Sports Nutrition Knowledge, Perceptions, Resources, and Advice Given by Certified CrossFit Trainers.

Background: CrossFit is a large, growing force in the fitness community. Currently, Level 1 and 2 CrossFit certification classes do not include nutrition education. The purpose of this study was to identify sports nutrition knowledge, perceptions, resources, and advice given by Certified CrossFit Trainers.

Hydration and Fluid Replacement Knowledge, Attitudes, Barriers, and Behaviors of NCAA Division 1 American Football Players.

Judge, LW, Kumley, RF, Bellar, DM, Pike, KL, Pierson, EE, Weidner, T, Pearson, D, and Friesen, CA. Hydration and fluid replacement knowledge, attitudes, barriers, and behaviors of NCAA Division 1 American football players. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 2972-2978, 2016-Hydration is an important part of athletic performance, and understanding athletes' hydration knowledge, attitudes, barriers, and behaviors is critical for sport practitioners.

Using Videoconferencing Technology to Provide Breastfeeding Support to Low-Income Women: Connecting Hospital-Based Lactation Consultants with Clients Receiving Care at a Community Health Center.

The Tele-Lactation Pilot Project (TLPP), 1 of 13 community-based breastfeeding projects implemented in Indiana in 2013 using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant funds, explored the feasibility of using videoconferencing technology to provide breastfeeding education and support to low-income women by a centrally located International Board Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC). The IBCLC was housed at the Breastfeeding Center at the hospital where the women would deliver; the women receiving the education and support were located at an inner-city community health center (CHC) where they received their primary care. The videoconferencing sessions were juxtaposed with the women's regularly scheduled prenatal and postnatal visits at the CHC.

Community-Based Participatory Initiatives to Increase Breastfeeding Rates in Indiana.

In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention awarded the Indiana State Department of Health funding for breastfeeding activities. The grant, issued in part in response to the 2011 Surgeon General's Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding, focused on providing funding and technical support to small community-based organizations to address challenges encountered by breastfeeding mothers. Indiana used the funds to develop the Community Breastfeeding Support Initiative (CBSI).

The Impact of a Volunteer Postpartum Doula Program on Breastfeeding Success: A Case Study.

Bloomington Area Birth Services (BABS), centered in Bloomington, Indiana, is a community-based program that provides comprehensive education and support for new breastfeeding mothers, infants, family members, and the community by working together with local hospitals, midwives, obstetricians, pediatric offices, and social service agencies to create a seamless continuity of care for families. To help with continuity of care in the community, BABS established a volunteer doula program (birth and postpartum), allowing BABS to combine the services of a community lactation center with birth and postpartum doulas. This article describes the volunteer doula program and highlights one client's story in an effort to encourage and motivate other communities to focus their limited dollars on the development of a volunteer doula program.

The Bosom Buddy Project: A Breastfeeding Support Group Sponsored by the Indiana Black Breastfeeding Coalition for Black and Minority Women in Indiana.

In 2012, the Indiana Black Breastfeeding Coalition (IBBC) used grant funds to increase participation in the Bosom Buddy Project, an original breastfeeding support group that pairs breastfeeding mothers with trained mentors. Resources for local organizations that support breastfeeding are extremely limited, making it difficult to expand programs and services. This article describes a variety of strategies used by the IBBC to expand programs and services.

Breastfeeding Support in a Community Pharmacy: Improving Access through the Well Babies at Walgreens Program.

Well Babies at Walgreens is a unique community-based corporate partnership program that offers breastfeeding support by a lactation professional in a private room at the pharmacy. Walgreens is a community pharmacy chain with more than 8000 locations in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands. The primary goal of Well Babies is to support breastfeeding women using a model that is expandable to other Walgreens pharmacy sites.

Analysis of a librarian-mediated literature search service.

Librarian-mediated literature searching is a key service provided at medical libraries. This analysis outlines ten years of data on 19,248 literature searches and describes information on the volume and frequency of search requests, time spent per search, databases used, and professional designations of the patron requestors. Combined with information on best practices for expert searching and evaluations of similar services, these findings were used to form recommendations on the improvement and standardization of a literature search service at a large health library system.

The efficacy and safety of plasma exchange in patients with sepsis and septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Sepsis and septic shock are leading causes of intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. They are characterized by excessive inflammation, upregulation of procoagulant proteins and depletion of natural anticoagulants. Plasma exchange has the potential to improve survival in sepsis by removing inflammatory cytokines and restoring deficient plasma proteins.

