Oxidative Phosphorylation is a Metabolic Vulnerability of Endocrine Therapy-Tolerant Persister Cells in ER+ Breast Cancer.

Despite adjuvant treatment with endocrine therapies, estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers recur in a significant proportion of patients. Recurrences are attributable to clinically undetectable endocrine-tolerant persister cancer cells that retain tumor-forming potential. Therefore, strategies targeting such persister cells may prevent recurrent disease.

Contemporary comparative surgical outcomes of type A aortic dissection in US and China: an analysis of the national inpatient sample database and a Chinese multi-institutional registry.

Background: To investigate the contemporary comparative inpatient prognosis among US and Chinese patients with type A aortic dissection (TAAD).

Methods: Data from Chinese multi-institutional TAAD registry and the US National Inpatient Sample databases were analyzed. We used multivariable logistic regression models to compare in-hospital mortality and perioperative complication rates between the US and China.

Microbial Communities in Standing Dead Trees in Ghost Forests are Largely Aerobic, Saprophytic, and Methanotrophic.

Standing dead trees (snags) are recognized for their influence on methane (CH) cycling in coastal wetlands, yet the biogeochemical processes that control the magnitude and direction of fluxes across the snag-atmosphere interface are not fully elucidated. Herein, we analyzed microbial communities and fluxes at one height from ten snags in a ghost forest wetland. Snag-atmosphere CH fluxes were highly variable (- 0.

Implementing menstrual cycle tracking: A pilot concept mapping study investigating considerations of coaches, support staff, and female athletes.

Objectives: To identify what coaches, support staff, and athletes believe should be considered when implementing menstrual cycle tracking in sport.

Design: Concept mapping (mixed-methods participatory approach).

Methods: Participants brainstormed statements in response to the focus prompt "What should be considered when tracking menstrual cycles in sport?" Participants then sorted the statements into groups according to meaning and rated each statement on its importance and feasibility to address.

Ruminal Microbiome Differences in Angus Steers with Differing Feed Efficiencies during the Feedlot Finishing Phase.

The catabolic activity of the ruminal microbial community of cattle enables the conversion of low-quality feedstuffs into meat and milk. The rate at which this conversion occurs is termed feed efficiency, which is of crucial importance given that feed expenses account for up to 70% of the cost of animal production. The present study assessed the relationship between cattle feed efficiency and the composition of their ruminal microbial communities during the feedlot finishing period.

Exploring the physiological factors relating to energy balance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a scoping review.

Unlabelled: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in 8%-13% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological dysfunction. Overweight and obesity are prevalent and exacerbate the features of PCOS. The aim of this review is to evaluate the extent of evidence examining the physiological factors affecting energy homeostasis, which may impact weight gain, weight loss, and weight maintenance in PCOS, and identify research gaps and recommendations for future research.

Comparison of strength profile representations using musculoskeletal models and their applications in robotics.

Musculoskeletal models provide an approach towards simulating the ability of the human body in a variety of human-robot applications. A promising use for musculoskeletal models is to model the physical capabilities of the human body, for example, estimating the strength at the hand. Several methods of modelling and representing human strength with musculoskeletal models have been used in ergonomic analysis, human-robot interaction and robotic assistance.

Zinc-Induced Copper Deficiency as a Rare Cause of Neurological Deficit and Anemia.

Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are common and carry a large economic burden due to missed work and school. This has prompted an increased interest in over-the-counter zinc supplementation to enhance immunity and reduce illness duration. Zinc's antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects have led to its inclusion in popular URI medications and a surge in supplement sales, particularly among the elderly.

An IoT Sensing Platform and Serious Game for Remote Martial Arts Training.

We propose a system for self-supported martial arts training using an IoT sensing platform and Serious Game that can also be extended for general sports training. In martial arts, it is important that the practitioner is correctly performing each technique to accurately learn and prevent injury. A common stance in all martial arts, but especially in Shaolin Kung Fu, is the horse stance or Mabu.

Racial disparities in early pregnancy: a narrative review.

Purpose Of Review: This review introduces the recognized body of evidence on social determinants of health, which continue to show that a person's health is determined by their broader environmental and social context and that societal inequities harm health and healthcare outcomes. An area of inequity is race, which, although a social construct, has a significant impact on a person's morbidity and mortality as well as their access and experience of healthcare. Racial disparities in maternal and perinatal outcomes are widely recognized.

The Type 2 Diabetes Knowledge Portal: An open access genetic resource dedicated to type 2 diabetes and related traits.

Associations between human genetic variation and clinical phenotypes have become a foundation of biomedical research. Most repositories of these data seek to be disease-agnostic and therefore lack disease-focused views. The Type 2 Diabetes Knowledge Portal (T2DKP) is a public resource of genetic datasets and genomic annotations dedicated to type 2 diabetes (T2D) and related traits.

The small heat shock protein αB-Crystallin protects versus withaferin A-induced apoptosis and confers a more metastatic phenotype in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells.

Since a majority of ovarian tumors recur in a drug-resistant form leaving patients few treatment options, the goal of this study was to explore phenotypic and molecular characteristics of a cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR8R) as compared to its cisplatin-sensitive syngeneic counterpart (OVCAR8) and to explore the effectiveness of a novel chemotherapeutic, Withaferin A (WA). In addition to unique morphological characteristics, the small heat shock proteins (Hsps) αB-Crystallin (HspB5) and Hsp27 are constitutively expressed along with increased expression of vimentin in OVCAR8R cells, while OVCAR8 cells do not endogenously express these Hsps, supporting that Hsp overexpression may confer resistance to chemotherapy and promote more aggressive tumor types. WA increases apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in OVCAR8 cells, while OVCAR8R cells remain more viable at comparable doses of WA coincident with the upregulation of αB-Crystallin.

