Dyadic Yoga for Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemoradiation and their Family Caregivers.

Objectives: Concurrent chemoradiation to treat head and neck cancer (HNC) may result in debilitating toxicities. Targeted exercise such as yoga therapy may buffer against treatment-related sequelae; thus, this pilot RCT examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a yoga intervention. Because family caregivers report low caregiving efficacy and elevated levels of distress, we included them in this trial as active study participants.

Utilizing Artificial Intelligence and Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer to Answer Questions About Clinical Scenarios in Neuroanesthesiology.

Objective: We tested the ability of chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT), an artificial intelligence chatbot, to answer questions relevant to scenarios covered in 3 clinical guidelines, published by the Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SNACC), which has published management guidelines: endovascular treatment of stroke, perioperative stroke (Stroke), and care of patients undergoing complex spine surgery (Spine).

Methods: Four neuroanesthesiologists independently assessed whether ChatGPT could apply 52 high-quality recommendations (HQRs) included in the 3 SNACC guidelines. HQRs were deemed present in the ChatGPT responses if noted by at least 3 of the 4 reviewers.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Head and Neck Oncologic Surgery Requiring Microvascular Reconstruction.

It has been demonstrated since the 1990's that surgical outcomes can be improved through protocolized perioperative interventions. Since then, multiple surgical societies have engaged in adopting Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Societal recommendations to improve patient satisfaction, decrease the cost of interventions, and improve outcomes. In 2017, ERAS released consensus recommendations detailing the perioperative optimization of patients undergoing head and neck free flap reconstruction.

International Multi-Specialty Expert Physician Preoperative Identification of Extranodal Extension n Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients using Computed Tomography: Prospective Blinded Human Inter-Observer Performance Evaluation.

Importance: Extranodal extension (pENE) is a critical prognostic factor in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) that drives therapeutic disposition. Determination of pENE from radiological imaging has been associated with high inter-observer variability. However, the impact of clinician specialty on human observer performance of imaging-detected extranodal extension (iENE) remains poorly understood.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in head and neck oncologic surgery: Impact on return to intended oncologic therapy (RIOT) and survival.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways in head and neck cancer (HNC) have shown to improve perioperative outcomes and reduce complications. The longer term implications on adjuvant treatment and survival have not been studied. We hereby report the first study on the impact of an ERAS pathway on return to intended oncologic treatment (RIOT) and overall survival (OS) in HNC.

The joint effect of multiple health behaviors on odds of diabetes, depression.

This study examines the relationship between health determinant behaviors themselves, and their subsequent combined relationship with chronic illness (diabetes/impaired glucose regulation, depression). While numerous studies have proven the benefits of engaging in more healthy behaviors, the question has not been answered whether the effect of multiple healthy behaviors together is greater than the sum of the effects alone. The study design is cross-sectional, using data on the adult population from the 2017 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS).

Impact of Body Mass Index on Surgical Outcomes in Oncologic Microvascular Head and Neck Reconstruction.

Background: Despite increasing recognition, obesity continues to represent a major health issue for millions of people in the USA and worldwide. There is a paucity in the literature regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) on microsurgical head and neck reconstruction. The present study hypothesized that high BMI is predictive of postoperative recipient- and donor-site complications with longer operative times.

What does community resilience mean in the context of trauma-informed communities? A scoping review.

Unlabelled: Several communities are implementing trauma-informed, community-level approaches focused on addressing/preventing adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), yet most community resilience definitions from published articles are based on acute traumas. This scoping review aims to determine how community resilience is defined and operationalized within the context of chronic/complex traumas.

Methods: We performed a rigorous, comprehensive literature search using multiple databases.

Dose Matters in Evaluation of a School-Based Adolescent Sexual Health Education Program.

Background: Research on the effects of intervention dose on outcomes within adolescent sexual health education programming is lacking. Existing research on dose typically utilizes the number of sessions as a variable. In a school setting, there are scheduling limitations, student absences, and other logistical barriers that have the potential to affect the number of sessions for an intervention and, in turn, impact the efficacy of programming.

Outcomes after definitive surgery for mandibular osteoradionecrosis.

Objectives: To analyze charges, complications, survival, and functional outcomes for definitive surgery of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 76 patients who underwent segmental mandibulectomy with reconstruction from 2000 to 2009.

Results: Complications occurred in 49 (65%) patients and were associated with preoperative drainage (odds ratio [OR] 4.

