A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Management of Eales Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Eales disease manifests as an obliterative periphlebitis affecting the retina; it originates from the periphery and progresses posteriorly. It is characterized by retinal vessel wall inflammation, ischemia, and retinal neovascularization. In this report, we present the case of a 34-year-old male who attended our clinic with a sudden blurring of vision in his right eye.

Correlations between Retinal Microvascular Parameters and Clinical Parameters in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

Objectives: In the current study, we investigated the correlations between retinal microvascular parameters using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and clinical parameters for a group of 69 young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, exploratory study enrolled 69 patients between 5 years old and 30 years old who met the inclusion criteria. All the study participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination and OCTA scans for the evaluation of the retinal microcirculation.

Retinal Functional Impairment in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina. The aim of our study was to analyze latency changes in a full-field electroretinogram (ERG) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Material: This prospective study included 15 diabetic patients without DR, 16 diabetic patients with non-proliferative DR, 14 patients with pre-proliferative DR, 15 patients with proliferative DR, and 14 age-matched controls.

Early Retinal Microvascular Alterations in Young Type 1 Diabetic Patients without Clinical Retinopathy.

The purpose of this study is to identify and quantify preclinical changes with the help of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) within the retinal microcirculation of young type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients without clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to compare these results with those obtained from healthy age-matched subjects. OCTA is currently used for monitoring diabetic retinopathy; however, there is no current consensus on which OCTA parameter alterations predict the first clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy. The main challenge that young patients with T1D face during the course of the disease is that they can rapidly progress to the development of DR, especially during adolescence.

Optic neuropathies post-Covid 19 - review.

The Corona virus infection started at the end of 2019 in Wuhan - China and spread rapidly throughout the world, generating the Covid 19 pandemic. The manifestations of the Covid disease were extremely varied, from a simple flu, with fever, cough, weakness, headache, joint pain, up to severe pneumonia, with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov2) and even death. The symptomatology of the disease, the evolution and the complications that appeared varied, depending on the associated pathology - diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), the age and the immune status of the patient.

Retinal morphological and functional response to Idebenone therapy in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial disease leading to optic atrophy due to degeneration of the retinal ganglion cell. A curative treatment is not available at the moment, but a new antioxidant drug, Idebenone, is expected to reduce the progression of the disorder. Two male patients, genetically confirmed with LHON, were clinically, morphologically, and electrophysiologically evaluated, before and three, six, nine and 12 months after starting the treatment.

Pseudophakic malignant glaucoma - a case report.

To report a case of malignant glaucoma in a pseudophakic female patient, with no history of glaucoma, resolved through pars plana anterior vitrectomy. An 80-year-old female patient presented in our Emergency Department after a five-day history of pain in her left eye (LE). In the last day, the patient noticed marked visual loss and ocular pain.

Behavior pattern of early-stage ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma in non-HIV patients.

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a malignant or dysplastic lesion that has its origins in the epithelial cells at the ocular surface. The structures from which these lesions can arise are the conjunctiva, the limbus, and the cornea. Our study was conducted on a group of seven patients with ocular surface squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Assessment of VEGF and EGFR in the study of angiogenesis of eyelid carcinomas.

A tumor represents an abnormal tissue growth that can arise from any ocular structure, such as eyelids, muscles or the optic nerve. At the eyelids, there are two main tumor types: basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in growth, invasion and metastasis processes of any tumor.

Posterior vitreous detachment and macular anatomical changes - a tomographic-electroretinographic study.

Aim: Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is a physiological phenomenon due to aging characterized by separation of the vitreous cortex from the retina and may induce a variety of pathological events at the vitreoretinal junction. The aim of this study is to highlight in vivo anatomical and functional changes in early stages of PVD allowing the correct treatment.

Material And Methods: Non-consecutive case series; optical coherence tomography (OCT) relies on analyzing the reflectivity of coherent light from different anatomical interfaces within posterior vitreous and retinal histological layers, thus acquiring transverse sections through vitreoretinal interface, sensory retina, retinal pigment epithelium and choroid.

Clinical and histopathological aspects in two cases of ligneous conjunctivitis.

Ligneous conjunctivitis represents a very rare form of chronic membranous conjunctivitis, with unknown etiology; less than 200 cases have been reported in the literature, most of them in infants and children. After 40 years, this condition appears in exceptional circumstances. We present, in this study, two patients (of 55 and 64 years old) with very severe forms of ligneous conjunctivitis, certified by histopathological examination, one of them being previously diagnosed with Lyell's syndrome.

Impression conjunctival cytology in sicca syndrome - correlations between clinical and histological findings related to dry eye severity.

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca represents a progressive deterioration of ocular surface produced by a deficient secretion of lachrymal film (quantitative disorder) or excessive tear evaporation (qualitative disorder). The cytological analysis of conjunctival impression in 42 patients with dry eye syndrome established a strong correlation between the clinical grade of severity of disease and the grade of squamous metaplasia, including goblet cell loss. The cellular anomalies were represented by modifications of keratinization, epithelial cells' anisocytosis, anisochromia, the nuclear condensation and the cytoplasmic vacuolization.

Histological and immunohistochemical study of the eyelid basal cell carcinomas.

The eyelids represent a frequent site for numerous malignant tumors, which generally present subtle symptoms or can imitate benignant tumors. Our study was carried on 80 patients, 48 males and 32 females aged between 48 and 92 years. The patients were hospitalized in the Ophthalmology Clinic of the Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, Romania.

Fulminant evolution in one case of choroidal melanoma - predictive factors for general metastasis.

Comparing with other malignant tumors, uveal melanomas determine tardive general spreading. Even in the absence of local treatment, general metastasis is less than 20%, in the first five years, many factors being involved. This paper present a particular case of choroid melanoma with very unusual and unpredictable evolution of the disease; the high growth of tumor size (in only half year the tumor almost doubled up dimensions), was associated with hepatic metastasis developed in only several months.

Oral mucosa self-graft in a patient with invasive conjunctival melanoma: a case report.

Conjunctival melanoma is a rare tumor, while malignant melanoma of the uveal tract is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults. The authors highlighted the case of a 68-year-old male patient presented in June 2011 in the Ophthalmology Clinic of the Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, Romania, accusing foreign body sensation and the appearance of a tumor in the lower fornix of his right eye. The patient was clinically and paraclinically investigated, and clinically diagnosed with de novo malignant melanoma.