Real-time Estimation of the Strength Capacity of the Upper Limb for Physical Human-Robot Collaboration.

In physical Human-Robot Collaboration (pHRC), having an estimate of the operator's strength capacity can help implement control strategies. Currently, the trend is to integrate devices that can measure physiological signals. This is not always a viable option, especially for highly dynamic tasks.

Preliminary Validation of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Model using Static Optimization.

Musculoskeletal models are powerful analogues to simulate human motion through kinematic and dynamic analysis. When coupled with feature-rich software, musculoskeletal models form an attractive platform for the integration of machine learning for human motion analysis. Performing realistic simulations using these models provide an avenue to overcome constraints when collecting real-world data sets.

A Pilot Study on the Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Elite Australian Football Athletes.

The effect of the menstrual cycle on athlete performance, wellbeing and perceived exertion and fatigue is not well understood. Furthermore, it has not been investigated specifically in Australian Football athletes. This pilot study aimed to explore how naturally menstruating Australian Football athletes may be affected by menstrual cycle phase.

Management of Non-High-Risk Salivary Gland Carcinomas With Surgery Alone.

Background Risk stratification and appropriate treatment selection are essential for the management of head and neck malignancies, in order to optimize long-term outcomes. Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) pose a particular challenge due to their extensive biologic heterogeneity. Primary surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment; however, outcomes with single modality therapy for 'non-high-risk' lesions are less elucidated in the literature present on the subject.

"Awake" Spinal Cord Monitoring Under Local Anesthesia and Conscious Sedation in Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Introduction: Endovascular repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms carries a risk of spinal cord ischemia, the causes of which remain uncertain. We hypothesized that local anesthesia (LA) with conscious sedation could abrogate the potential suppressive cardiovascular effects of general anesthesia (GA) and facilitate intraoperative monitoring of neurological function. Here, we examine the feasibility of this technique during fenestrated (FEVAR) or branched endovascular aortic repair (BEVAR).

The Early Outcomes of BeGraft Peripheral Plus in Branched Endovascular Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms.

Objective: No bridging stent-graft (BSG) has been specifically designed for branched endovascular aortic repair (BEVAR) and therefore different "off-label" stent-grafts have been used. Recently, a third generation of balloon-expandable stent-graft has become available. Here we evaluate the outcomes of the BeGraft Peripheral Plus (B+) used as a BSG for internal/externalor inner branches during BEVAR.

Aquaporins, and not changes in root structure, provide new insights into physiological responses to drought, flooding, and salinity.

The influence of aquaporin (AQP) activity on plant water movement remains unclear, especially in plants subject to unfavorable conditions. We applied a multitiered approach at a range of plant scales to (i) characterize the resistances controlling water transport under drought, flooding, and flooding plus salinity conditions; (ii) quantify the respective effects of AQP activity and xylem structure on root (Kroot), stem (Kstem), and leaf (Kleaf) conductances; and (iii) evaluate the impact of AQP-regulated transport capacity on gas exchange. We found that drought, flooding, and flooding plus salinity reduced Kroot and root AQP activity in Pinus taeda, whereas Kroot of the flood-tolerant Taxodium distichum did not decline under flooding.

The Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Athletes' Performance: A Narrative Review.

The effect of the menstrual cycle on physical performance is being increasingly recognised as a key consideration for women's sport and a critical field for further research. This narrative review explores the findings of studies investigating the effects of menstrual cycle phase on perceived and objectively measured performance in an athletic population. Studies examining perceived performance consistently report that female athletes identify their performance to be relatively worse during the early follicular and late luteal phases.

Fitts' law in the presence of interface inertia.

Collaborative robots are advancing the healthcare frontier, in applications such as rehabilitation and physical therapy. Effective physical collaboration in human-robot systems require an understanding of partner intent and capability. Various modalities exist to convey such information between human agents, however, natural interactions between humans and robots are difficult to characterise and achieve.

Is limited aortic resection more justified in elderly patients with type A acute aortic dissection?-insights from single center experience.

Background: This study compared limited aortic repair (ascending, and /or hemi-arch replacement) versus extended-arch repair (ascending, arch and proximal descending aortic replacement) used for patients aged 65 or older, who had type A acute aortic dissection (AAD), analyzing the influence of the extent of aortic repair on outcomes.

Methods: From January, 2001 to December, 2015, 103 patients aged 65 or older underwent operation due to type A AAD in Nanjing First Hospital. The cohort was divided into two subgroups according to the surgical approaches, including limited aortic replacement (LAR, n = 41) and total arch replacement + stent elephant trunk implantation (TAR+SET, n = 62).

The impact of feed efficiency selection on the ruminal, cecal, and fecal microbiomes of Angus steers from a commercial feedlot.

Feed is the greatest cost of animal production, so reducing it is critical to increase producer profits. In ruminants, the microbial population within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is critical to nutrient digestion and absorption in both the rumen and the hindgut. The objective of this study was to determine the bacterial taxonomic profile of the rumen, cecum, and feces of feedlot steers at slaughter in order to link feed efficiency and the GIT bacterial populations from these three locations.