Ising spin-1/2 XXZ chain's quantum problems beyond the spinon paradigm.

Spin chains are correlated quantum models of great interest in quantum systems and materials exhibiting quasi-one-dimensional magnetic properties. Here, we review results on quantum problems associated with spin chains that are beyond the usual spinon paradigm. Alternatively, we use a representation valid in the thermodynamic limit, N→∞, in terms of the N spin-1/2 physical spins of the spin-1/2XXZ chain in its whole Hilbert space.

An Imaging Perspective to Multiple Calcifying Hyperplastic Dental Follicles - A Report of Three Cases.

Rationale: Multiple Calcifying Hyperplastic Dental Follicle (MCHDF) is an extremely rare condition and is characterised by multiple impacted permanent teeth, with enlarged dental follicles, containing calcifications. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the ideal exam for the identification of this condition.

Patient Concerns: The present study seeks to compare the behaviour of MCHDF in imaging exams of three clinical cases with their MCHDF imaging diagnoses, in which a change about tooth eruption was observed.

Morphometric study of incisive canal and its anatomic variations in brazilian individuals.

Objective: To conduct a morphometric evaluation of the incisive canal, adjacent structures, and their anatomic variations in Brazilian individuals.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using a sample of 157 multislice computed tomography images of adult Brazilian individuals of both sexes (20-96 years). The exam was performed with the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer 4.

Notch Signaling in the Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell.

Purpose Of Review: Understanding the signaling pathways that govern hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is fundamental to uncover their regulation and how this is skewed in hematological malignancies. Whether Notch is necessary for the regulation of mammalian HSPCs is still unclear. We therefore critically review the current literature on the role of Notch in HSPCs.

Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals spin charge separation in metallic MoSe grain boundary.

Material line defects are one-dimensional structures but the search and proof of electron behaviour consistent with the reduced dimension of such defects has been so far unsuccessful. Here we show using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy that twin-grain boundaries in the layered semiconductor MoSe exhibit parabolic metallic bands. The one-dimensional nature is evident from a charge density wave transition, whose periodicity is given by k/π, consistent with scanning tunnelling microscopy and angle resolved photoemission measurements.

Clinical-Grade Manufacturing of Therapeutic Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Microcarrier-Based Culture Systems.

The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) has triggered the need for high cell doses in a vast number of clinical applications. This demand requires the development of good manufacturing practices (GMP)-compliant ex vivo expansion protocols that should be effective to deliver a robust and reproducible supply of clinical-grade cells in a safe and cost-effective manner. Controlled stirred-tank bioreactor systems under xenogeneic (xeno)-free culture conditions offer ideal settings to develop and optimize cell manufacturing to meet the standards and needs of human MSC for cellular therapies.

Stirred tank bioreactor culture combined with serum-/xenogeneic-free culture medium enables an efficient expansion of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are being widely explored as promising candidates for cell-based therapies. Among the different human MSC origins exploited, umbilical cord represents an attractive and readily available source of MSC that involves a non-invasive collection procedure. In order to achieve relevant cell numbers of human MSC for clinical applications, it is crucial to develop scalable culture systems that allow bioprocess control and monitoring, combined with the use of serum/xenogeneic (xeno)-free culture media.

Monitoring the ex-vivo expansion of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in xeno-free microcarrier-based reactor systems by MIR spectroscopy.

Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have received considerable attention in the field of cell-based therapies due to their high differentiation potential and ability to modulate immune responses. However, since these cells can only be isolated in very low quantities, successful realization of these therapies requires MSCs ex-vivo expansion to achieve relevant cell doses. The metabolic activity is one of the parameters often monitored during MSCs cultivation by using expensive multi-analytical methods, some of them time-consuming.

Singularities of the dynamical structure factors of the spin-1/2 XXX chain at finite magnetic field.

We study the longitudinal and transverse spin dynamical structure factors of the spin-1/2 XXX chain at finite magnetic field h, focusing in particular on the singularities at excitation energies in the vicinity of the lower thresholds. While the static properties of the model can be studied within a Fermi-liquid like description in terms of pseudoparticles, our derivation of the dynamical properties relies on the introduction of a form of the 'pseudofermion dynamical theory' (PDT) of the 1D Hubbard model suitably modified for the spin-only XXX chain and other models with two pseudoparticle Fermi points. Specifically, we derive the exact momentum and spin-density dependences of the exponents ζ(τ)(k) controlling the singularities for both the longitudinal (τ = l) and transverse (τ = t) dynamical structure factors for the whole momentum range k ∈ ]0,π[, in the thermodynamic limit.

A xeno-free microcarrier-based stirred culture system for the scalable expansion of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue.

Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are promising candidates for cell-based therapies and the development of microcarrier-based cultures in scalable bioreactors with well-defined xenogeneic-free components represent important milestones towards the clinical-scale production of these cells. In this work, we optimized our previously developed xeno-free microcarrier-based system for the scalable expansion of human MSC isolated from bone marrow (BM MSC) and adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASC). By adapting the agitation/feeding protocol at the initial cell seeding/cultivation stage in spinner flasks, we were able to maximize cell expansion rate and final cell yield.

Scalable ex vivo expansion of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in microcarrier-based stirred culture systems.

The clinical demand for human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) drives the need for reproducible, cost-effective, and good manufacturing practices (GMP)-compliant ex vivo expansion protocols. Bioprocess engineering strategies, namely controlled stirred bioreactor systems combined with the use of xenogeneic(xeno)-free materials, provide proper tools to develop and optimize cell manufacturing for the rapid expansion of human MSC for cellular therapies. Herein we describe a microcarrier-based stirred culture system operating under xeno-free conditions using a controlled stirred-tank bioreactor for an efficient and controlled ex vivo expansion of human MSC.

Finite-frequency optical absorption in 1D conductors and mott-hubbard insulators.

The frequency-dependent conductivity is studied for the one-dimensional Hubbard model, using a selection rule, the Bethe ansatz, and symmetries associated with conservation laws. For densities where the system is metallic the absorption spectrum has two contributions, a Drude peak at omega = 0 separated by a pseudogap from a broad absorption band whose lower edge is characterized by a nonclassical critical exponent. Our findings shed new light on the "far infrared puzzle" and other optical properties of metallic organic chain compounds.

Avascular necrosis of bone after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: analysis of risk factors for 4388 patients by the Société Française de Greffe de Moëlle (SFGM).

Increasing numbers of patients are surviving after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and are therefore at risk for developing late complications. Among these complications, avascular necrosis of bone has been reported, but only two single-centre studies included sufficient patients to enable analysis of the risk factors for developing avascular necrosis. In this multicentre retrospective study the aim was to assess risk factors for this complication in a large number of patients.