Higher Magnesium Intake Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Frailty in Older Adults.

Objectives: Magnesium deficiency is common in older adults and has been associated with reduced muscle functionality and several age-related diseases. Evidence of its relationship with frailty is scarce. We aimed to explore the association of magnesium intake with incident frailty in the Seniors-ENRICA-1 cohort.

Snapshot of knowledge and stigma toward mental health disorders and treatment in Spain.

Background: Mental disorders significantly impact individuals and societies globally. Addressing societal stigma is crucial, as it affects help-seeking behaviors and the effectiveness of treatment for mental disorders.

Objective: This study aims to explore the knowledge and perceptions of the Spanish population toward mental disorders and their treatment, assess changes in mental health stigma over time, and examine variations across sociodemographic variables by comparing current results with previous studies.

The Fate of Phosphate: Assessing Dietary Intake and Urinary Excretion in Swedish Adolescents.

Background: A high total phosphorus (P) intake has been proposed to promote endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. A diet rich in foods containing P additives could contribute to an excessive intake, potentially reflected as increased concentration of P in urine.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the intake of total dietary P, P additives, and its sources and examine their correlation with urinary P in a cross-sectional national study in Swedish adolescents.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and fetal growth: A nation-wide register-based study on PFAS in drinking water.

Background: There is inconclusive evidence for an association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and fetal growth.

Objectives: We conducted a nation-wide register-based cohort study to assess the associations of the estimated maternal exposure to the sum (PFAS4) of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) with birthweight as well as risk of small- (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA).

Materials And Methods: We included all births in Sweden during 2012-2018 of mothers residing ≥ four years prior to partus in localities served by municipal drinking water where PFAS were measured in raw and drinking water.

Less Favorable Nutri-Score Consumption Ratings Are Prospectively Associated with Abdominal Obesity in Older Adults.

Nutri-Score is a front-of-package (FOP) labeling designed to assist consumers in selecting healthier options at the point of purchase and ultimately enhance their health. This study aims to evaluate the association between the Nutri-Score system and incident abdominal obesity (AO) in community-dwelling older adults. A prospective cohort of 628 individuals aged ≥ 60 were recruited in Spain between 2008-2010 and were reexamined between 2015-2017.

Association of a healthy beverage score with total mortality in the adult population of Spain: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Despite the substantial evidence of the relationship between diet and mortality, the role of beverage consumption patterns is not well known. The aim of this study was to assess the association of the adherence to a Healthy Beverage Score (HBS) and all-cause mortality in a representative sample of the Spanish adult population.

Methods And Findings: We conducted an observational cohort study using data from the Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk in Spain (ENRICA), which included 12,161 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥18 years recruited in 2008 to 2010 and followed until January 2022.

OMICs Signatures Linking Persistent Organic Pollutants to Cardiovascular Disease in the Swedish Mammography Cohort.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) development may be linked to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine compounds (OCs) and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). To explore underlying mechanisms, we investigated metabolites, proteins, and genes linking POPs with CVD risk. We used data from a nested case-control study on myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke from the Swedish Mammography Cohort - Clinical ( = 657 subjects).

Associations between dietary pesticide residue mixture exposure and mortality in a population-based prospective cohort of men and women.

Background: There is a concern that pesticide residues, regularly detected in foods, might pose a health risk to the consumer, but epidemiological evidence is limited. We assessed the associations between dietary exposure to a mixture of pesticide residues and mortality.

Methods: Food consumption was assessed in 68,844 participants from the Swedish Mammography Cohort and the Cohort of Swedish Men, 45-83 years at baseline (1997).

Exploring Perceptions About Paracetamol, Tramadol, and Codeine on Twitter Using Machine Learning: Quantitative and Qualitative Observational Study.

Background: Paracetamol, codeine, and tramadol are commonly used to manage mild pain, and their availability without prescription or medical consultation raises concerns about potential opioid addiction.

Objective: This study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of Twitter users concerning these drugs.

Methods: We analyzed the tweets in English or Spanish mentioning paracetamol, tramadol, or codeine posted between January 2019 and December 2020.

Metabolomic Signatures of Exposure to Nitrate and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water and Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Spanish Multicentric Study (MCC-Spain).

We investigated the metabolomic profile associated with exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) and nitrate in drinking water and with colorectal cancer risk in 296 cases and 295 controls from the Multi Case-Control Spain project. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted in blood samples using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A variety of univariate and multivariate association analyses were conducted after data quality control, normalization, and imputation.

Understanding Public Perceptions and Discussions on Opioids Through Twitter: Cross-Sectional Infodemiology Study.

