Drug resistance biomarkers in ovarian cancer: a bibliometric study from 2017 to 2022.

Background: Late diagnosis and patient relapse, mainly due to chemoresistance, are the key reasons for the high mortality rate of ovarian cancer patients. Hence, the search for biomarkers of high predictive value within the phenomenon of chemoresistance is vital. This study performs a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature concerning biomarkers of drug resistance in ovarian cancer, considering the period from 2017 to 2022.

In Silico Insights Reveal Fibronectin 1 as a Theranostic Marker in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex and highly variable disease, ranking among the top five cancers diagnosed globally, and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Emerging from stomach lining cells amid chronic inflammation, it often advances to preneoplastic stages. Late-stage diagnoses and treatment challenges highlight the critical need for early detection and innovative biomarkers, motivating this study's focus on identifying theranostic markers through gene ontology analysis.

In Vitro Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Heme Synthesis Pathway and Protoporphyrin IX Production.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) treats nonmelanoma skin cancer. PDT kills cells through reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by interaction among cellular O photosensitizer and specific light. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is a photosensitizer produced from methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) by heme group synthesis (HGS) pathway.

Epigenetic modulation of cytokine expression in gastric cancer: influence on angiogenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance.

Cytokines are proteins that act in the immune response and inflammation and have been associated with the development of some types of cancer, such as gastric cancer (GC). GC is a malignant neoplasm that ranks fifth in incidence and third in cancer-related mortality worldwide, making it a major public health issue. Recent studies have focused on the role these cytokines may play in GC associated with angiogenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance, which are key factors that can affect carcinogenesis and tumor progression, quality, and patient survival.

Exploring the Genetic Diversity of Epstein-Barr Virus among Patients with Gastric Cancer in Southern Chile.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with gastric cancer (GC), one of the deadliest malignancies in Chile and the world. Little is known about Chilean EBV strains. This study aims to investigate the frequency and genetic diversity of EBV in GC in patients in southern Chile.

A Novel Gemcitabine-Resistant Gallbladder Cancer Model Provides Insights into Molecular Changes Occurring during Acquired Resistance.

Treatment options for advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC) are scarce and usually rely on cytotoxic chemotherapy, but the effectiveness of any regimen is limited and recurrence rates are high. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance in GBC through the development and characterization of two gemcitabine-resistant GBC cell sublines (NOZ GemR and TGBC1 GemR). Morphological changes, cross-resistance, and migratory/invasive capabilities were evaluated.

Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as Regulators of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Gastric Carcinoma.

Gastric cancer (GC) represents ~10% of the global cancer-related deaths, increasingly affecting the younger population in active stages of life. The high mortality of GC is due to late diagnosis, the presence of metastasis and drug resistance development. Additionally, current clinical markers do not guide the patient management adequately, thereby new and more reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets are still needed for this disease.

Genome analysis suggests HTLV-1aA introduction in Chile related to migrations of ancestral indigenous populations.

The human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), unlike other RNA viruses such as HIV, has a stable genome and has infected humans since remote times. Although the HTLV-1 infection is endemic in South America, there is scarce information about HTLV-1 in Chile and its history of introduction. This study assessed the genomic content of HTLV-1 from Chile and its relationship with HTLV-1 lineages circulating worldwide by phylogenetic reconstruction and dating analyses.

Novel Methylation Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Prognosis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) comprises the third most common cancer worldwide and the second regarding number of deaths. In order to make a correct and early diagnosis to predict metastasis formation, biomarkers are an important tool. Although there are multiple signaling pathways associated with cancer progression, the most recognized are the MAPK pathway, p53 pathway, and TGF-β pathway.

Genetic Patterns Found in the Nuclear Localization Signals (NLSs) Associated with EBV-1 and EBV-2 Provide New Insights into Their Contribution to Different Cell-Type Specificities.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a globally dispersed pathogen involved in several human cancers of B-cell and non-B-cell origin. EBV has been classified into EBV-1 and EBV-2, which have differences in their transformative ability. EBV-1 can transform B-cells into LCL more efficiently than EBV-2, and EBV-2 preferentially infects T-cell lymphocytes.

Temperature Differentially Affects Gene Expression in Antarctic Thraustochytrid sp. RT2316-13.

RT2316-13 synthesizes lipids rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The content of these fatty acids in the total lipids depended on growth temperature. Sequencing technology was used in this work to examine the thraustochytrid's response to a decrease in growth temperature from 15 °C to 5 °C.

Landscape of Genome-Wide DNA Methylation of Colorectal Cancer Metastasis.

Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease caused by both genetic and epigenetics factors. Analysing DNA methylation changes occurring during colorectal cancer progression and metastasis formation is crucial for the identification of novel epigenetic markers of patient prognosis. Genome-wide methylation sequencing of paired samples of colon (normal adjacent, primary tumour and lymph node metastasis) showed global hypomethylation and CpG island (CGI) hypermethylation of primary tumours compared to normal.

Phylogenetic dating analysis of HTLV-1 from Chile suggests transmissions events related to ancient migrations and contemporary expansion.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a globally-spread virus. It is estimated that there are about 5–10 million infected people in the world. HTLV is endemic in Chile, with higher seroprevalence among indigenous people.

Role of CC Chemokines Subfamily in the Platinum Drugs Resistance Promotion in Cancer.

Cancer is a significant medical issue, being one of the main causes of mortality around the world. The therapies for this pathology depend on the stage in which the cancer is found, but it is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage in which the treatment is chemotherapy. Platinum drugs are among the most commonly used in therapy, unfortunately, one of the main obstacles to this treatment is the development of chemoresistance, which is the ability of cancer cells to evade the effects of drugs.

Epigallocatechin Gallate Enhances MAL-PDT Cytotoxic Effect on PDT-Resistant Skin Cancer Squamous Cells.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used to treat certain types of non-melanoma skin cancer with promising results. However, some skin lesions have not fully responded to this treatment, suggesting a potential PDT-resistant phenotype. Therefore, novel therapeutic alternatives must be identified that improve PDT in resistant skin cancer.

The Role of Clock Genes in Fibrinolysis Regulation: Circadian Disturbance and Its Effect on Fibrinolytic Activity.

The fibrinolytic system is critical during the onset of fibrinolysis, a fundamental mechanism for fibrin degradation. Both tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) trigger fibrinolysis, leading to proteolytic activation of plasminogen to plasmin and subsequently fibrin proteolysis. This system is regulated by several inhibitors; plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the most studied, binds to and inactivates both tPA and uPA.

Functional and transcriptomic characterization of cisplatin-resistant AGS and MKN-28 gastric cancer cell lines.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant cancer-related cause of death worldwide. The most used chemotherapeutic regimen in GC is based on platinum drugs such as cisplatin (CDDP). However, CDDP resistance reduces advanced GC survival.

A reliable Epstein-Barr Virus classification based on phylogenomic and population analyses.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects more than 90% of the human population, playing a key role in the origin and progression of malignant and non-malignant diseases. Many attempts have been made to classify EBV according to clinical or epidemiological information; however, these classifications show frequent incongruences. For instance, they use a small subset of genes for sorting strains but fail to consider the enormous genomic variability and abundant recombinant regions present in the EBV genome.

Functional and transcriptomic characterization of carboplatin-resistant A2780 ovarian cancer cell line.

Background: Ovarian cancer is a significant cancer-related cause of death in women worldwide. The most used chemotherapeutic regimen is based on carboplatin (CBDCA). However, CBDCA resistance is the main obstacle to a better prognosis.

Loss of ZNF516 protein expression is related with HR-HPV infection and cervical preneoplastic lesions.

Purpose: Cervical cancer is an important health issue among women worldwide. Cervical smear and human papillomavirus detection are the most used screening methods to detect preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. However, as neither can predict cervical development, new markers are needed for this disease.

Reprimo, a Potential p53-Dependent Tumor Suppressor Gene, Is Frequently Hypermethylated in Estrogen Receptor α-Positive Breast Cancer.

Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of many cancers. Currently, there are four intrinsic molecular subtypes in breast cancer (BC): Luminal A, B, Her2-positive, and triple negative (TNBC). Recently, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project has revealed that Luminal subtypes have higher levels of genome-wide methylation that may be a result of Estrogen/Estrogen receptor α (E2/ERα) signaling pathway activation.

Frequency of Human papillomavirus in women attending cervical cancer screening program in Chile.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiological factor for cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. The characterization of HPV genotypes in preneoplastic lesions and cervical cancer could establishes the effectiveness of vaccination plan in Chilean population. The aim of this study was to determine HPV frequency in a group of women including in a cervical screening program in the public health care system in Chile.

The ERK/MAPK pathway is overexpressed and activated in gallbladder cancer.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly fatal disease with poor prognosis and few therapeutic alternatives. Molecular profiling has revealed that the deregulation in the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway plays a crucial role in many disease and malignancies, including GBC. The aim of this study was to measure the expression of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 in a population with high GBC-related mortality, such as the Chilean population, and characterize the protein expression of this ERK/MAPK pathway in seven GBC cell lines.