Characterization of Phytophthora nicotianae isolates in southeast Spain and their detection and quantification through a real-time TaqMan PCR.

Background: The soil-borne pathogens Phytophthora nicotianae and P. capsici are the causal agents of root and stem rot of many plant species. Although P.

Stability studies of binary and ternary mixtures containing morphine, midazolam, levomepromazine and hyoscine butylbromide for parenteral administration.

Objectives: [corrected] Parenteral (intravenous or subcutaneous) administration is routinely used in palliative medicine because patients are not able to take drugs orally. To avoid excessive injections, several drugs are usually given in the same dose, but the stability of these drugs when mixed is not always known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of several mixtures of drugs (morphine, midazolam, levomepromazine and hyoscine butylbromide) kept under different storage conditions.

Pharmaceutical care: pharmacy involvement in prescribing in an acute-care hospital.

Background: [corrected] Pharmaceutical care implies reaching a consensus with physicians on prescriptions in cases that call for the substitution of one active ingredient for another, a modification in dose, frequency, route of administration, etc., through the unit-dose distribution system. The goal of pharmacist interventions in the hospital should be to achieve a rational use of drugs; to ensure this, a daily review of patient prescriptions by a pharmacist is necessary.