Background: Opioids are used for the treatment of refractory pain, but their inappropriate use has detrimental consequences for health. Understanding the current experiences and perceptions of patients in a spontaneous and colloquial environment regarding the key drugs involved in the opioid crisis is of utmost significance.

Objective: The study aims to analyze Twitter content related to opioids, with objectives including characterizing users participating in these conversations, identifying prevalent topics and gauging public perception, assessing opinions on drug efficacy and tolerability, and detecting discussions related to drug dispensing, prescription, or acquisition.

Dietary Iron, Anemia Markers, Cognition, and Quality of Life in Older Community-Dwelling Subjects at High Cardiovascular Risk.

Anemia causes hypo-oxygenation in the brain, which could lead to cognitive disorders. We examined dietary iron intake as well as anemia markers (i.e.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and cardiometabolic diseases: A review.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of persistent and widespread environmental pollutants that represent a high concern for human health. They have been shown to be associated with several important physiological processes such as lipid metabolism and the immune system. Consequently, PFAS are suspected to play a role in cardiometabolic disease development.

US drinking water quality: exposure risk profiles for seven legacy and emerging contaminants.

Background: Advances in drinking water infrastructure and treatment throughout the 20 and early 21 century dramatically improved water reliability and quality in the United States (US) and other parts of the world. However, numerous chemical contaminants from a range of anthropogenic and natural sources continue to pose chronic health concerns, even in countries with established drinking water regulations, such as the US.

Objective/methods: In this review, we summarize exposure risk profiles and health effects for seven legacy and emerging drinking water contaminants or contaminant groups: arsenic, disinfection by-products, fracking-related substances, lead, nitrate, per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) and uranium.

Blood Levels of Organochlorine Contaminants Mixtures and Cardiovascular Disease.

Importance: Cardiovascular toxic effects derived from high exposures to individual organochlorine compounds are well documented. However, there is no evidence on low but continuous exposure to combined organochlorine compounds in the general population.

Objective: To evaluate the association of combined exposure to several organochlorine compounds, including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population.

Prepandemic personal concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and other pollutants: Specific and combined effects on the incidence of COVID-19 disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: To investigate the specific and combined effects of personal concentrations of some per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), other persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and chemical elements -measured in individuals' blood several years before the pandemic- on the development of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease in the general population.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in 240 individuals from the general population of Barcelona. PFAS, other POPs, and chemical elements were measured in plasma, serum, and whole blood samples, respectively, collected in 2016-2017.

Less favourable food consumption ratings in the Five-Color Nutri-Score are associated with incident frailty in older adults.

Background: The Nutri-Score front-of-package labelling classifies food products according to their nutritional quality, so healthier food choices are easier when shopping. This study prospectively assesses the association of a diet rated according to the Nutri-Score system and incident frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Cohort study with 1,875 individuals aged ≥60 recruited during 2008-2010 in Spain.

Urinary phosphate is associated with cardiovascular disease incidence.

Introduction: Elevated phosphate (P) in urine may reflect a high intake of inorganic P salts from food additives. Elevated P in plasma is linked to vascular dysfunction and calcification.

Objective: To explore associations between P in urine as well as in plasma and questionnaire-estimated P intake, and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Using Twitter Data Analysis to Understand the Perceptions, Beliefs, and Attitudes about Pharmacotherapy Used in Rheumatology: An Observational Study.

Twitter has become an important platform for disseminating information about rheumatology drugs by patients, health professionals, institutions, and other users. The aim of this study was to analyze tweets related to 16 drugs used in rheumatology, including their volume, content, and type of user (patients, patients' relatives, health professionals, health institutions, pharmaceutical industry, general press, scientific journals and patients' associations), and to detect inappropriate medical content. A total of 8829 original tweets were obtained, with a random sample of 25% of the total number of tweets for each drug (at least 100 tweets) analyzed.

Rationale of the association between Mediterranean diet and the risk of frailty in older adults and systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frailty is a geriatric syndrome whose frequency is increasing in parallel with population aging and is of great interest due to its dire consequences: increased disability, hospitalizations, falls and fractures, institutionalization, and mortality. Frailty is multifactorial but nutritional factors, which are modifiable, play a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Epidemiologic evidence supports that high-quality dietary patterns can prevent, delay or even reverse the occurrence of frailty.

Long-Term Exposure to Nitrate and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water and Prostate Cancer: A Multicase-Control Study in Spain (MCC-Spain).

Background: Nitrate and trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water are widespread and are potential human carcinogens.

Objective: We evaluated the association between drinking-water exposure to nitrate and THMs and prostate cancer.

Methods: During the period 2008-2013, 697 hospital-based incident prostate cancer cases (97 aggressive tumors) and 927 population-based controls were recruited in Spain, providing information on residential histories and type of water consumed.