Caffeine and the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Findings from Clinical and Experimental Studies.

The aim of this study was to assess the potential benefits of caffeine intake in protecting against the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Furthermore, we tested the effect of topical administration of caffeine on the early stages of DR in an experimental model of DR. In the cross-sectional study, a total of 144 subjects with DR and 147 individuals without DR were assessed.

Correction to: Type 2 diabetes-associated carotid plaque burden is increased in patients with retinopathy compared to those without retinopathy.

The author found errors in Table 1 after publication of the original article [1].

Increased Burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Retinopathy.

Objective: We sought to examine the presence and severity of brain small vessel disease (SVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared with those without DR.

Research Design And Methods: We evaluated 312 patients with type 2 diabetes without previous cardiovascular disease (men 51%; mean age 57 years; age range 40-75 years); 153 patients (49%) had DR. MRI was performed to evaluate the presence and severity (age-related white matter changes scale) of white matter lesions (WMLs) and lacunes, and transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the Gosling pulsatility index (PI) of the middle cerebral artery (MCA).

Association of low oleic acid intake with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients: a case-control study.

Background: The objective of this study was to describe the intake of macronutrient, especially fatty acids, and explore their possible effect on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: In this case-control study, we included a total of 146 patients with DR and 148 without DR. The intake of macronutrient was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Lower Hemoglobin Concentration Is Associated with Retinal Ischemia and the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes.

Aims. To assess the association of blood oxygen-transport capacity variables with the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal ischemia, and macular oedema in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods.

Relationship of the adherence to the Mediterranean diet with health-related quality of life and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a post-hoc analysis of a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The main aim of this study was to assess the association between adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 294 patients with T2DM (146 with diabetic retinopathy and 148 without retinopathy). HRQoL and treatment satisfaction were assessed with the Audit Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life and Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaires, respectively.

Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with the Presence and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

There is very few evidences on the role of vitamin D in the development of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of the current study was to explore whether there is an association of vitamin D status and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Two groups of patients were selected: 139 and 144 patients with and without retinopathy, respectively, as assessed by an experienced ophthalmologist.

Microangiopathy of common carotid vasa vasorum in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: We hypothesize that in type 1 diabetes vasa vasorum (VV) are affected by microangiopathic changes. For this purpose, we assessed the status of the VV signal in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: The VV signal at the arterial adventitia of the common carotid artery was evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging.

Type 2 diabetes-associated carotid plaque burden is increased in patients with retinopathy compared to those without retinopathy.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality among subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been associated with an increased risk for CVD. The present study was designed to test the concept that T2D patients with DR, but without previous cardiovascular (CV) events and with normal renal function, have an increased atherosclerotic burden compared with patients without DR.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using patients with normal renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 ml/min) and without previous CV events.

Corneal biomechanical properties in floppy eyelid syndrome.

Purpose: To determine corneal biomechanical properties in patients with floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) and to compare them with eyes of controls.

Methods: This case-control study included 208 eyes (72 eyes with FES and 136 without FES) of 107 patients (37 patients with FES and 70 without FES). Patients underwent a complete clinical eye examination that included corneal biomechanical evaluation carried out with the Reichert Ocular Response Analyzer.

A prospective cross-sectional study on quality of life and treatment satisfaction in type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy without other major late diabetic complications.

Background: To assess quality of life and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy (DR) using validated instruments, with comparison to patients without DR.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was designed to assess the influence of retinopathy on quality of life and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who do not have any other advanced late complications that could interfere with these outcomes. We included 148 patients with DR and 149 without DR, all without other advanced diabetic complications.

The relationship between floppy eyelid syndrome and obstructive sleep apnoea.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of eyelid hyperlaxity and floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and the presence of OSA in FES.

Participants: One-hundred and fourteen patients who had been consecutively admitted for OSA evaluation and 45 patients with FES in which sleep studies were recorded.

Methods: Subjects underwent eyelid laxity measurement, slit-lamp examination and polysomnography.

Rituximab for peripheral ulcerative keratitis with wegener granulomatosis.

Purpose: To demonstrate the effectiveness of Rituximab in the management of peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) associated with Wegener granulomatosis (WG).

Methods: A 50-year-old female with WG, confirmed by skin biopsy and positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies 3 years prior, was presented with a corneoscleral granulomatous mass that affected the superior limbus and with vasculitic PUK in the right eye. The mass was treated daily with oral prednisone (1 mg.

Short-term mitomycin C followed by long-term interferon alpha2beta for conjunctiva-cornea intraepithelial neoplasia.

Purpose: To report a case of extensive conjunctiva-cornea intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) treated topically with mitomycin C (MMC) and interferon (INF)-alpha2beta without surgical resection.

Methods: Case report.

Results: : An 82-year-old woman showed an extensive gelatinous red mass in the bulbar conjunctiva with invasion into the caruncle, inferior fornix, and tarsal conjunctiva and extending for 270 degrees of the corneal surface.