A heritage dataset of soil and water salinity in Bardenas, Spain.

This article presents the results of soil and water analysis plus the plans -or "maps"- from the Report [1] issued 1974 on salt-affected soils in a new irrigation district located in the semi-arid Bardenas area of Aragón, northern Spain (Fig. 1). The survey was carried out by the now defunct Institute for Agrarian Reform and Development (i.

BDNF and Cognitive Function in Chilean Schizophrenic Patients.

Despite cognitive symptoms being very important in schizophrenia, not every schizophrenic patient has a significant cognitive deficit. The molecular mechanisms underlying the different degrees of cognitive functioning in schizophrenic patients are not sufficiently understood. We studied the relation between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cognitive functioning in two groups of schizophrenic patients with different cognitive statuses.

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping MRI in Deep-Brain Nuclei in First-Episode Psychosis.

Background: Psychosis is related to neurochemical changes in deep-brain nuclei, particularly suggesting dopamine dysfunctions. We used an magnetic resonance imaging-based technique called quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to study these regions in psychosis. QSM quantifies magnetic susceptibility in the brain, which is associated with iron concentrations.

Vertical organization of microbial communities in Salineta hypersaline wetland, Spain.

Microbial communities inhabiting hypersaline wetlands, well adapted to the environmental fluctuations due to flooding and desiccation events, play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles, ensuring ecosystem service. To better understand the ecosystem functioning, we studied soil microbial communities of Salineta wetland (NE Spain) in dry and wet seasons in three different landscape stations representing situations characteristic of ephemeral saline lakes: S1 soil usually submerged, S2 soil intermittently flooded, and S3 soil with halophytes. Microbial community composition was determined according to different redox layers by 16S rRNA gene barcoding.

Dysconnectivity in Schizophrenia Revisited: Abnormal Temporal Organization of Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Patients With a First Episode of Psychosis.

Background And Hypothesis: Abnormal functional connectivity between brain regions is a consistent finding in schizophrenia, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Recent studies have highlighted that connectivity changes in time in healthy subjects. We here examined the temporal changes in functional connectivity in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP).

The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Educational attainment is associated with wellbeing and health, but patients with schizophrenia achieve lower levels of education than people without. Several effective interventions can ameliorate this situation. However, the magnitude of the education gap in schizophrenia and its change over time are unclear.

A dataset of aerial photographs of 1972 from an irrigated area in Monegros, Spain.

Our dataset contains the scans of 278 paper prints of contacts from a photogrammetric flight of 1972, plus a diagram for the relative location of each of the photograms. The paper prints served three years later, i.e.

Gender, age and geographical representation over the past 50 years of schizophrenia research.

Previous studies have suggested that subjects participating in schizophrenia research are not representative of the demographics of the global population of people with schizophrenia, particularly in terms of gender and geographical location. We here explored if this has evolved throughout the decades, examining changes in geographical location, gender and age of participants in studies of schizophrenia published in the last 50 years. We examined this using a meta-analytical approach on an existing database including over 3,000 studies collated for another project.

Predictors of clozapine discontinuation at 2 years in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Introduction: Little is known about predictors of clinical response to clozapine treatment in treatment-resistant psychosis. Most published cohorts are small, providing inconsistent results. We aimed to identify baseline clinical predictors of future clinical response in patients who initiate clozapine treatment, mainly focusing on the effect of age, duration of illness, baseline clinical symptoms and homelessness.

Data supporting the soil salinity evolution appraisals in the Flumen irrigation district, NE Spain.

The dataset presented comprises (raw data) scans of the marked paper contact prints from a dedicated photogrammetric flight and a diagram showing the location of each of these photograms. The flight was commissioned specifically for the soil survey presented herein. The scanned paper prints are those used in the field to characterize the soil salinity of 27,500 ha within the Flumen irrigation district, in the semi-arid Central Ebro Basin, in Spain.

[Cannabis use among hospitalized young people experiencing a first episode of psychosis: a case control study].

Background: Cannabis use among young people in Chile has increased significantly in the last years. There is a consistent link between cannabis and psychosis.

Aim: To compare cannabis use in patients with a first episode of psychosis and healthy controls.

Structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia in adverse environments: examining the effect of poverty and violence in six Latin American cities.

Background: Social and environmental factors such as poverty or violence modulate the risk and course of schizophrenia. However, how they affect the brain in patients with psychosis remains unclear.

