Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Physician-Dietitian Collaboration.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects 10%-15% of adults in the United States and 12% of the worldwide population. Gastroenterologists as well as primary care practitioners are likely to be the first resource for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. IBS is difficult to diagnose, as it is a functional GI disorder, determined after ruling out a myriad of other diagnoses.

Enteral and Parenteral Order Writing Survey-A Collaborative Evaluation Between the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' Dietitians in Nutrition Support Dietetics Practice Group and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Dietetics Practice Section.

Introduction: In 2014 and 2017, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services authorized nutrition-related ordering privileges for registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in hospital and long-term care settings, respectively. Despite this practice advancement, information describing current parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) ordering practices is lacking. Dietitians in Nutrition Support, a dietetic practice group of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Dietetics Practice Section of the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) utilized a survey to describe PN and EN ordering practices among RDNs in the United States.

Enteral and Parenteral Order Writing Survey-A Collaborative Evaluation Between the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' Dietitians in Nutrition Support Dietetics Practice Group and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Dietetics Practice Section.

Introduction: In 2014 and 2017, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services authorized nutrition-related ordering privileges for registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in hospital and long-term care settings, respectively. Despite this practice advancement, information describing current parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) ordering practices is lacking. Dietitians in Nutrition Support, a dietetic practice group of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Dietetics Practice Section of the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) utilized a survey to describe PN and EN ordering practices among RDNs in the United States.

Essential Fatty Acid Requirements and Intravenous Lipid Emulsions.

Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) must be supplied to the human body and are therefore considered essential fatty acids. This narrative review discusses the signs, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). EFAD may occur in patients with conditions that severely limit the intake, digestion, absorption, and/or metabolism of fat.

Home Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition During Natural Disasters: A Guide for Clinicians and Consumers.

Natural disasters are most often weather related but can also be unrelated to weather. Either way, these disrupt "normal" life for a short or extended period of time. When someone depends on electricity, clean water, and transportation services for life-sustaining therapies such as home nutrition support, it is important to have a plan in place-even if it is never used.

The low FODMAP diet: fundamental therapy in the management of irritable bowel syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: The low FODMAP diet is now recognized as first-line therapy for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms including abdominal pain, gas, bloating, diarrhea and or constipation. This information must be disseminated for application to clinical practice.

Recent Findings: There are many people with IBS worldwide who can benefit from following the low FODMAP diet to alleviate or minimize symptoms.

Characteristics of a Cohort of Home Parenteral Nutrition Patients at the Time of Enrollment in the Sustain Registry.

Background: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a vital lifesaving therapy for patients who are unable to maintain weight, fluid balance, nutrition, and functional status via oral or enteral nutrition alone. There are few current data sources describing HPN prevalence, patient demographics, or long-term outcomes in the United States.

Objective: To describe demographics and baseline characteristics of patients receiving HPN therapy.

A longitudinal study investigating quality of life and nutritional outcomes in advanced cancer patients receiving home parenteral nutrition.

Background: In cancer patients where gastrointestinal function is marginal and malnutrition significant enough to result in the requirement for intensive nutrition support, parenteral nutrition (PN) is indicated. This longitudinal study examined the quality of life (QoL) and nutritional outcomes in advanced cancer patients receiving home PN (HPN).

Methods: Fifty-two adult cancer patients (21 males, 31 females, average age 53 years) treated at a specialized cancer facility between April 2009 and November 2011 met criteria.

Irritable bowel syndrome: contemporary nutrition management strategies.

Irritable bowel syndrome is a complex disorder whose pathophysiology involves alterations in the enteric microbiota, visceral hypersensitivity, gut immune/barrier function, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation, neurotransmitters, stress response, psychological factors, and more. The importance of diet in the management of irritable bowel syndrome has taken center stage in recent times as the literature validates the relationship of certain foods with the provocation of symptoms. Likewise, a number of elimination dietary programs have been successful in alleviating irritable bowel syndrome symptoms.

Practice paper of the American Dietetic Association: Home care--opportunities for food and nutrition professionals.

Home care continues to expand. With this growth are opportunities for registered dietitians (RDs) to demonstrate the vital role that they play not only in providing optimal nutrition care, but also in contributing to each patient's quality of life. Home care nutrition services range from individual patient counseling to managing and monitoring parenteral nutrition.

Effects of home parenteral nutrition on resting metabolic rate: a case study.

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) measurement by indirect calorimetry is often used in acute care; however, indirect calorimetry is rarely performed on patients treated at home with complex therapies such as home parenteral nutrition (HPN). A new hand-held indirect calorimeter is now available to measure RMR and oxygen consumption (VO2). This is a case study of a 35-year-old female who had her RMR and VO2 measured at rest while receiving cyclic HPN and while off of HPN over a period of 8 days.

Predicting energy needs in obese patients.

Obesity has become an epidemic in the United States, with other western countries also reporting increases in incidence of obesity. With many associated comorbidities, it is the most common nutritional disorder facing the medical team. However, the assessment of macronutrient needs for nutrition support regimens in obese adults is controversial.

The role of nutrition in the adaptation of the small intestine after massive resection.

Background: The demonstration that weight gain, growth, and development can be achieved by supplying all essential nutrients exclusively by vein prompted the laboratory evaluation of this parenteral feeding technique in animals that had undergone enterectomy. This study was undertaken to determine the role of nutrition and anabolism in compensation of the small intestine after massive intestinal resection.

Methods: Three or 4 littermate beagle puppies from 10 litters, obtained 8 weeks after weaning and weighing 2 to 3 kg, underwent enterectomy at 10 weeks of age.

Management of the home parenteral nutrition patient.

Parenteral nutrition (PN) support can be managed in the home setting for both a short-term and long-term period or for a lifetime, permitting individuals who cannot adequately absorb nutrients enterally to achieve a normal lifestyle. Nutrition support professionals must be aware of home PN (HPN) management principles before discharge to ensure a smooth transition to home with all requisite monitoring. This article will discuss the initiation and monitoring of patients on HPN, the prevention and treatment of potential complications, the contributions of the home infusion provider, and the home nutrition support team and the outcomes of HPN.

Adjusted body weight, con: why adjust body weight in energy-expenditure calculations?

Evaluation of energy requirements of normal individuals and hospitalized patients is most often accomplished using an energy equation. Energy equations attempt to measure resting metabolic rate (RMR), the largest factor in total daily energy expenditure. Components of most energy equations include height, weight, age, and gender.

Home parenteral nutrition registry: a five-year retrospective evaluation of outcomes of patients receiving home parenteral nutrition support.

Objective: Few data are currently reported on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) patient outcomes, which makes evaluating comparative outcomes in HPN difficult. This study describes outcomes of consecutive HPN patients collected retrospectively over a 5-y period by one HPN support provider.

Methods: Retrospective data from the HPN support provider was aggregated yearly from 1997 to 2001.