Pre-operative DNA methylation marks as predictors of weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy.

Introduction: Although DNA methylation has been suggested to be a potential predictor of the progression of obesity and obesity-related diseases, little is known about its potential role as predictive marker of successful weight loss after bariatric surgery.

Material And Methods: 20 patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy were classified according to the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) 1 year after bariatric surgery, using 60% as the cut-off point. Blood DNA methylation was analyzed prior to surgery using the Infinium Methylation EPIC Bead Chip array-based platform.

Weight Loss After Sleeve Gastrectomy According to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Stage in Patients with Obesity: A Liver Biopsy-Based Prospective Study.

Background: The role of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in sleeve gastrectomy (SG)-related outcomes remains uncertain. In this study, we aimed to assess the influence of preoperative biopsy-proven MASLD and its stages on weight loss after SG.

Methods: One hundred sixty-three patients with obesity undergoing SG with concomitant intraoperative liver biopsy were followed up for 1 year.

Differences in DNA Methylation in Genes Involved in Vitamin D Metabolism Are Related to Insulin Requirement in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

In a previous study performed by our group, pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes (GDM) showed higher vitamin D (VitD) levels in the last trimester, particularly in those requiring insulin. This phenomenon was not linked to factors like season or supplementation. This study aimed to investigate if insulin treatment in GDM affects DNA methylation in VitD metabolism genes.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with morbid obesity: the gut microbiota axis as a potential pathophysiology mechanism.

Background/aim: Alterations in gut microbiota are associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The aim of this study was to evaluate gut microbiota composition and functionality in patients with morbid obesity with different degrees of MAFLD, as assessed by biopsy.

Subjects/methods: 110 patients with morbid obesity were evaluated by biopsy obtained during bariatric surgery for MAFLD.

Epigenetic Marks as Predictors of Metabolic Response to Bariatric Surgery: Validation from an Epigenome Wide Association Study.

Little is known about the potential role of epigenetic marks as predictors of the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities after bariatric surgery. In this study, 20 patients were classified according to the metabolic improvement observed 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy, based on the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, into responders if metabolic syndrome reversed after bariatric surgery ( = 10) and non-responders if they had metabolic syndrome bariatric surgery ( = 10). Blood DNA methylation was analyzed at both study points using the Infinium Methylation EPIC Bead Chip array-based platform.

Epigenetic marks associated with gestational diabetes mellitus across two time points during pregnancy.

An adverse intrauterine or periconceptional environment, such as hyperglycemia during pregnancy, can affect the DNA methylation pattern both in mothers and their offspring. In this study, we explored the epigenetic profile in maternal peripheral blood samples through pregnancy to find potential epigenetic biomarkers for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as well as candidate genes involved in GDM development. We performed an epigenome-wide association study in maternal peripheral blood samples in 32 pregnant women (16 with GDM and 16 non-GDM) at pregnancy week 24-28 and 36-38.

Higher β cell death in pregnant women, measured by DNA methylation patterns of cell-free DNA, compared to new-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes subjects: a cross-sectional study.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of glucose homeostasis in which β cell destruction occurs silently and is detected mainly when symptoms appear. In the last few years, it has emerged a great interest in developing markers capable of detecting pancreatic β cell death focused on improving early diagnosis and getting a better treatment response, mainly in type 1 diabetes. But other types of diabetes would also benefit from early detection of β cell death.

Epigenome wide association study in peripheral blood of pregnant women identifies potential metabolic pathways related to gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of developing metabolic disorders in both pregnant women and their offspring. Factors such as nutrition or the intrauterine environment may play an important role, through epigenetic mechanisms, in the development of GDM. The aim of this work is to identify epigenetic marks involved in the mechanisms or pathways related to gestational diabetes.

Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia are predictive factors associated with type 2 diabetes persistence after metabolic surgery: A prospective study.

Background: Metabolic surgery is the most effective therapeutic strategy for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Several preoperative clinical factors have been associated with T2DM remission after metabolic surgery. However, other potential predictors remain unexplored.

Insulin Requirement for Gestational Diabetes Control Is Related to Higher Vitamin D Levels up to 1 Year Postpartum: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in pregnant women and has been related to a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of this study is to analyze vitamin D status evolution in a population of pregnant women with and without GDM. Two-hundred women were included from January 2019 to February 2022 as follows: Control group -CG-, Lifestyle group -LG- (GDM not requiring insulin), and Insulin group -IG- (GDM requiring insulin).

Ambient air pollution and thyroid function in Spanish adults. A nationwide population-based study (Di@bet.es study).

