A Comparison of Dobutamine, Norepinephrine, Vasopressin, and Hetastarch for the Treatment of Isoflurane-Induced Hypotension in Healthy, Normovolemic Dogs.

Isoflurane is a commonly used inhalation anesthetic in species undergoing veterinary care that induces hypotension, impacting organ perfusion, making it imperative to minimize its occurrence or identify effective strategies for treating it. This study evaluated and compared the hemodynamic effects of DOB, NEP, VAS, and HES in twelve isoflurane-anesthetized Beagle dogs. The order of the first three treatments was randomized.

Evaluation of Electrical Cardiometry for Measuring Cardiac Output and Derived Hemodynamic Variables in Comparison with Lithium Dilution in Anesthetized Dogs.

Numerous cardiac output (CO) technologies were developed to replace the 'gold standard' pulmonary artery thermodilution due to its invasiveness and the risks associated with it. Minimally invasive lithium dilution (LiD) shows excellent agreement with thermodilution and can be used as a reference standard in animals. This study evaluated CO via noninvasive electrical cardiometry (EC) and acquired hemodynamic variables against CO measured using LiD in six healthy, anesthetized dogs administered different treatments (dobutamine, esmolol, phenylephrine, and high-dose isoflurane) impacting CO values.

Agreement of cardiac output measurements by esophageal Doppler and transesophageal echocardiography with intermittent pulmonary artery thermodilution during pharmacologic manipulation of hemodynamics in anesthetized dogs.

Objective: To compare cardiac output (CO) measurements by transesophageal echocardiography (TEECO) and esophageal Doppler monitor (EDMCO) with pulmonary artery thermodilution (PATDCO) in anesthetized dogs subjected to pharmacological interventions. The effect of treatments on EDM-derived indexes was also investigated.

Animals: 6 healthy male dogs (10.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intramuscular dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine after IM administration in dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy adult purpose-bred dogs (3 males, 3 females) with a mean ± SD body weight of 25.2 ± 1.

Risk of anesthesia-related complications in draft horses: a retrospective, single-center analysis.

Objective: To report anesthetic-related complications and determine risks associated with anesthesia in draft horses.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: A total of 401 anesthetic records for draft horse breeds that underwent general anesthesia from January 2010 through December 2020 were reviewed; horses euthanized during general anesthesia were excluded.

Evaluation of perfusion index as a noninvasive tool to determine epidural anesthesia effectiveness in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate perfusion index (PI) as a noninvasive tool to determine effectiveness and onset of epidural anesthesia in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective clinical trial.

Animals: A total of 21 adult dogs, aged 6.

Effects of a priming dose of alfaxalone on the total anesthetic induction dose for and cardiorespiratory function of sedated healthy cats.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a priming dose of alfaxalone on the total anesthetic induction dose for and cardiorespiratory function of sedated healthy cats.

Animals: 8 healthy adult cats.

Procedures: For this crossover study, cats were sedated with dexmedetomidine and methadone administered IM.

Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of IM administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Animals: 6 young healthy mixed-breed hounds.

Procedures: Dogs received each of 3 treatments (alfaxalone [2 mg/kg] and butorphanol [0.

Effect of oral administration of gabapentin on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of oral administration of gabapentin (20 mg/kg) on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy adult dogs (3 males and 3 females with a mean ± SD body weight of 24.8 ± 1.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of oral transmucosal and intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine in dogs.

Objective: To determine pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the injectable formulation of dexmedetomidine administered via the oral transmucosal (OTM) route to healthy dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy dogs.

Procedures: Injectable dexmedetomidine was administered IV (5 μg/kg) or via the OTM route (20 μg/kg) in a blinded, single-observer, randomized crossover study.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intranasal and intravenous naloxone hydrochloride administration in healthy dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of naloxone hydrochloride in dogs following intranasal (IN) and IV administration.

Animals: 6 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs.

Procedures: In a blinded crossover design involving 2 experimental periods separated by a washout period (minimum of 7 days), dogs were randomly assigned to receive naloxone IN (4 mg via a commercially available fixed-dose naloxone atomizer; mean ± SD dose, 0.

Effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of oral trazodone on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in dogs.

Study Design: Prospective blinded, single-observer, randomized crossover experimental study.

Animals: Six adult (age 6.