Multivalent GU-rich oligonucleotides sequester TDP-43 in the nucleus by inducing high molecular weight RNP complexes.

TDP-43 nuclear clearance and cytoplasmic aggregation are hallmarks of TDP-43 proteinopathies. We recently demonstrated that binding to endogenous nuclear GU-rich RNAs sequesters TDP-43 in the nucleus by restricting its passive nuclear export. Here, we tested the feasibility of synthetic RNA oligonucleotide-mediated augmentation of TDP-43 nuclear localization.

Anticonvulsant mechanisms of the ketogenic diet and caloric restriction.

Many treatments have been proposed to control epileptic seizures, such as the ketogenic diet and caloric restriction. However, seizure control has not yet been improved completely in all patients. Probably, due to the lack of understanding regarding this neurological disorder pathogenesis or pathophysiology, including its molecular approach.

The role of specialized hospital units in infection and mortality risk reduction among patients with hematological cancers.

Motivation: Patients with hematological malignancies are susceptible to life-threatening infections after chemotherapy. The current study aimed to evaluate whether management of such patients in dedicated inpatient and emergency wards could provide superior infection prevention and outcome.

Methods: We have developed an approach allowing to retrieve infection-related information from unstructured electronic medical records of a tertiary center.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Effects of Three Peptide Fractions of Germinated Soybeans on Breast and Cervical Cancer Cell Lines.

Soybeans are an important source of bioactive molecules, such as peptides, which generation can improve through germination. In this study, the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of three peptide fractions (>10 kDa, 5-10 kDa and <5 kDa) that were obtained by ultrafiltration of soybean protein hydrolysate after six days of germination were evaluated. The antioxidant activities of the peptide fractions were assessed by reducing power, Cu and Fe chelation and OH· scavenging assays, whereas their antiproliferative effects against cervical (HeLa, SiHa, CasKi) and breast (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) cancer cell lines were evaluated by the MTT assay.

Antinociceptive effect of aqueous extracts from the bark of Croton guatemalensis Lotsy in mice.

Croton guatemalensis Lotsy (CGL), known as "copalchi" in Chiapas, Mexico, is used for the treatment of fever, abdominal pain and malaria and also as a remedy for chills and for treating rheumatism. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether aqueous extracts from the bark of this plant possesses indeed antinociceptive properties by using two different animal models of nociception, the acetic acid-induced writhing test and the hot plate model. The results showed that i.

Tactile stimulation effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial learning and memory in prenatally stressed rats.

Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus is increased by spatial learning and postnatal stimulation. Conversely, prenatal stress (PS) produces a decrease in the proliferation of hippocampal granular cells. This work evaluated the effect of postnatal tactile stimulation (PTS), when applied from birth to adulthood, on cognitive performance and hippocampal neurogenesis (survival and differentiation) in PS female and male rats.

Novel rat model for neurocysticercosis using Taenia solium.

Neurocysticercosis is caused by Taenia solium infecting the central nervous system and is the leading cause of acquired epilepsy and convulsive conditions worldwide. Research into the pathophysiology of the disease and appropriate treatment is hindered by lack of cost-effective and physiologically similar animal models. We generated a novel rat neurocysticercosis model using intracranial infection with activated T.

Detection of bacteria in WBC-reduced PLT concentrates using percent oxygen as a marker for bacteria growth.

Background: The risk of receiving a PLT concentrate (PC) contaminated with bacteria may be 1000-fold greater than that of pathogenic viral transmission, yet surveillance for this risk is not generally practiced. A novel bacteria detection system (BDS) that overcomes the limitations of current systems is described. The BDS monitors percent oxygen (%O2) in air above aliquots of PCs that have been filtered to remove the confounding effect of respiring PLTs and residual WBCs.

[Identification and characterization of the first Spanish familial ligand-defective apolipoprotein B homozygote].

Background: Familial ligand-defective apolipoprotein B 100 (FDB) is an autosomal inherited disease due to mutations on apo B 100, clinically indistinguishable from familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). We described the first Spanish homozygote for FDB.

Methods: We have screened R3500Q mutation of apo B gene (PCR-SSCP analysis) in a large family with FDB and have identified the first Spanish homozygote for FDB.

Psychosocial treatment strategies in the MTA study: rationale, methods, and critical issues in design and implementation.

The Collaborative Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the MTA, is the first multisite, cooperative agreement treatment study of children, and the largest psychiatric/psychological treatment trial ever conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health. It examines the effectiveness of Medication vs. Psychosocial treatment vs.

[The evolution of corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery].

The study is a prospective one based on the observations of 186 eyes. The preexisting astigmatism was measured and the patients were divided in two main groups based on this astigmatism: by-the-rule and against-the-rule astigmatism. I evaluated the effects on the corneal astigmatism of different types of cataracts surgical procedures.

Infant temperament and cardiac vagal tone: assessments at twelve weeks of age.

