The mediator of cellular immunity. XII. Inhibition of activated T cells by Newcastle disease virus.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can interact in at least two ways with rat T cells. By adsorbing to circulating lymphocytes, the virus can transiently deflect the cells from lymph nodes and inflammatory exudates induced in the peritoneal cavity. T cells are affected regardless of age, state of activation, or position in the mitotic cycle.

Canine herpes-induced retinal dysplasia and associated ocular anomalies.

Thirty-eight newborn Beagle puppies from eight litters of a specific pathogen-free colony maintained in isolation were inoculated with canine herpesvirus. Pups were killed between one and 30 days after inoculation. Histopathologic studies were carried out on the eyes and other tissues in conjunction with fluorescent antibody and viral isolation studies.

Canine brucellosis: newer knowledge.

Canine brucellosis is a worldwide disease of dogs characterized prinicpally by abortions in females and epididymitis and infertility in males. It originally was observed in the USA, but recently it has been discovered in Japan, Mexico, Peru, Germany and, possibly, in Brazil. It affects dogs of all breeds and has been diagnosed in breeding kennels and in stray dogs.

Resident participation in residency programs.

Residents need to participate more fully in decisions involving their educational process and their learning/work setting. In the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Miami School of Medicine, residents are involved in designing their curriculum, monitoring their work/learning settings, selecting their peers, and evaluating their peers and faculty. This style of residency program has significant implications not only for patient care but also for future physicians, medical departments, and medical associations.

Canine adenovirus type 2-induced immunity to two canine adenoviruses in pups with maternal antibody.

Twenty-four Beagle pups with high levels of maternal antibody to canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1) and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) were oronasally inoculated with CAV-2 at 4 weeks of age. The CAV-2 was isolated from pharyngeal swabs on postinoculation days 2 through 6. In spite of the infection, maternal antibody continued to decrease for 4 to 8 postinoculation weeks, and then homologous CAV-2 neutralizing antibody and, to a lesser extent, CAV-1 neutralizing antibody began to increase.

Viral-antibody complexes in canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1)ocular lesions: leukocyte chemotaxis and enzyme release.

Canine adenovirus-type 1 (CAV-1)-antibody complexes caused severe anterior uveitis with corneal edema ("blue eye") when injected into the anterior chamber of normal dogs. The response of the anterior uvea to such immune complexes (IC) was similar to the spontaneously occurring disease. In the presence of complement (C'), IC caused release of neutrophile chemotactic factors.

Corneal endothelium in viral induced anterior uveitis. Ultrastructural changes following canine adenovirus type 1 infection.

Dogs inoculated intravenously with attenuated canine adenovirus type 1 developed anterior segment inflammation and corneal edema. During the stage of mild anterior uveitis, virus was isolated from the aquious fluid, and by electron microscopy, viral replication was found to occur in corneal endothelial cells. Later, at the stage of severe anterior uveitis with corneal edema, virus was not isolated from the aqueous fluid and cells containing intranuclear (replicating) virus were not found.

In search of more comprehensive health care.

The role and responsibilities of a professional social worker are outlined, as well as the rationale for a health team in family medicine. Both the family practice residency and private practice are described as possible settings for proper utilization of social workers.

Role of cell-mediated immunity in the recovery of cattle from primary and recurrent infections with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus.

When cattle infected with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) were treated 3 months later with a synthetic corticosteroid, consistent recrudescence of the infection was observed. Suppression of cell-mediated immunity, as measured by lymphocyte transformation responses, could be demonstrated at the time of recrudescence. Treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone and trigeminal neurotomy also resulted in recrudescence of IBRV, but immunosuppression was not detected in these animals.

Identification of a canine adenovirus (infectious canine hepatitis virus) inhibitor in dog liver extracts as arginase.

Extracts of canine liver inhibited growth of infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) virus, a canine adenovirus. Purified extracts from mammalian, but not avian, liver tissue contained the inhibitor, and evidence is presented that the inhibitory factor is the enzyme arginase (arginine ureohydrolase). This study further emphasized the need for arginine in adenovirus growth and may explain some of the difficulties in isolating small amounts of ICH virus from suspensions of liver.