Outcomes of unilateral cataract surgery in children 2-7 years of age: a comparison to surgery in toddlers and infants.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of unilateral cataract surgery in children aged 2-7 years with the outcomes reported in younger children.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent unilateral cataract surgery between the ages of 2-7 years were reviewed retrospectively. Traumatic cataracts and ectopia lentis were excluded.

Outcomes of bilateral cataract surgery in children 2-7 years of age: a comparison to surgery in toddlers and infants.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of bilateral cataract surgery in children 2-7 years of age in our institution and to compare them to the bilateral infant and toddler outcomes of the Toddler Aphakia Pseudophakia Study (TAPS) registry.

Methods: The medical records of children who underwent bilateral cataract surgery between the ages of 2 and 7 years of age with a minimum of 2 years' postoperative follow-up were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with a history of trauma or subluxated lenses were excluded.

Actual Visual Acuity Demands in the Classroom.

Purpose: To address the knowledge gap regarding the actual acuity requirements needed in typical kindergarten through grade 12 classrooms by determining an actual logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) and contrast sensitivity requirements in a sample of classrooms for kindergarten through grade 12 in New York City.

Methods: Measurements of classroom dimensions with specific attention to viewing distances were made in public and private school classrooms, at various grade levels from kindergarten through grade 12, in New York City. The dimensions of typical text shown to students on classroom smartboards and whiteboards was measured and the mean and range of logMAR values were calculated for various seating locations within the classrooms.

Neurovascular compression of the oculomotor nerve presenting with aberrant reinnervation.

Purpose: To report a case of neurovascular compression in a patient presenting with ophthalmic evidence of aberrant reinnervation.

Observation: A 68-year-old woman diagnosed with right partial third nerve palsy with aberrant regeneration. Suspicion was based on isolated clinical features of the right eye, including ptosis, upper eyelid elevation on adduction, mydriasis, exotropia, and hypotropia.

Biomechanical Analysis of Ligatures and Technique for Managing Drainage Tubes in Pediatric Glaucoma.

Purpose: Absorbable ligatures are often used with glaucoma drainage tubes to avoid early postoperative hypotony. We sought to measure the force required to ligate a drainage tube, and develop a modified technique to promote earlier release in pediatric patients, where plate encapsulation occurs more quickly than adults.

Methods: A precision digital force gauge was used to measure the tensile strength of several common ophthalmic sutures, and the necessary tensile force required to achieve tube ligation.

Securing extraocular muscles in strabismus surgery: effect of cautery on suture strength.

An experimental study was performed to evaluate quantitatively the effect of cautery on the tensile strength of sutures commonly used in strabismus surgery. This in vitro study was conducted in a controlled fashion using 6-0 polyglactin 910 suture, two different forms of cautery, and a precision digital force gauge. The results suggest that thermal electrocautery with a wire tip can substantially weaken or break 6-0 polyglactin threads only if direct contact is made, but bipolar cautery at typical ophthalmic surgical settings does not.