Pain management with acupuncture in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The utility of acupuncture in managing osteoarthritis symptoms is uncertain. Trial results are conflicting and previous systematic reviews may have overestimated the benefits of acupuncture.

Methods: Two reviewers independently identified randomized controlled trials (up to May 2014) from multiple electronic sources (including PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) and reference lists of relevant articles, extracted data and assessed risk of bias (Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool).

The impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on the incidence of cardiovascular events and complications in peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Individuals with peripheral arterial disease are at higher risk for cardiovascular events than the general population. While supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been shown to improve vascular function, it remains unclear if supplementation decreases serious clinical outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether omega-3 PUFA supplementation reduces the incidence of cardiovascular events and complications in adults with peripheral arterial disease.

Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy or infancy for the prevention of asthma and wheeze: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the association of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy or infancy with childhood asthma and wheeze.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, and Central (Cochrane Library) databases from inception to August 2013, plus the World Health Organization's international clinical trials registry platform and relevant conference proceedings for the preceding five years.

Accuracy of Ottawa Ankle Rules to exclude fractures of the ankle and midfoot in children: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: The objectives were to conduct a systematic review to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Ottawa Ankle Rules (OAR) to exclude ankle and midfoot fractures in children and the extent to which x-ray use could be reduced without missing significant fractures.

Methods: The authors conducted comprehensive searches of electronic databases and gray literature sources. Independent reviewers applied standard inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Risk factors for methamphetamine use in youth: a systematic review.

Background: Methamphetamine (MA) is a potent stimulant that is readily available. Its effects are similar to cocaine, but the drug has a profile associated with increased acute and chronic toxicities. The objective of this systematic review was to identify and synthesize literature on risk factors that are associated with MA use among youth.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable cardiac defibrillators in left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and/or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD).

Data Sources: A systematic and comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating efficacy and observational studies evaluating effectiveness or safety of CRT and/or ICD in patients with LVSD.

Review Methods: Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were completed by several investigators in duplicate and independently.

The effectiveness of different methods of toilet training for bowel and bladder control.

Objectives: The objectives of this report are to determine the following: (1) the effectiveness of the toilet training methods, (2) which factors modify the effectiveness of toilet training, (3) if the toilet training methods are risk factor for adverse outcomes, and (4) the optimal toilet training method for achieving bowel and bladder control among patients with special needs.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid OLDMEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, EBM Reviews, HealthSTAR, AMED, Web of Science, Biological Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, OCLC ProceedingsFirst, OCLC PapersFirst, Dissertation Abstracts, Index to Theses, National Research Register's Projects Database, and trials registers.

Review Methods: Two reviewers assessed the studies for inclusion.

The efficacy and safety of drug treatments for chronic insomnia in adults: a meta-analysis of RCTs.

Background: Hypnotics have a role in the management of acute insomnia; however, the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions in the management of chronic insomnia is unclear.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to conduct a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of drug treatments for chronic insomnia in adults.

Data Sources: Twenty-one electronic databases were searched, up to July 2006.

A systematic review of intentional delivery in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of intentional delivery versus expectant management in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Methods: We searched electronic databases and trials registries, contacted experts, and checked reference lists of relevant studies. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials comparing intentional delivery versus expectant management after PPROM, the gestational age of participants was between 30 and 36 weeks, and the study reported one of several pre-determined outcomes.

Challenges in systematic reviews of therapeutic devices and procedures.

The authors discuss 3 challenges in conducting and interpreting any systematic review that are particularly relevant for systematic reviews of therapeutic devices or surgical procedures: 1) inclusion or exclusion of grey literature, 2) the role of nonrandomized studies, and 3) issues in applying the results to clinical care that are unique to the surgical and therapeutic device literature. The authors also discuss empirical evidence related to these topics and illustrate how reviewers in the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Evidence-based Practice Center program have dealt with these challenges in developing evidence reports for decision makers and clinicians about therapeutic devices or surgical procedures.

Challenges in systematic reviews of complementary and alternative medicine topics.

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) continues to grow in the United States. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality has devoted a substantial proportion of the Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) program to systematic reviews of CAM. Such syntheses present different challenges from those conducted on western medicine topics, and in many ways are more difficult.

Breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding confidence, and infant feeding plans: effects on actual feeding practices.

Objective: To explore relationships among breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding confidence, and infant feeding plans and their effects on feeding practices in first-time breastfeeding mothers.

Design: Prospective descriptive design.

Setting: Telephone interviews were conducted prenatally and at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum.