Correction: Anemia in tuberculosis cases: A biomarker of severity?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Anemia in tuberculosis cases: A biomarker of severity?

Introduction: Anemia is a common condition at tuberculosis diagnosis, and there is evidence that its prevalence is higher in patients with tuberculosis than in those infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and healthy controls. Information about anemia during tuberculosis diagnosis is still scarce in the Brazilian population. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of anemia in patients with tuberculosis cared for at a referral center and its association with clinical forms of tuberculosis and other characteristics of these patients.

Impact of Persistent Anemia on Systemic Inflammation and Tuberculosis Outcomes in Persons Living With HIV.

Tuberculosis (TB) is associated with systemic inflammation and anemia, which are aggravated in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Here, we characterized the dynamics of hemoglobin levels in PLWH coinfected with TB undergoing antitubercular therapy (ATT). We also examined the relationships between anemia and systemic inflammatory disturbance as well as the association between persistent anemia and unfavorable clinical outcomes.

Risk factors for increased immune reconstitution in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in tuberculosis HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naïve patients.

Background: Little is known regarding the restoration of the specific immune response after combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and anti-tuberculosis (TB) therapy introduction among TB-HIV patients. In this study, we examined the immune response of TB-HIV patients to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens to evaluate the response dynamics to different antigens over time. Moreover, we also evaluated the influence of two different doses of efavirenz and the factors associated with immune reconstitution.

T Cell Activation and Cytokine Profile of Tuberculosis and HIV-Positive Individuals during Antituberculous Treatment and Efavirenz-Based Regimens.

Introduction: The profile of immune activation markers in tuberculosis and HIV-infected patients is already known. The impact of simultaneous infections on the immune parameters is still not fully explored.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study to estimate trajectories of activated T cell subsets and the profile of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in a group of HIV-TB individuals, previously naïve for HAART, recruited from a randomized clinical trial during TB treatment and first antiretroviral therapy with efavirenz.

Optochiasmatic tuberculoma as the sole manifestation of late recurrent tuberculosis.

Brain tuberculomas account for 10-20% of space occupying brain lesions in developing countries. Most lesions are observed at time of tuberculosis diagnosis or soon after starting treatment. We herein describe a 32 year-old patient with a 14-month history of headache and progressive visual loss.

Predictors of tuberculosis treatment outcomes.

Objective: To analyze tuberculosis treatment outcomes and their predictors.

Methods: This was a retrospective longitudinal cohort study involving tuberculosis patients treated between 2004 and 2006 at the Instituto de Pesquisa Evandro Chagas, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. We estimated adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) for the predictors of treatment outcomes.

Influence of HIV infection on mortality in a cohort of patients treated for tuberculosis in the context of wide access to HAART, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Objective: To analyze the influence of HIV serostatus on mortality related to tuberculosis (TB) in the context of wide access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in a middle-income country.

Methods: Prospective cohort study including patients who started antituberculous therapy between April 2000 and July 2005 at a referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Results: Two hundred seven patients were enrolled, 106 were seropositive for HIV.