Background: Recent reports have suggested that air pollution may impact thyroid function, although the evidence is still scarce and inconclusive. In this study we evaluated the association of exposure to air pollutants to thyroid function parameters in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain.

Methods: The Di@bet.

EVOO Promotes a Less Atherogenic Profile Than Sunflower Oil in Smooth Muscle Cells Through the Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Endothelial Cells.

Background: Little is known about the effect of extra virgin olive (EVOO) and sunflower oil (SO) on the composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by endothelial cells and the effects of these EVs on smooth muscle cells (SMCs). These cells play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis.

Methods: We evaluated the effects of endothelial cells-derived EVs incubated with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins obtained after a high-fat meal with EVOO (EVOO-EVs) and SO (SO-EVs), on the transcriptomic profile of SMCs.

Effect of Moderate Consumption of Different Phenolic-Content Beers on the Human Gut Microbiota Composition: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

The moderate consumption of beer has been associated with positive effects on health, and these benefits are driven, in part, by the antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds found in this beverage. However, the potential impact of beer polyphenols on the human gut microbiome and their consequences are yet to be elucidated. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effect of three different phenolic-content beers on the gut microbiome and the potential role of the induced shifts in the antioxidant capacity of beer polyphenols.

Predictive Role of Gut Microbiota in Weight Loss Achievement after Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Bariatric surgery induces changes in gut microbiota that have been suggested to contribute to weight loss and metabolic improvement. However, whether preoperative gut microbiota composition could predict response to bariatric surgery has not yet been elucidated.

Study Design: Seventy-six patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy were classified according to the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) 1 year after surgery in the responder group: >50%EWL (n=50) and the nonresponder group: <50%EWL (n=26).

Metformin action over gut microbiota is related to weight and glycemic control in gestational diabetes mellitus: A randomized trial.

Background: Metformin, which is known to produce profound changes in gut microbiota, is being increasingly used in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of this study was to elucidate the differences in gut microbiota composition and function in women with GDM treated with metformin compared to those treated with insulin.

Methods: From May to December 2018, 58 women with GDM were randomized to receive insulin (INS; n = 28) or metformin (MET; n = 30) at the University Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.

Oxidized LDL Increase the Proinflammatory Profile of Human Visceral Adipocytes Produced by Hypoxia.

Background: Little is known about the effects of hypoxia on scavenger receptors (SRs) levels in adipocytes. We analyzed the effect of morbid obesity and hypoxia on SRs and inflammation markers in human visceral adipocytes and whether ox-LDL modify the inflammatory profile produced by hypoxia.

Methods: We studied in 17 non-obese and 20 subjects with morbid obesity (MO) the mRNA expression of HIF-1α, SRs (LOX-1, MSR1, CL-P1 and CXCL16), IL6 and TNFα in visceral adipocytes and the effect of hypoxia with or without ox-LDL on visceral in vitro-differentiated adipocytes (VDA).

Impact of the Gestational Diabetes Diagnostic Criteria during the Pandemic: An Observational Study.

Objective: To analyze the effect of applying alternative diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the COVID-19 pandemic on GDM prevalence and obstetrical and perinatal outcomes, in comparison to usual diagnostic approaches.

Methods: Data from women referred to GDM diagnosis from 1 September to 30 November 2019 were retrospectively collected (2019-group). The same data from the same period in 2020 were prospectively collected (2020-group).

Epigenetic Biomarkers of Transition from Metabolically Healthy Obesity to Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity Phenotype: A Prospective Study.

Background: Identifying those parameters that could potentially predict the deterioration of metabolically healthy phenotype is a matter of debate. In this field, epigenetics, in particular DNA methylation deserves special attention.

Results: The aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term evolution of methylation patterns in a subset of metabolically healthy subjects in order to search for epigenetic markers that could predict the progression to an unhealthy state.

An alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin modulates gut microbiome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity: a pilot study.

We aimed to study the effect of consuming an alcohol-free beer with modified carbohydrates composition (almost completely eliminating maltose and adding isomaltulose (16.5 g day) and resistant maltodextrin (5.28 g day)) in gut microbiome, compared to regular alcohol-free beer in subjects with T2DM or prediabetes and overweight/obesity.

Different Weight Loss Intervention Approaches Reveal a Lack of a Common Pattern of Gut Microbiota Changes.

Options for treatment of obesity include dietary approaches and bariatric surgery. Previous studies have shown that weight loss interventions have an impact on gut microbiota. However, a pattern of gut microbiota changes associated with weight loss independently of the type of intervention has not been described yet.