Dog Breed and Starch Gelatinisation Correlation in Food Digestibility and Faecal Traits.

Large dog breeds commonly produce unformed faeces. The present study hypothesised that foods for large dog breeds require higher starch gelatinisation (SG) to reduce organic matter flow to colon. Fifteen Rottweilers (Ro; 49.

An overview of electrochemical biosensors used for COVID-19 detection.

This short review presents the latest advances in the field of electrochemical biosensors, focusing particularly on impedimetric biosensors for the direct measurement of analytes. As a source of study we have chosen to describe these advances in the latest global health crisis originated from the COVID-19 pandemic, initiated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this period, the necessity for swift and precise detection methods has grown rapidly due to an imminent need for the development of an analytical method to identify and isolate infected patients as an attempt to control the spreading of the disease.

pH stimulus-responsive hybrid nanoparticles: A system designed for follicular delivery of brazilian plant-derived 5-alpha-reductase enzyme inhibitors.

The 5-alpha-reductase enzyme, present in pilosebaceous units, plays a crucial role in the appearance of cutaneous hyperandrogenism manifestations (hirsutism, acne, and androgenetic alopecia). Its inhibition is an excellent strategy to reverse these conditions. Given the limitations of existing treatments, with transient effects and delayed therapeutic response, as well as the possibility of causing undesirable side effects, this study sought to develop new drug delivery systems to overcome these limitations.

Molecular weight-dependent antitumor effects of prunes-derived type I arabinogalactan on human and murine triple wild-type melanomas.

The regulation of metastasis-related cellular aspects of two structurally similar AGIs from prunes tea infusion, with different molar masses, was studied in vitro against Triple Wild-Type metastatic melanoma (TWM) from murine and human origin. The higher molar mass AGI (AGI-78KDa) induced TWMs cells death and, in murine cell line, it decreased some metastasis-related cellular processes: invasiveness capacity, cell-extracellular matrix interaction, and colonies sizes. The lower molar mass AGI (AGI-12KDa) did not induce cell death but decreased TWMs proliferation rate and, in murine cell line, it decreased cell adhesion and colonies sizes.

GLIM criteria to identify malnutrition in patients in hospital settings: A systematic review.

Malnutrition is recognized as one of the main public health problems in hospitals. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) has established a global consensus on the criteria for diagnosing malnutrition in adults in hospital settings. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the GLIM criteria as a tool to identify malnutrition in hospital settings and to compare the prevalence of malnutrition identified by GLIM criteria with that identified by other screening and/or nutrition assessment methods.

Temperature influence on NiFeMo nanoparticles magnetic properties and their viability in biomedical applications.

NiFeMo alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation in the presence of organic additives. Nanoparticles thermal evolution shows that there is a significant increase in the average size (from 28 to 60 nm), consolidating a crystalline structure of the same type as the Ni Fe phase but with lattice parameter a = 0.362 nm.

Preparation and Investigation of Thermally Annealed Zein-Propolis Electrospun Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications.

Zein, a corn-derived protein, has a variety of applications ranging from drug delivery to tissue engineering and wound healing. This work aims to develop a biocompatible scaffold for dermal applications based on thermally annealed electrospun propolis-loaded zein nanofibers. Pristine fibers' biocompatibility is determined in vitro.

Overweight and abdominal fat are associated with normal bone mineral density in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. However, nutritional risk factors for low BMD in the ulcerative colitis (UC) population are still poorly understood.

Aim: To investigate the association of anthropometric indicators and body composition with BMD in patients with UC.

MG-: A Novel Galectin-3 Ligand with Antimelanoma Properties and Adjuvant Effects to Dacarbazine.

Melanoma is a highly metastatic and rapidly progressing cancer, a leading cause of mortality among skin cancers. The melanoma microenvironment, formed from the activity of malignant cells on the extracellular matrix and the recruitment of immune cells, plays an active role in the development of drug resistance and tumor recurrence, which are clinical challenges in cancer treatment. These tumoral metabolic processes are affected by proteins, including Galectin-3 (Gal-3), which is extensively involved in cancer development.

Skin interaction, permeation, and toxicity of silica nanoparticles: Challenges and recent therapeutic and cosmetic advances.

Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) received more attention with the emergence of nanotechnology with the aim and promise of becoming innovative drug delivery systems. They have been fulfilling this objective with excellence and nowadays they play a central role in biomedical applications. New SNPs application routes are being explored such as the epidermal, dermal, and transdermal routes.

Performance of adiposity indicators in predicting metabolic syndrome in older adults.

Objective: To evaluate the association between some indicators of adiposity and markers of metabolic disorder, evaluate their performance in predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS), and identify their cutoff values among older adults, both in the overall sample and according to sex.

Methods: Cross-sectional study in 159 older men and women. MetS was defined according to the harmonized criteria.

Electrospun polyvinyl-alcohol/gum arabic nanofibers: Biomimetic platform for in vitro cell growth and cancer nanomedicine delivery.

The design of powerful in vitro cell culture platforms to support precision medicine can contribute to predict therapeutic success of cancer patients. Electrospun nanofibers applied to cell culture can mimic extracellular matrix and improve in vitro cell behavior. Here, we describe biocompatible blended polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA)/gum arabic (GA) extracellular matrix (ECM)-like nanofibers for in vitro cell cultures capable of delivering nanocomposite for desired biomedical application.

