Providing family planning counseling services for women with chronic medical conditions in an inpatient setting: A randomized feasibility trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of providing bedside family planning services to women with chronic medical conditions in the inpatient setting.

Study Design: We initiated a parallel randomized controlled trial of patients listed as female aged 18 to 44 years who were admitted to the hospital from February 2018 to May 2021 with at least one chronic medical condition associated with lower rates of contraception usage and no documentation of contraception. Patients who confirmed they were not using contraception were enrolled and randomized to one of the three arms.

The association of race/ethnicity in male breast cancer survival within similar comorbidity cohorts.

Background: Concomitant disease is associated with poor breast cancer survival in women and is more prevalent in racial/ethnic minority groups than individuals who are non-Hispanic White. The purpose of this study was to determine if race/ethnicity is associated with survival among men with breast cancer when stratifying analyses by level of comorbidity.

Methods: We used the California Cancer Registry to identify 1730 cases of men and 259,828 cases of women with breast cancer and documented Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).

Five-year outcomes after IVIG for mild cognitive impairment due to alzheimer disease.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the five-year treatment effects of a short course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer disease (AD).

Methods: Fifty subjects 50 to 84 years of age with MCI due to AD were administered 0.4 g/kg 10% IVIG or 0.

The influence of comorbidity on treatment and survival of triple-negative breast cancer.

Concomitant comorbidity is a key factor in treatment decision-making for breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine how the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) affected treatment and risk of mortality of women with TNBC, the subtype with the poorest prognosis. We accessed 20 177 cases of TNBC from the California Cancer Registry 2000-2015 with documented Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).

Does Preoperative Ostomy Education Decrease Anxiety in the New Ostomy Patient? A Quantitative Comparison Cohort Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if patients undergoing presurgical ostomy education and routine postoperative education experienced less postsurgical anxiety than patients undergoing routine preoperative education.

Design: Quantitative, prospective, comparison cohort study.

Subjects And Setting: The sample comprised 30 participants divided into 2 groups; one group received preoperative ostomy education and stoma site marking, along with postoperative ostomy education, while the other received only postoperative ostomy education.

Reduction of Amyloid in the Brain and Retina After Treatment With IVIG for Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Objective: To assess whether intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) results in a reduction in amyloid in the central nervous system (CNS).

Methods: Five subjects with MCI underwent baseline Florbetapir positron emission tomography and retinal autofluorescent imaging. All were administered IVIG (Octagam 10%) at 0.

Differences in clinicopatholgic characteristics and risk of mortality between the triple positive and ER+/PR+/HER2- breast cancer subtypes.

Purpose: This study compared the demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics and risk of mortality between the triple positive (TP) and ER+/PR+/HER2- breast cancer subtypes.

Methods: Cases of first primary female invasive TP and ER+/PR+/HER2- breast cancer were obtained from the California Cancer Registry. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare differences in factors associated with the TP versus the ER+/PR+/HER2- subtype.

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blinded, Crossover, Pilot Study of the Effects of Dextromethorphan/Quinidine for the Treatment of Neurobehavioral Symptoms in Adults with Autism.

Prior studies have demonstrated successful irritability treatment using dopaminergic antagonists in autistic patients. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effect of dextromethorphan/quinidine (DM/Q) in autistic adults (18-60 years of age). This was a randomized, blinded, crossover, study of 14 patients randomized to DM/Q or a placebo for 8 weeks, washed out for 4 weeks, then crossed over to the opposite treatment.

Assessing the Recall Rate for Screening Mammography: Comparing the Medicare Hospital Compare Dataset With the National Mammography Database.

Objective: High-quality screening mammography has been shown to substantially reduce mortality from breast cancer. Recall rate is a principal performance metric for screening mammography because it directly relates to the rate of false-positive examinations. This study aims to compare the recall rate derived using two sources-the claims-based Hospital Compare (HC) dataset from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services versus the National Mammography Database (NMD) from the American College of Radiology-to understand the implications in pay-for-performance and quality improvement activities.

The influence of marital status and race/ethnicity on risk of mortality for triple negative breast cancer.

Purpose: To assess the effect of marital status and the role of race/ethnicity on breast cancer specific mortality in women with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: The study utilized the California Cancer Registry to identify 22,812 cases of first primary female TNBC. Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier breast cancer specific survival was computed.

Safety and Observations from a Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study to Assess Use of Autologous Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells to Improve Symptoms in Children with Autism.

The aim of this exploratory study was to assess the safety and clinical effects of autologous umbilical cord blood (AUCB) infusion in children with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty-nine children 2 to 6 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of ASD participated in this randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Participants were randomized to receive AUCB or placebo, evaluated at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks, received the opposite infusion, then re-evaluated at the same time points.

Fourteen Year Follow-Up of Randomized Clinical Trials of Active Robotic-Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Active robotic total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been used clinically for over 20 years, but long-term results have never been studied. The aims of this study are to determine whether active robotic THA improves clinical outcomes and results in fewer revisions over a long-term follow-up.

Methods: Patients from 2 US Food and Drug Administration clinical trials (1994-1998 and 2001-2006) who had undergone THA using either an active robotic system or a traditional manual technique were examined to determine if any differences existed in radiographic analysis and patient pain and function using the University of California, Los Angeles; visual analog scale; Health Status Questionnaire (HSQ) pain; HSQ role physical; HSQ physical functioning; Harris pain scores; and the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores at a mean follow-up of 14 years.

Risk of mortality of node-negative, ER/PR/HER2 breast cancer subtypes in T1, T2, and T3 tumors.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess differences in breast cancer-specific mortality within tumors of the same size when breast cancer was defined using the three tumor markers estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).

Methods: We identified 104,499 cases of node-negative primary female invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry. Tumor size was categorized as T1a, T1b, T1c, T2, and T3.