COVID-19 infection and its consequences among surgical oncology patients: A systematic analysis, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

We conducted this meta-analysis to address the outcomes in cancer patients after oncologic surgery during COVID-19 pandemic. The primary endpoint was the COVID-19-related mortality rate. Higher body mass index was significantly and negatively associated with higher all-cause mortality and in-hospital COVID-19 infection rates.

Multifocal regression and pathologic response predicts recurrence after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Complete pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is a good prognostic factor. Multifocal regression post-NAC in breast cancer has proven to impact locoregional control (LRC) but has not been evaluated in HNSCC. We evaluate the impact of multifocal regression and major pathologic response (MPR) on survival indices in HNSCC.

Comparison of Resident and Faculty Screening for Social Determinants of Health in an Academic Pediatric Primary Care Practice.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDH) have an important role in children's health and development and should be investigated in pediatric well child care.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of children aged 5-17 at well visits at an urban academic pediatric primary care practice was performed. Chi-square tests of independence and z-test for proportions were used to assess differences between residents and faculty SDH screening.

Pilot Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Locoregionally Advanced, Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck.

Purpose: In locoregionally advanced, resectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (CSCC-HN), surgery followed by radiotherapy is standard but can be cosmetically and functionally devastating, and many patients will have recurrence.

Patients And Methods: Newly diagnosed or recurrent stage III-IVA CSCC-HN patients amenable to curative-intent surgery received two cycles of neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibition. The primary endpoint was ORR per RECIST 1.

Consensus of free flap complications: Using a nomenclature paradigm in microvascular head and neck reconstruction.

Background: We aim to define a set of terms for common free flap complications with evidence-based descriptions.

Methods: Clinical consensus surveys were conducted among a panel of head and neck/reconstructive surgeons (N = 11). A content validity index for relevancy and clarity for each item was computed and adjusted for chance agreement (modified kappa, K).

Implementation of a teacher-led mindfulness program in a low-income pre- and early-elementary school as part of a trauma-responsive, resilience-building community initiative.

Children living in disadvantaged communities experience higher rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) which can lead to poor health outcomes. Mindfulness has been shown to help individuals who are exposed to cumulative stress build resilience and psychological well-being. This pilot study aimed to determine teachers' perceptions of a 6-week school-based, teacher-led mindfulness program in a Gainesville, Florida pre- and early elementary low-income school.

Delay to surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma affects oncologic outcomes.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is used in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) for downstaging advanced disease and decreasing distant metastasis (DM). To the authors' knowledge, no study has specifically examined the impact of a delayed time to surgery (TTS) after NAC on oncologic outcomes. They thus aimed to identify a cutoff for TTS after NAC and its effect on survival indices.

Impact of provider type and number of providers on surveillance testing among survivors of head and neck cancers.

Background: Guidelines for follow-up after head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment recommend frequent clinical examinations and surveillance testing. Here, the authors describe real-world follow-up care for HNC survivors and variations in surveillance testing.

Methods: Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data, this study examined a population-based cohort of HNC survivors between 2001 and 2011 Usage of cross-sectional head and neck imaging (CHNI), chest imaging (CI), positron emission tomography (PET), fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscopy (FNPL), and, in irradiated patients, thyroid function testing (TFT) was captured over 2 consecutive surveillance years.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in Head and Neck Oncologic Surgery: A Case-Matched Analysis of Perioperative and Pain Outcomes.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways are well established in certain surgical specialties because findings have shown significant improvements in outcomes. Convincing literature in head and neck cancer (HNC) surgery is lacking. This study aimed to assess the effect of an ERAS pathway on National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP)-based occurrences and pain-related outcomes in HNC surgery.

Association between postoperative complications and long-term oncologic outcomes following total laryngectomy: 10-year experience at MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Background: Postoperative complications are an independent predictor of poor survival across several tumors. However, there is limited literature on the association between postoperative morbidity and long-term survival following total laryngectomy (TL) for cancer.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all TL patients at a single institution from 2008 to 2013.

Feasibility of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway for major head and neck oncologic surgery.

Objectives: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are gaining traction in the field of head and neck surgery following success in other specialties. Various institutions have reported on the feasibility of implementation and early outcomes in their centers. We report our experience of setting up an ERAS program in a high-volume tertiary cancer care center, including the challenges faced and overcome.