Biocompatible gum arabic-gold nanorod composite as an effective therapy for mistreated melanomas.

Advanced melanoma patients that are not included in common genetic classificatory groups lack effective and safe therapeutic options. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy show unsatisfactory results and devastating adverse effects for these called triple wild-type patients. New approaches exploring the intrinsic antitumor properties of gold nanoparticles might reverse this scenario as a safer and more effective alternative.

Comparison of calorie and nutrient intake among elderly with and without sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Sarcopenia, besides having an impact on functional capacity, has been associated with increased hospitalization and mortality, and stands out as an essential cause of disability among older people.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies comparing the calories and nutrients ingested by elderly people with and without sarcopenia.

Data Sources: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and Scielo databases were searched.

The use of bioelectrical impedance vector analysis for a nutritional evaluation of older adults in the community.

Introduction: The body composition of an older adult person is characterized by an increase in body fat, as well as by a reduction in both muscle mass and total body water. The bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) overcomes the limits imposed by bioelectrical impedance, since it only requires the resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) values, standardized by the individual's height, which makes the method more individualized and accurate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition using the BIVA of the community-living older adults, with regard to sex and body mass index (BMI) classification, and compare the results with the reference population.

In vitro biocompatibility screening of a colloidal gum Arabic-polyaniline conducting nanocomposite.

Although polyaniline (PANI) is a widely investigated conductive polymer for biological applications, studies addressing the biocompatibility of colloidal PANI dispersions are scarcely found in the literature of the area. Therefore, PANI nanoparticles stabilized by the natural polysaccharide gum Arabic (GA) were screened for their biocompatibility. The GA successfully stabilized the colloidal PANI-GA dispersions when exposed to a protein-rich medium, showing compatibility with the biological environment.

Comparison of Equations to Predict Energy Requirements With Indirect Calorimetry in Hospitalized Patients.

Background: The accuracy of methods to determine resting energy expenditure (REE) contributes toward the adequate provision of nutrition support to hospitalized patients. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is considered the gold-standard method to determine REE. The aim of this study is to evaluate the degree of agreement between the REE measured by IC (REE-IC) and REE estimated by predictive equations in intensive care unit patients.

Evaluation of Budesonide-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Thermoreversible Gels for Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: New formulations for topical treatment of ulcerative colitis with budesonide inclusion complex (BUD) and poloxamers (PL) were developed for future clinical use.

Aims: This study evaluated the efficacy of such novel formulations in a rat model of colitis.

Methods: The PL-BUD systems were prepared by direct dispersion of the complex (BUD concentration 0.

The relation between adolescents' body mass index and bone age.

Introduction: adolescents' health and nutritional status is demonstrated in the quality of their growth and development. Bone age (BA) is the skeletal development index, which reflects an individual's maturation and is considered as the best expression of human development. Poor nutritional conditions, which extend for long periods, may influence bone development, causing a delay in BA, in relation to chronological age (CA).

Therapeutic blockade of activin-A improves NK cell function and antitumor immunity.

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play a major role in immunosurveillance against tumor initiation and metastatic spread. The signals and checkpoints that regulate NK cell fitness and function in the tumor microenvironment are not well defined. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a suppressor of NK cells that inhibits interleukin-15 (IL-15)-dependent signaling events and increases the abundance of receptors that promote tissue residency.

Platelet-rich plasma lyophilization enables growth factor preservation and functionality when compared with fresh platelet-rich plasma.

Aims: To compare levels and activity of the growth factors between fresh and lyophilized platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Methods: Analysis of platelet concentration using fibroblast and human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures were compared between fresh and lyophilized PRP obtained from peripheral blood.

Results: After lyophilization, 54% of platelets were intact whereas the fresh showed no aggregation with agonists (levels under 20%).

In vitro characterization of cutaneous immunotoxicity of immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) exposed to reactive and disperse textile dyes.

Several synthetic dyes are used by textile industry for supplying the market of colored clothes. However, these chemicals have been associated with a variety of adverse human health effects, including textile dermatitis. Thus, there is a growing concern to identify textile dyes potentially as skin immunotoxicants.

Differential effects of Zincum metallicum on cell models.

Introduction: Zinc is an essential trace element necessary for life. Traditional and complementary medicines use zinc-based formulations to treat different classes of diseases. Basic research on homeopathic preparations of zinc are rare and there are a few published clinical cases describing its effects on patients.

Methylene blue reduces progression of burn and increases skin survival in an experimental rat model.

Following burn, increased nitric oxide (NO) combine with superoxide anion forming peroxynitrite. Methylene blue (MB) has NO blocking and antioxidant effects. Male Wistar rats (250g) were burned bilaterally in dorsum with a comb metal plate heated inside boiling water and applied during 30s, creating four rectangular 10×20mm full-thickness burned areas separated by three 5×20mm unburned interspaces (stasis zone).

Blood count parameters as a marker for metabolic syndrome in older adults.

Background And Aim: Blood count parameters are associated with the metabolic syndrome (MS). However, few studies have evaluated the precision of blood count components to identify MS in older adults. We evaluated the accuracy of blood count components as a screening method and a marker of MS in older adults.