Potentially inappropriate medication on communitydwelling older adults: Longitudinal analysis using the International Mobility in Aging Study.

Introduction: Medications are a fundamental part of the treatment of multiple pathologies. However, despite their benefits, some are considered potentially inappropriate medications for older people given their safety profile. Epidemiological data differences related to potentially inappropriate medications make it difficult to determine their effects on elderly people.

Aging in Indigenous Communities: Perspective from Two Ancestral Communities in the Colombian Andean-Amazon Region.

The phenomenon of world aging is not foreign to indigenous communities. In the last few years, research about these communities around the world has increased, but aging in indigenous towns still has not been studied widely. The purpose of this research is to interpret the meaning of old age in two indigenous communities from the Colombian Andean-Amazon region (the Inga and Kamëntsa) to reinforce the relevance of the local sociocultural context within the configuration of the meaning of old age and to emphasize the importance of considering particular regional characteristics for the design of policies and interventions aiming to recognize and integrate indigenous populations.

Fear of Falling and Environmental Factors: A Scoping Review.

Fear of falling is a geriatric condition that must be understood from both a clinical perspective and from the environment in which older adults live. This review aimed to describe the scientific evidence reported in the last 5 years regarding the fear of falling in older adults and its relationship with environmental factors. The relationships between fear of falling and environmental factors are mainly evidenced in the built environment.

The healthy aging phenotype in older people in Manizales.

Introduction: The healthy aging phenotype is present in those individuals that age with low morbidity, no functional or cognitive deterioration, and retain an acceptable level of wellness and social participation. Objective: To establish the frequency of the healthy aging phenotype in older people in the community using a multidimensional, a biomedical, and a psychosocial model and to identify the predicting factors in each model. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study.

Estimation equations for the height of Colombian elders using knee height.

Introduction: The height in the elderly does not reflect their real size as young adults due to the aging of their spine, among other aspects. Objective: To estimate the equations to predict the height in Colombian elders according to their ethnic group and sex using the knee height measurement. Materials and methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the SABE, 2015, crosssectional study using a multistage probabilistic sampling design in people aged 60 years and over in Colombia.

Effects of the falls and fractures clinic as an integrated multidisciplinary model of care in Australia: a pre-post study.

Objectives: Traditionally, the approach to fracture prevention has focused on increasing bone mineral density while typically lacking a combined clinical approach to falls prevention and vice versa. To resolve this gap, we implemented and evaluated a novel combined model of care to the assessment and prevention of osteoporosis and falls in the outpatients setting.

Setting: Falls and Fractures Clinic (FFC) at Nepean Hospital (Penrith, NSW, Australia).

[Effect on fear of falling and functionality of three intervention programs. A randomised clinical trial].

Introduction: The fear of falling has a high prevalence in the community, and intervention programs for this condition are scarce, making it is necessary to strengthen this type of therapy in order to prevent adverse consequences in the elderly population.

Objective: To establish the effectiveness of three intervention programs in reducing the fear of falling and increasing functionality in elderly people in the city of Manizales.

Participants And Methods: A randomised trial was conducted on ambulatory elderly patients with fear of falling and functional limitation of the city of Manizales.

High parathyroid hormone levels are associated with osteosarcopenia in older individuals with a history of falling.

Objectives: The combination of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia (osteosarcopenia) defines a diagnostic subset of individuals at higher risk of falls, fractures and institutionalization. In this study we aimed to assess the potential role of high serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in osteosarcopenia. We hypothesized that a high PTH level is one of the major determinants of this syndrome.

Experiences of violence across life course and its effects on mobility among participants in the International Mobility in Aging Study.

Background: Life course exposure to violence may lead to disability in old age. We examine associations and pathways between life course violence and mobility disability in older participants of the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS).

Methods: A cross-sectional study using IMIAS 2012 baseline.

Sources of social support associated with health and quality of life: a cross-sectional study among Canadian and Latin American older adults.

Objectives: To examine whether the association between emotional support and indicators of health and quality of life differs between Canadian and Latin American older adults.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). Social support from friends, family members, children and partner was measured with a previously validated social network and support scale (IMIAS-SNSS).

Phenotype of sarcopenic obesity in older individuals with a history of falling.