Aims: We studied how environmental factors are related to brain structure in patients with schizophrenia and controls in Latin America, where these factors are large and unequally distributed.

The incidence of non-affective psychotic disorders in Chile between 2005 and 2018: results from a national register of over 30 000 cases.

Background: Evidence suggests the incidence of non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPDs) varies across persons and places, but data from the Global South is scarce. We aimed to estimate the treated incidence of NAPD in Chile, and variance by person, place and time.

Methods: We used national register data from Chile including all people, 10-65 years, with the first episode of NAPD (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision: F20-F29) between 1 January 2005 and 29 August 2018.

Geomorphological control of habitat distribution in an intermittent shallow saline lake, Gallocanta Lake, NE Spain.

The aim of the present study consists on the establishment of any relationship or interaction between geomorphological processes and vegetation/habitat distribution in an area with strong environmental gradients: an active saline lake in NE Spain. The resulting maps of the major geoforms and CORINE habitats within the lacustrine area were overlain to determine any significant relationships, taking into account the elevation derived from Lidar data. Whereas the geoforms resulted to have a roughly concentric distribution, the habitats appeared to be spread across different areas, and flooding frequency seemed not to be a determining factor in their altitudinal distribution.

High prevalence of metabolic alterations in Latin American patients at initial stages of psychosis.

Aim: Studies conducted in the United States have highlighted a higher prevalence of metabolic alterations (MA) in Latino population and Latino psychotic patients. Metabolic risk in psychosis is known to be present from initial stages of the disease. To better characterize this population, we explored the prevalence of MA and metabolic syndrome (MS) in early psychosis patients in a Latin American country.

Imaging Social and Environmental Factors as Modulators of Brain Dysfunction: Time to Focus on Developing Non-Western Societies.

Social and environmental factors are known risk factors and modulators of mental health disorders. We here conducted a nonsystematic review of the neuroimaging literature studying the effects of poverty, urbanicity, and community violence, highlighting the opportunities of studying non-Western developing societies such as those in Latin America. Social and environmental factors in these communities are widespread and have a large magnitude, as well as an unequal distribution, providing a good opportunity for their characterization.

Microbial composition, potential functional roles and genetic novelty in gypsum-rich and hypersaline soils of Monegros and Gallocanta (Spain).

Soil microbial communities (both Bacteria and Archaea) were studied after 16S rRNA genes massive sequencing in two hypersaline and gypsum-rich contrasted sites located in NE Spain. Soil microbial communities were also locally analysed according to environmental variables, including geological, physico-chemical, biogeochemically, and climatic data. Typical soil characteristics, climate data, and plant composition clearly split the two sites and major differences among the microbial communities for the areas were initially expected.

Safety profile of lenalidomide in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes without del(5q): results of a phase 3 trial.

Unlabelled: The safety profile of lenalidomide use in lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients with del(5q) is well-established, but less is known in non-del(5q) patients. We provide safety data from a randomized, phase 3 trial evaluating lenalidomide in 239 patients with lower-risk non-del(5q) MDS ineligible/refractory to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). Compared with placebo, lenalidomide was associated with a higher incidence of grade 3-4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs; 86% vs.

Duration of untreated psychosis and acute remission of negative symptoms in a South American first-episode psychosis cohort.

Aim: To determine the association between duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and symptoms remission in a hospitalized first-episode psychosis cohort.

Methods: Inpatients with a first-episode non-affective psychosis were recruited. Subjects were divided into two groups of long and short DUP using a 3-month cut-off point, and this was related to remission at 10 weeks of treatment.

Two fixed ratio dilutions for soil salinity monitoring in hypersaline wetlands.

Highly soluble salts are undesirable in agriculture because they reduce yields or the quality of most cash crops and can leak to surface or sub-surface waters. In some cases salinity can be associated with unique history, rarity, or special habitats protected by environmental laws. Yet in considering the measurement of soil salinity for long-term monitoring purposes, adequate methods are required.

Microbial biodiversity in saline shallow lakes of the Monegros Desert, Spain.

The Monegros Desert contains one of the largest sets of inland saline lakes in Europe constituting a threatened landscape of great scientific and ecological value with large number of reported endemisms. We analyzed bacteria, archaea, and microbial eukaryotes from 11 saline lakes in winter and spring by rRNA gene fingerprinting and sequencing covering large salinity (2.7-22.