.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pet dogs and cats provide health benefits to their owners but can spread zoonotic infections if not properly cared for.
  • A study in Spain found that nearly half of the sampled dogs (48.8%) and cats (48.6%) were infected with intestinal parasites, with Giardia duodenalis being common in dogs and several species affecting cats.
  • The research emphasizes the importance of hygiene, regular veterinary care to prevent infections, and warns vulnerable populations against interacting with symptomatic puppies and kittens.
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Introduction: Domestic dogs and cats can be a source of human infection by a wide diversity of zoonotic pathogens including parasites. Genotyping and subtyping tools are useful in assessing the true public health relevance of canine and feline infections by these pathogens. This study investigated the occurrence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of common diarrhea-causing enteric protist parasites in household dogs and cats in Egypt, a country where this information is particularly scarce.

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Blastocystis sp. is among the most frequent intestinal protists identified in humans globally. However, characterization of Blastocystis subtype diversity in humans is ongoing.

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Introduction: Few studies have investigated the occurrence of microeukaryotic gut parasites in dromedary camels in Egypt, and the majority of these investigations are based on microscopic analysis of fecal material.

Methods: Herein, we assessed the occurrence, molecular diversity, and zoonotic potential of protozoan ( spp. and ) and microsporidian () pathogens in individual fecal samples ( = 102) of dromedary camels with ( = 26) and without ( = 76) diarrhea from Aswan Governorate, Upper Egypt.

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Microsporidia are fungi-related eukaryotic intracellular parasites that opportunistically infect immunocompromised individuals such as those infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among them, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. are the most clinically relevant species.

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Wild lagomorphs including rabbits and hares can act as natural carriers or reservoirs of bacterial and parasitic zoonotic diseases. However, little is known on the epidemiology and potential public health significance of intestinal eukaryotes in wild leporids. We examined faecal samples from European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n = 438) and Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis, n = 111) collected in the Autonomous Region of Andalusia in southern Spain during 2012-2021.

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Article Synopsis
  • Common intestinal parasites like Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis sp. were studied in 125 toddlers at public day-care centers in Central Spain over a year, with a total of 679 stool samples collected.* -
  • Detection methods included PCR and Sanger sequencing, revealing a prevalence of G. duodenalis (2.5‒31.6%) and Blastocystis sp. (2.5‒6.4%), with stable infections observed for up to 10 months for G. duodenalis and 12 months for Blastocystis sp.* -
  • The research highlights a lack of understanding regarding the long-term presence and implications of these parasites in asymptomatic children, emphasizing the
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  • Cryptosporidiosis is a major cause of diarrhea in children, mainly caused by two species: Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum.
  • A case study describes a 22-month-old toddler who contracted Cryptosporidium wrairi, linked to poor hygiene and close contact with a pet guinea pig.
  • This report is significant as it's the first time C. wrairi has been identified in a human, indicating potential zoonotic transmission.
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Micromammals have historically been recognized as highly contentious species in terms of the maintenance and transmission of zoonotic pathogens to humans. Limited information is currently available on the epidemiology and potential public health significance of intestinal eukaryotes in wild micromammals. We examined 490 faecal samples, grouped into 155 pools, obtained from 11 micromammal species captured in 11 Spanish provinces for the presence of DNA from Cryptosporidium spp.

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Preservation and conservation of biological specimens, including faecal samples, is a challenge in remote areas or poor-resource settings where the cold chain cannot be maintained. This study aims at evaluating the suitability of filter cards for long-term storage of faecal samples of animal and human origin positive to the diarrhoea-causing protozoan parasites, and . Three commercially available Whatman Filter Cards were comparatively assessed: the FTA Classic Card, the FTA Elute Micro Card, and the 903 Protein Saver Card.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, nutritional status, and anemia among Colombian school children aged 7 to 10, highlighting the need for updated data after 30 years to inform public health policies.
  • A national survey collected stool samples from 6,045 children across eight provinces, revealing a combined STH prevalence of 29.6%, with T. trichiura being the most common type of helminth.
  • The findings indicate a moderate risk of STH infections in Colombia, with significant regional differences, suggesting the need for targeted deworming and control strategies based on local conditions.
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Among primates, the Neotropical Callitrichid monkeys (tamarins and marmosets) exhibit a particular ability to adapt to disturbed and urbanized environments. However, little is known about physiological and health status in contrasting ecological contexts. An example of adaptation to urban environments is the white-footed tamarin (Saguinus leucopus), an endangered species endemic to the central Andes in North West Colombia.

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