Mating behavior of Pseudococcus calceolariae and Pseudococcus longispinus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): are asexual reproduction and hybridization possible?

The study of insect reproduction is important from both basic and applied perspectives, particularly in mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), because of the diversity of reproduction modes and also because they are important agricultural pests. Sex pheromone control strategies are currently being developed for many species. Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell) and Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti) are closely related species that often coexist in the same host plant.

Development of Monitoring and Mating Disruption against the Chilean Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Orchards.

The leafroller (Clarke) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a native, polyphagous, and growing pest of several fruit crops in Chile; it also has quarantine importance to several markets, thus tools for management are needed. Using synthetic pheromone compounds, we conducted field trials to optimize the blend for monitoring, and to determine the activity period of rubber septa aged under field conditions. We concluded that septa loaded with 200 μg of E11-14:OAc + 60 μg E11-14:OH allowed for efficient trap captures for up to 10 weeks.

Mating Disruption of (Maskell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) in Fruit Crops.

, the citrophilous mealybug, is a species of economic importance. Mating disruption (MD) is a potential control tool. During 2017-2020, trials were conducted to evaluate the potential of MD in an apple and a tangerine orchard.

Effect of dorsal and ventral hippocampal lesions on contextual fear conditioning and unconditioned defensive behavior induced by electrical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray.

The dorsal (DH) and ventral (VH) subregions of the hippocampus are involved in contextual fear conditioning. However, it is still unknown whether these two brain areas also play a role in defensive behavior induced by electrical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG). In the present study, rats were implanted with electrodes into the dPAG to determine freezing and escape response thresholds after sham or bilateral electrolytic lesions of the DH or VH.