Postpartum perineal pain and dyspareunia related to each superficial perineal muscle injury: a cohort study.

Objective: To assess the association between superficial perineal muscle trauma and perineal pain and dyspareunia.

Materials And Methods: Prospective cohort study of 405 women with a spontaneous vaginal birth comparing an intact perineum and first-degree perineal trauma group (n = 205) with a second-degree perineal trauma and episiotomy group (n = 200). Perineal pain was measured at 2 days, 10 days, 7 weeks, 3 months and 6 months postpartum.

Incidence of perineal pain and dyspareunia following spontaneous vaginal birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Perineal pain and dyspareunia are experienced by women undergoing a vaginal birth that can have short and longer term physical and psychological morbidities. This review aimed to determine the incidence of perineal pain and dyspareunia following spontaneous vaginal birth (SVB) with intact perineum, first and second-degree perineal trauma or episiotomy.

Methods: Searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED and MIDIRS (inception - December 2017) were undertaken with selection criteria of any study evaluating the effect of intact perineum, first- or second-degree perineal trauma on perineal pain or dyspareunia in women with SVB.

Efficiency of the modified Sims maternal position in the rotation of persistent occiput posterior position during labor: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Fetal occiput posterior position in labor is associated with more painful and prolonged labor, and an increase in both maternal and fetal morbidity. The aim of this study is to assess whether the modified Sims position on the side of the fetal spine increases the rotation to occiput anterior position in women with epidural analgesia and a fetus in persistent occiput posterior (POP) position.

Methods: This is an open, randomized controlled, clinical trial.

[CONTROL OF FETAL WELL-BEING: BIOPHYSICS INTRAPARTUM MONITORING].

This article presents an update on the control of the intrapartum fetal wellbeing including the following aspects: methods of monitoring the fetal heart rate and the uterine dynamic and uterine contraction parameters. Moreover, the assessment of intrapartum CTG records is described by analyzing the fetal heart rate in relation to uterine contractions. The different types of fetal heart rate decelerations: early late and variable, its clinical significance and the guidelines to follow in each one of them are evaluated.

[CONTROL OF FETAL WELL-BEING: BIOPHYSICS ANTEPARTUM MONITORING].

This article provides an update on the control of antepartum fetal well-being, including the biophysical monitoring with non-stressful and stressful test and its evaluation. The fetal heart rate--base line, variability and transitional increases in fetal heart rate--are described based on fetal movements, its clinical meaning and actions derived from it.

[Application of perineum heat therapy during partum to reduce injuries that require post-partum stitches].

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of heat, moist or dry to the perineum during delivery in order to reduce injuries requiring perineal suturing after birth, and to assess its safety in relation to the adaptation of the newborn to extrauterine life.

Method: An open multicentre clinical trial directed from the School of Nursing at the University of Barcelona was carried out between 2009 and 2010 in 5 Catalan Hospitals. The sample consisted of 198 pregnant women subjected to the natural protocol for normal delivery assistance.