Optical Control of TRPV1 Channels with Tethered Photopharmacology.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a nonselective cation channel that is important for nociception and inflammatory pain and is activated by a variety of nociceptive stimuli─including lipids such as capsaicin (CAP) and endocannabinoids. TRPV1's role in physiological systems is often studied by activating it with externally perfused ligands; however, this approach is plagued by poor spatiotemporal resolution. Lipid agonists are insoluble in physiological buffers and can permeate membranes to accumulate nonselectively inside cells, where they can have off-target effects.

Model-Based Explainable Deep Learning for Light-Field Microscopy Imaging.

In modern neuroscience, observing the dynamics of large populations of neurons is a critical step of understanding how networks of neurons process information. Light-field microscopy (LFM) has emerged as a type of scanless, high-speed, three-dimensional (3D) imaging tool, particularly attractive for this purpose. Imaging neuronal activity using LFM calls for the development of novel computational approaches that fully exploit domain knowledge embedded in physics and optics models, as well as enabling high interpretability and transparency.

3D Printability Assessment of Poly(octamethylene maleate (anhydride) citrate) and Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Copolymers for Biomedical Applications.

Herein, we present the first example of 3D printing with poly(octamethylene maleate (anhydride) citrate) (POMaC), a bio-adhesive material which has shown particular promise for implantable biomedical devices. The current methods to fabricate such devices made from POMaC are hindered by the imposed constraints of designing complex molds. We demonstrate the feasibility of exploiting additive manufacturing to 3D print structural functional materials consisting of POMaC.

Comparing synthetic refocusing to deconvolution for the extraction of neuronal calcium transients from light fields.

Light-field microscopy (LFM) enables fast, light-efficient, volumetric imaging of neuronal activity with calcium indicators. Calcium transients differ in temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) and spatial confinement when extracted from volumes reconstructed by different algorithms. We evaluated the capabilities and limitations of two light-field reconstruction algorithms for calcium fluorescence imaging.

Subcellular resolution three-dimensional light-field imaging with genetically encoded voltage indicators.

Light-field microscopy (LFM) enables high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and light efficient volume imaging at fast frame rates. Voltage imaging with genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) stands to particularly benefit from LFM's volumetric imaging capability due to high required sampling rates and limited probe brightness and functional sensitivity. We demonstrate subcellular resolution GEVI light-field imaging in acute mouse brain slices resolving dendritic voltage signals in three spatial dimensions.

3D Localization for Light-Field Microscopy via Convolutional Sparse Coding on Epipolar Images.

Light-field microscopy (LFM) is a type of all-optical imaging system that is able to capture 4D geometric information of light rays and can reconstruct a 3D model from a single snapshot. In this paper, we propose a new 3D localization approach to effectively detect 3D positions of neuronal cells from a single light-field image with high accuracy and outstanding robustness to light scattering. This is achieved by constructing a depth-aware dictionary and by combining it with convolutional sparse coding.

Dedicated Setup for the Photoconversion of Fluorescent Dyes for Functional Electron Microscopy.

Here, we describe a cost-effective setup for targeted photoconversion of fluorescent signals into electron dense ones. This approach has offered invaluable insights in the morphology and function of fine neuronal structures. The technique relies on the localized oxidation of diaminobenzidine (DAB) mediated by excited fluorophores.

Corrigendum: Single-Neuron Level One-Photon Voltage Imaging With Sparsely Targeted Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicators.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.

All-optical crosstalk-free manipulation and readout of Chronos-expressing neurons.

All optical neurophysiology allows manipulation and readout of neural network activity with single-cell spatial resolution and millisecond temporal resolution. Neurons can be made to express proteins that actuate transmembrane currents upon light absorption, enabling optical control of membrane potential and action potential signalling. In addition, neurons can be genetically or synthetically labelled with fluorescent reporters of changes in intracellular calcium concentration or membrane potential.

Single-Neuron Level One-Photon Voltage Imaging With Sparsely Targeted Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicators.

Voltage imaging of many neurons simultaneously at single-cell resolution is hampered by the difficulty of detecting small voltage signals from overlapping neuronal processes in neural tissue. Recent advances in genetically encoded voltage indicator (GEVI) imaging have shown single-cell resolution optical voltage recordings in intact tissue through imaging naturally sparse cell classes, sparse viral expression, soma restricted expression, advanced optical systems, or a combination of these. Widespread sparse and strong transgenic GEVI expression would enable straightforward optical access to a densely occurring cell type, such as cortical pyramidal cells.

Surface plasmon resonance imaging of excitable cells.

Surface plasmons (SPs) are surface charge density oscillations occuring at a metal/dieletric interface and are highly sensitive to refractive index variations adjacent to the surface. This sensitivity has been exploited successfully for chemical and biological assays. In these systems, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based sensor detects temporal variations in the refractive index at a point.