Chronic larval and adult honey bee laboratory testing: Which dietary additive should be considered when a test substance is not solubilized in acetone?

Chronic toxicity tests on adult and larval honey bees (Apis mellifera) can require the use of dietary additives (solvents, emulsifiers, adjuvants and viscosifier agents) when the active ingredient of plant protection products cannot be dissolved or does not remain stable and homogeneous within the test diets. Acetone is the widely used and accepted solvent allowed within the international regulatory guidelines, but it can be ineffective in keeping certain compounds in solution and can cause toxicity to adults and larvae. In this publication, we present an evaluation of alternative additives in adult and larval diets.

Treatment of Comorbid Alcohol Dependence and Anxiety Disorder: Review of the Scientific Evidence and Recommendations for Treatment.

Patients with alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders (AnxDs). "Co-occurring disorders" refers to the coexistence of an AUD and/or drug related disorders with another non-addictive psychiatric disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of psychopharmacological treatments and psychotherapy in patients with AUD and AnxD and to propose recommendations for the treatment of patients with comorbid AnxDs and AUDs.

Increase of R-/S-methadone enantiomer concentration ratio in serum of patients treated with either nevirapine or efavirenz.

An increased methadone enantiomer ratio (R/S) was associated to both nevirapine (179%, n=5) and efavirenz (36%, n=9) treatments when compared with that of controls (n=52). Additionally, in four follow-up patients, both R- and S-methadone normalized concentrations decreased (19%-93%) while R/S increased (22%-314%) following nevirapine/efavirenz treatment. R/S decreased (42%) after non-compliance with efavirenz treatment.

[Hypovitaminosis D associated to low sun exposure in the population over 64 years old].

Background And Objective: To identify the factors related to hypovitaminosis D in the population over 64 years of age without known risk factors of hypovitaminosis D.

Subjects And Method: It was a cross-sectional population study in individuals over 64 year-old attending basic healthcare areas in our hospital's area of reference. A survey was conducted to assess various items (functional capacity, exposure to sun, walks, eating habits).

[Extraintestinal infection due to Aeromonas spp.: review of 38 cases].

Introduction: Aeromonas spp. typically cause gastroenteritis, but can occasionally produce extraintestinal infections. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and microbiological characteristics of extraintestinal infections caused by Aeromonas spp.

[Evaluation assessment of the cut-off point of vitamin D in the population older than 64 years old].

Background And Objective: Serum 25(OH)D(3) is the best indicator of vitamin D status, although some controversy remains regarding "normal" and "abnormal" values. The objective was to identify the 25(OH)D(3) serum concentration threshold which allows to know the 25(OH)D(3) serum levels correlated to PTH(i) increase and to describe the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D.

Patients And Method: Cross-sectional population study in subjects over 64 years of age residing in the basic healthcare areas in our hospital's area of reference.

Detection of clinical interactions between methadone and anti-retroviral compounds using an enantioselective capillary electrophoresis for methadone analysis.

A capillary electrophoresis method was developed to detect interactions between methadone and anti-retroviral compounds. Eight subjects, who underwent methadone maintenance treatment in the Province of Alicante (Spain), consented to participate in the present study. Of those, one subject was followed up for 123 days to detect drug-drug interactions.

Treatment of aberrant right subclavian artery aneurysm with endovascular exclusion and adjunctive surgical bypass.

Aberrant right subclavian arteries occur in as much as 2% of the population. Aneurysms in this vessel are rare but exhibit a marked propensity toward rupture; therefore, early elective treatment is indicated. Transluminally placed stent-grafts offer an alternative approach to the standard surgical treatment.

[Prevalence of infection by HIV and hepatitis C virus in a cohort of patients on methadone treatment].

Background And Objectives: Methadone maintenance treatment reduces drug-related-harm. The aims of the study were: a) to analyze the temporal tendencies of prevalence of infection by HIV and hepatitis C virus, and b) to evaluate if the adherence to methadone maintenance treatment protects against the infection by HIV and hepatitis C virus.

Patients And Method: Retrospective longitudinal study with All the 1,487 patients receiving treatment in the Province of Alicante between June 1990 and December 1997.

Survival study of opioid addicts in relation to its adherence to methadone maintenance treatment.

Objectives: To study the putative role of methadone maintenance treatment in the improvement of life expectancy of opioid addicts.

Design: Retrospective longitudinal study.

Participants: All 1487 patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment in Alicante between June 1990 and December 1997.