Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: attitudes, barriers, and practices among pediatric clinicians.

Objective: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends screening children at risk for type 2 diabetes with a fasting plasma glucose test or an oral glucose tolerance test. The purpose of this study was to describe attitudes, barriers, and practices related to type 2 diabetes screening in children among pediatric clinicians.

Methods: Pediatricians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants from a multispecialty, group practice in Eastern Massachusetts completed a mailed survey.

Effect of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) on T-helper cells when administered as an adjuvant with pneumocococcal-CRM197 conjugate vaccine in healthy toddlers.

As new vaccines are developed, novel adjuvants may play an important role in eliciting an effective immune response. We evaluated the safety and adjuvant properties of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL in 129 healthy toddlers immunized with two doses of nine-valent pneumococcal-CRM(197) protein conjugate vaccine (PCV9) combined with 10, 25, or 50 micro g of MPL with or without alum (AlPO(4)). Vaccine-specific humoral and cell-mediated responses were examined following the second dose of study vaccine.