Sixty 12-week-old infants participated in a laboratory study to explore the relations between temperament and cardiac vagal tone. Temperament was evaluated via laboratory observations and maternal ratings. Cardiac vagal tone, measured as the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, was quantified from beat-to-beat heart period data collected during a resting baseline period and during the laboratory assessment of temperament.

Prenatal maternal reactivity to infant cries predicts postnatal perceptions of infant temperament and marriage appraisal.

In a sample of 60 primiparous women, cardiac response and ratings of subjective aversiveness to recordings of unfamiliar infant cries were studied at 32 weeks' gestation. Regression analyses were used to examine relations between cardiac acceleration and subjective aversiveness and 3 groups of postnatal dependent variables: perception of infant temperament, the mother's emotional state, and her appraisal of her marriage. Mothers who prenatally rated the cry recordings as more aversive postnatally described their 3-month-old infants as more fussy/difficult and unpredictable.

Epilogue: bridging the gap between research on attachment and psychopathology.

Clinicians and researchers are beginning to acknowledge the importance of integrating a developmental perspective into the understanding of clinical disorders. The application of findings from basic attachment research to this understanding of psychopathology is a prototype for interdisciplinary research. However, major gaps continue to exist between basic research on attachment processes and clinical issues of assessment, classification, and treatment of mental disorders from infancy through adolescence.

Allogeneic blood transfusion-induced enhancement of tumor growth: two animal models showing amelioration by leukodepletion and passive transfer using spleen cells.

Allogeneic blood transfusions have been reported to induce immunomodulation in recipients of blood products. While the mechanism(s) of this immunomodulatory effect is unknown, it has been suggested that this effect of allogeneic blood transfusions could adversely affect patients with a malignant disorder. These concerns have been supported by a number of nonrandomized, mainly retrospective, clinical studies which indicate that allogeneic blood transfusions can adversely affect prognosis following the surgical treatment of oncology patients.

The selection of plastic materials for blood bags.

The procedures used in the preparation of blood components together with the processes used in the manufacture of multiple blood bag systems impose a unique combination of requirements that severely limits the selection of plastics. Plasticized PVC, the plastic used in the first blood bags introduced by Carl Walter over 40 years ago, remains the material of choice today. Blood bag material research has focused on two areas: (1) the development of containers with increased gas permeability for the storage of platelet concentrates; and (2) the reduction or elimination of plasticizer contamination of stored blood components.

Prestorage removal of Yersinia enterocolitica from red cells with white cell-reduction filters.

Prestorage removal of phagocytic white cells (WBCs) may increase the survivability of contaminating bacteria in units of stored red cells. Fourteen units of whole blood were inoculated with 65 colony-forming units per mL of Yersinia enterocolitica (serotype O:3) and processed into AS-3-preserved red cells. Five red cell units were filtered with a prototype third-generation filter and five red cell units with a second generation filter.

Visual identification of bacterially contaminated red cells.

There have been increasing numbers of reports of transfusion-acquired Yersinia enterocolitica bacteremia (including several fatal cases). Fifteen units of whole blood were inoculated with various concentrations of Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:3 and processed into AS-3 preserved red cells (RBCs).

An animal model of allogeneic donor platelet refractoriness: the effect of the time of leukodepletion.

Approximately 50% of multi-transfused individuals become refractory to random donor platelets. Recent clinical data suggest that those patients receiving leukocyte-depleted blood products are less likely to become refractory to random donor platelets than recipients of non-leukocyte-depleted products. Leukocyte depletion can be performed immediately after collection of a unit of whole blood before its storage (prestorage leukodepletion) or just before the transfusion of the blood product to a recipient, after its storage (poststorage leukodepletion).

Paired comparison of platelet concentrates prepared from platelet-rich plasma and buffy coats using a new technique with 111In and 51Cr.

Two techniques for the preparation of platelet concentrate (PC), the standard platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and buffy coat (BC) methods, were compared in nine paired studies with regard to platelet harvest, white cell (WBC) contamination, and PC quality after 5 days of 22 degrees C storage. Platelet harvest using the BC method averaged approximately 56 percent of the whole blood level (6.2 x 10(10)/concentrate), which was less than the 76 percent achieved with the PRP-PC method (8.

[A new approach for transfusion of neocytes: the Neocel system].

Young red cells (neocytes) were prepared in a double transfer pack having a long, narrow separation bag that allows for a density gradient column to be established during centrifugation. The lighter fraction of red cells (neocyte fraction) was then expressed into a second delivery bag. Phthalate ester density distribution curves showed that 87.

Audiometric configuration as a reflection of low plasma glucose and diabetes.

Forty-five subjects with a rising, progressively improving (RPI) audiometric pattern were considered for a 5-hour oral-glucose tolerance test. Results revealed that 2 nondiabetic subjects (4%) had a plasma glucose nadir of 49 mg/dl or lower and 7 nondiabetic subjects had a nadir between 50 and 57 mg/dl. A total of 21% of 42 subjects with data indicated abnormally low readings.