Background: Although sarcopenic obesity is associated with disability in middle-aged community-dwelling individuals, the phenotype of sarcopenic obesity in people 65 and older, especially those with a history of falls, remain unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, the goal of this study was to obtain a comprehensive phenotype of sarcopenic obesity in this high-risk population.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 680 subjects (mean age=79±9, 65% female) assessed between 2009 and 2013 at the Falls and Fractures Clinic, Nepean Hospital (Penrith, Australia).

[The gender gap in domestic violence in older adults in Latin America: the IMIAS Study].

Objective: Describe the prevalence of domestic violence in older men and women in Natal, Brazil, and Manizales, Colombia and explore whether the differences by gender are due to lifetime differences in social and financial status.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with a random sampling of 802 men and women in the IMIAS Study (International Mobility in Aging Study) (65-74 years old) conducted in Natal (Brazil) and Manizales (Colombia). Incidents that occurred in the last six months and any time during their lives were evaluated using the HITS scale.

Socioeconomic status, social relations and domestic violence (DV) against elderly people in Canada, Albania, Colombia and Brazil.

Purpose: To determine whether gender, socioeconomic conditions, and/or social relations are related to recent experiences of DV in older adult populations.

Materials And Methods: Data on socioeconomic status and social relations were collected in 2012 from 1995 community-dwelling older adults in Canada, Colombia, Brazil, and Albania. Violence experienced in the last 6 months was measured using the Hurt, Insulted, Threatened with harm, or Screamed at (HITS) scale and classified according to type (physical or psychological) and perpetrator (partner or family member).

Phenotype of osteosarcopenia in older individuals with a history of falling.

Objectives: In older persons, the combination of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia has been proposed as a subset of frailer individuals at higher risk of institutionalization, falls, and fractures. However, the particular clinical, biochemical, and functional characteristics of the osteosarcopenic (OS) patients remain unknown. In this study, we used a clinical definition of osteosarcopenia aiming to determine the clinical, functional, and biochemical features that are unique to these patients within a population of older people who fall.

Prevalence of poor self-rated health and associated risk factors among older adults in Cali, Colombia.

Introduction: Self-rated health (SRH) has beeen considered an important marker of quality of life and an independent predictor of mortality in older adults.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of poor SRH and identify risk factors associated with poor SRH among older adults residing in the Commune 18 of the city of Cali, Colombia, in 2009.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study with a single-stage cluster sampling design.

Validity and applicability of a video-based animated tool to assess mobility in elderly Latin American populations.

Aim: To assess the reliability and the validity of Portuguese- and Spanish-translated versions of the video-based short-form Mobility Assessment Tool in assessing self-reported mobility, and to provide evidence for the applicability of these videos in elderly Latin American populations as a complement to physical performance measures.

Methods: The sample consisted of 300 elderly participants (150 from Brazil, 150 from Colombia) recruited at neighborhood social centers. Mobility was assessed with the Mobility Assessment Tool, and compared with the Short Physical Performance Battery score and self-reported functional limitations.

Evaluation of the Late-Life Disability Instrument (LLDI) in low-income older populations.

Objective: To assess the construct and convergent validity of the 16 items of the Late-Life Disability Instrument (LLDI) in Latin American seniors.

Method: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to assess the factor structure of frequency and limitation sub-scales of the LLDI. ANOVA and t test were used to determine the convergent and construct validity of the LLDI by exploring associations with physical performance tests, mobility limitations, depression, cognition, self-reported health, as well as with sex, education, and income.

Interdisciplinary collaboration in gerontology and geriatrics in Latin America: conceptual approaches and health care teams.

The underlying rationale to support interdisciplinary collaboration in geriatrics and gerontology is based on the complexity of elderly care. The most important characteristic about interdisciplinary health care teams for older people in Latin America is their subjective-basis framework. In other regions, teams are organized according to a theoretical knowledge basis with well-justified priorities, functions, and long-term goals, in Latin America teams are arranged according to subjective interests on solving their problems.

Differing approaches to falls and fracture prevention between Australia and Colombia.

Falls and fractures are major causes of morbidity and mortality in older people. More importantly, previous falls and/or fractures are the most important predictors of further events. Therefore, secondary prevention programs for falls and fractures are highly needed.