Enhanced recovery using lung tumour thermal ablation in scleroderma associated interstitial lung disease.

Image-guided thermal ablation is an alternative treatment for non-small cell lung cancer and can be performed in patients for whom general anaesthesia is not desired or contraindicated. This minimally invasive treatment is a promising approach in patients with early-stage lung cancer who are considered inoperable due to comorbidities. This short report describes an improved thermal ablation technique that considers the complexity of treating lung carcinoma in scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease.

Lung imaging methods: indications, strengths and limitations.

Imaging methods are fundamental tools to detect and diagnose lung diseases, monitor their treatment and detect possible complications. Each modality, starting from classical chest radiographs and computed tomography, as well as the ever more popular and easily available thoracic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear medicine methods, and new techniques such as photon counting computed tomography, radiomics and application of artificial intelligence, has its strong and weak points, which we should be familiar with to properly choose between the methods and interpret their results. In this review, we present the indications, strengths and main limitations of methods for chest imaging.

Discrepancy Between Achieved and Vendor-Predicted Ablation Zones in the Lung: Contributing Factors.

Purpose: Several factors are known to affect lung ablation zones. Questions remain as to why there are discrepancies between achieved and vendor-predicted ablation zones and what contributing factors can be modified to balance therapeutic effects with avoidance of complications. This retrospective study of lung tumour microwave ablation analyses day 1 post-treatment CT to assess the effects of lesion-specific and operator-dependent factors on ablation zones.

Radiomics-based decision support tool assists radiologists in small lung nodule classification and improves lung cancer early diagnosis.

Background: Methods to improve stratification of small (≤15 mm) lung nodules are needed. We aimed to develop a radiomics model to assist lung cancer diagnosis.

Methods: Patients were retrospectively identified using health records from January 2007 to December 2018.

A Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes in Patients Managed With Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the First and Second Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom.

Objectives: Early studies of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in COVID-19 have revealed similar outcomes to historical cohorts. Changes in the disease and treatments have led to differences in the patients supported on venovenous ECMO in the first and second waves. We aimed to compare these two groups in both the acute and follow-up phase.

Pulmonary hypertension: the hallmark of acute COVID-19 microvascular angiopathy?

https://bit.ly/3g7z5TV.

Persistent isolated impairment of gas transfer following COVID-19 pneumonitis relates to perfusion defects on dual-energy computed tomography.

https://bit.ly/3U6E2f5.

COVID-protected pathways for image-guided lung cancer intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort study.

Objectives: To compare the experience of COVID-protected and mixed cohort pathways in COVID-19 transmission at a tertiary referral hospital for elective CT-guided lung biopsy and ablation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: From September 2020 to August 2021, patients admitted for elective thoracic intervention were treated at a tertiary hospital (Site 1). Site 1 received patients for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and invasive ventilation in the treatment of COVID-19.

Dual-energy Computed Tomographic Pulmonary Angiography Accurately Estimates Lobar Perfusion Before Lung Volume Reduction for Severe Emphysema.

Purpose: To assess if dual-energy computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (DECTPA) derived lobar iodine quantification can provide an accurate estimate of lobar perfusion in patients with severe emphysema, and offer an adjunct to single-photon emission CT perfusion scintigraphy (SPECT-PS) in assessing suitability for lung volume reduction (LVR).

Materials And Methods: Patients with severe emphysema (forced expiratory volume in 1 s <49% predicted) undergoing evaluation for LVR between May 2018 and April 2020 imaged with both SPECT-PS and DECTPA were included in this retrospective study. DECTPA perfused blood volume maps were automatically segmented and lobar iodine mass was estimated and compared with lobar technetium (Tc99m) distribution acquired with SPECT-PS.

Pulmonary vascular involvement in COVID-19 pneumonitis: Is this the first and final insult?

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Dual-Energy CT Pulmonary Angiography (DECTPA) Quantifies Vasculopathy in Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Background: The role of dual energy computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (DECTPA) in revealing vasculopathy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has not been fully explored.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between DECTPA and disease duration, right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), lung compliance, D-dimer and obstruction index in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Materials And Methods: This institutional review board approved this retrospective study, and waived the informed consent requirement.

Prevalence of Thrombotic Complications in ICU-Treated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Detected With Systematic CT Scanning.

Objectives: Severe coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with an extensive pneumonitis and frequent coagulopathy. We sought the true prevalence of thrombotic complications in critically ill patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 on the ICU, with or without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Design: We undertook a single-center, retrospective analysis of 72 critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome admitted to ICU.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 arterial and venous thrombosis in critically ill patients: a case series.

Background: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonitis associated with severe respiratory failure carries a high mortality. Coagulopathy has emerged as a significant contributor to thrombotic complications.

Case Summary: We describe two cases of severe COVID-19 pneumonitis refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation and proning position, transferred to our specialist centre for cardiorespiratory failure.

Rescue therapy with thrombolysis in patients with severe COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with Coronavirus disease 19 is associated with an unusually high incidence of pulmonary embolism and microthrombotic disease, with evidence for reduced fibrinolysis. We describe seven patients requiring invasive ventilation for COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome with pulmonary thromboembolic disease, pulmonary hypertension ± severe right ventricular dysfunction on echocardiography, who were treated with alteplase as fibrinolytic therapy. All patients were non-smokers, six (86%) were male and median age was 56.

Imaging of Cardiac Infections: A Comprehensive Review and Investigation Flowchart for Diagnostic Workup.

Infections of the cardiovascular system may present with nonspecific symptoms, and it is common for patients to undergo multiple investigations to arrive at the diagnosis. Echocardiography is central to the diagnosis of endocarditis and pericarditis. However, cardiac computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging also play an additive role in these diagnoses; in fact, magnetic resonance imaging is central to the diagnosis of myocarditis.

Baseline Results of the West London lung cancer screening pilot study - Impact of mobile scanners and dual risk model utilisation.

Objectives: The West London lung screening pilot aimed to identify early-stage lung cancer by targeting low-dose CT (LDCT) to high risk participants. Successful implementation of screening requires maximising participant uptake and identifying those at highest risk. As well as reporting pre-specified baseline screening metrics, additional objectives were to 1) compare participant uptake between a mobile and hospital-based CT scanner and 2) evaluate the impact on cancer detection using two lung cancer risk models.

Pulmonary Angiopathy in Severe COVID-19: Physiologic, Imaging, and Hematologic Observations.

Clinical and epidemiologic data in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have accrued rapidly since the outbreak, but few address the underlying pathophysiology. To ascertain the physiologic, hematologic, and imaging basis of lung injury in severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Clinical, physiologic, and laboratory data were collated.