Do small changes in rotation affect measurements of lower extremity limb alignment?

Background: The alignment of the lower extremity has important implications in the development of knee arthritis. The effect of incremental rotations of the limb on common parameters of alignment has not been studied. The purpose of the study was to (1) determine the standardized neutral position measurements of alignment and (2) determine the effect of rotation on commonly used measurements of alignment.

Risk factors associated with the triple-negative breast cancer subtype within four race/ethnicities.

Purpose: The ER-/PR-/HER2- or triple-negative (TNBC) subtype is more prevalent among women who are young, black, Hispanic, and of lower SES. The purpose of this study is to determine if young age and low SES are associated with TNBC within four mutually exclusive race/ethnicities.

Methods: The study identified 19,283 cases of TNBC and 89,089 of ER+/PR+/HER2- from the California Cancer Registry.

Regional Variation in Disparities in Breast Cancer Specific Mortality Due to Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Urbanization.

Purpose: Disparities in breast cancer mortality due to race/ethnicity, area socioeconomic status (SES), and urbanization have been documented. This study examined if disparities in the risk of breast cancer specific mortality due to race/ethnicity, SES, and urbanization varied within diverse regions of California.

Methods: We identified 163,569 cases of first primary female invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry diagnosed between January, 2000 and December, 2013.

Breast Cancer Mortality among Asian-American Women in California: Variation according to Ethnicity and Tumor Subtype.

Purpose: Asian-American women have equal or better breast cancer survival rates than non-Hispanic white women, but many studies use the aggregate term "Asian/Pacific Islander" (API) or consider breast cancer as a single disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of mortality in seven subgroups of Asian-Americans expressing the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) tumor marker subtypes and determine whether the risk of mortality for the aggregate API category is reflective of the risk in all Asian ethnicities.

Methods: The study included data for 110,120 Asian and white women with stage 1 to 4 first primary invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry.

Determinants of recovery from a 161-km ultramarathon.

The primary study objective was to identify determinants of short-term recovery from a 161-km ultramarathon. Participants completed 400 m runs at maximum speed before the race and on days 3 and 5 post-race, provided a post-race blood sample for plasma creatine kinase (CK) concentration, and provided lower body muscle pain and soreness ratings (soreness, 10-point scale) and overall muscular fatigue scores (fatigue, 100-point scale) pre-race and for 7 days post-race. Among 72 race finishers, soreness and fatigue had statistically returned to pre-race levels by 5 days post-race; and 400 m times at days 3 and 5 remained 26% (P = 0.

IVIG treatment of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease: a randomised double-blinded exploratory study of the effect on brain atrophy, cognition and conversion to dementia.

Objective: To determine the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on brain atrophy and cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: 50 participant 50-84 years of age with amnestic MCI were administered 0.4 g/kg 10% IVIG or 0.

The Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Racial/Ethnic Disparities among the ER/PR/HER2 Breast Cancer Subtypes.

Background. The eight ER/PR/HER2 breast cancer subtypes vary widely in demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics and survival. This study assesses the contribution of SES to the risk of mortality for blacks, Hispanics, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and American Indians when compared with white women for each ER/PR/HER2 subtype.

Disparities in the risk of the ER/PR/HER2 breast cancer subtypes among Asian Americans in California.

Background: Population-based studies of breast cancer often aggregate all Asians into a single category termed Asian/Pacific Islander (API).

Purpose: (1) Describe the demographic and clinicopathologic features of early breast cancer utilizing all eight ER/PR/HER2 subtypes among white, black, Hispanic, American Indian, seven Asian ethnicities, and the aggregate API category; (2) ascertain the risk of the ER+/PR+/HER2+, ER-/PR-/HER2-, and ER-/PR-/HER2+ subtypes when compared with the ER+/PR+/HER2- subtype, among seven Asian ethnicities versus non-Hispanic white women and (3) contrast the results with the risk of these same subtypes when using the aggregate API category.

Methods: Using the California Cancer Registry, we identified 225,441 cases of stages 1-4 first primary female invasive breast cancer.

Breast Cancer Survival Defined by the ER/PR/HER2 Subtypes and a Surrogate Classification according to Tumor Grade and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers.

Introduction. ER, PR, and HER2 are routinely available in breast cancer specimens. The purpose of this study is to contrast breast cancer-specific survival for the eight ER/PR/HER2 subtypes with survival of an immunohistochemical surrogate for the molecular subtype based on the ER/PR/HER2 subtypes and tumor grade.

Longitudinal assessment of the effect of age and experience on performance in 161-km ultramarathons.

Purpose: This work longitudinally assesses the influence of aging and experience on time to complete 161-km ultramarathons.

Methods: From 29,331 finishes by 4066 runners who had completed 3 or more 161-km ultramarathons in North America from 1974 through 2010, independent cohorts of men (n = 3,092), women (n = 717), and top-performing men (n = 257) based on age-group finish place were identified. Linear mixed-effects regression was used to assess the effects of aging and previous 161-km finish number on finish time adjusted for the random effects of runner, event, and year.

A Comparison of In-person, Telephone, and Secure Messaging for Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Support.

Unlabelled: Ongoing interaction between diabetes educators and patients is necessary for making and sustaining behavior changes essential for glycemic control and subsequently reducing the complications of diabetes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of diabetes self-management support (DSMS) delivered via telephone or secure message and to compare clinical outcomes (A1C, LDL), behavioral goal achievement, and health maintenance task completion.

Methods: In sum, 150 persons with type 2 diabetes who completed diabetes self-management education self-selected DSMS methods: 1 in-person visit (n = 47), 3 brief visits by phone (n = 44), or 3 by secure message (n = 59) through electronic health record.