Healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with a newly confirmed diagnosis of lupus nephritis in the United States over a 5-year follow-up period.

Background: We aimed to describe healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and healthcare costs in patients with newly confirmed lupus nephritis (LN) in the United States over a 5-year follow-up period.

Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study (GSK Study 214102) utilized administrative claims data to identify individuals with a newly confirmed diagnosis of LN between August 01, 2011, and July 31, 2018, based on LN-specific International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes. Index was the date of first LN-related diagnosis code claim.

Real-world users of triple therapy for asthma in the US.

Objectives: For patients with asthma who remain symptomatic on a medium-dose inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2 agonist, addition of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist as a supplementary controller is a recommended option. However, real-world data on the characteristics and treatment patterns of these patients are limited. This study described the demographics and clinical characteristics of new users of single- or multiple-inhaler triple therapy and treatment patterns preceding triple-therapy initiation.

Health Care Costs With Sustained Oral Corticosteroid Use in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare health care costs, health care resource utilization, and adverse events associated with sustained oral corticosteroid (OCS) use versus no OCS use in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used claims data (January 1, 2006-July 31, 2019) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus aged ≥5 years with ≥24 months of continuous enrollment. Health care costs, health care resource utilization, and OCS-related adverse events were assessed.

Clinical and Economic Burden in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus During the First Year After Initiating Oral Corticosteroids: A Retrospective US Database Study.

Objective: To characterize health care resource utilization (HCRU), health care costs, and adverse events (AEs) among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) initiating oral corticosteroids (OCS) versus patients without OCS use.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study (GSK Study 213061), eligible patients (aged ≥5 years at first OCS claim) with SLE from the IQVIA Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims-US database (January 2006 to July 2019) had continuous enrollment during the 6-month preindex (baseline) and 12-month postindex (observation) periods and one or more inpatient or emergency department SLE diagnosis codes or two or more outpatient SLE diagnosis codes during baseline. The "OCS-initiator cohort" comprised patients with one or more OCS pharmacy claims during the study period and no evidence of preindex OCS use and was classified into three exposure categories based on the number of 6-month periods of more than 5 mg/day of OCS use (0, 1, 2).

Healthcare Resource Utilization and Associated Costs in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Diagnosed With Lupus Nephritis.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is among the most severe organ manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), affecting between 31% and 48% of patients, usually within five years of SLE diagnosis. SLE without LN is associated with a high economic burden on the healthcare system, and although data are limited, several studies have shown that SLE with LN could increase this burden.  Aim: We aimed to compare the economic burden of LN versus SLE without LN among patients managed in routine clinical practices in the USA and describe the clinical course of these patients.

Prolonged oral corticosteroid treatment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: An evaluation of 12-month economic and clinical burden.

Prolonged, high-dose corticosteroid treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with substantial health care costs, health care resource utilization (HCRU), and adverse events (AEs). To compare all-cause health care costs, HCRU, and oral corticosteroid (OCS)-related AEs among patients with prevalent OCS use and patients without OCS use. This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study (GSK study 214100) used claims data from the IQVIA Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims - US, IQVIA, Inc, database between January 1, 2006, and July 31, 2019, to identify patients with SLE.

Clinical and Economic Burden of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Years Preceding End-Stage Kidney Disease Diagnosis: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the clinical burden, healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) and healthcare costs for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the 12-60 months preceding an end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) diagnosis in the USA.

Methods: This retrospective observational study identified adult patients with SLE with newly diagnosed ESKD between 1 March 2012 and 31 December 2018 using administrative claims data. Clinical characteristics, mean all-cause HCRU (i.

The cost of flares among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without lupus nephritis in the United States.

Objective: Assess healthcare costs associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares among patients with and without lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used medical and pharmacy claims data from the United States-based Optum Clinformatics database to identify adults with SLE between 1 January 2016, and 31 December 2018. Index was the date of a patient's earliest SLE diagnosis claim during the identification period.

A 5-Year Retrospective, Observational Study Assessing Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Outcome Measures to Characterize Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Burden in the USA.

Introduction: We evaluated the use of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease measures in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a US community-based rheumatology physician network over 5 years.

Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort study (GSK Study 213818) of patients with SLE utilized electronic medical records (01 January 2010-31 December 2019) from the United Rheumatology Normalized Integrated Community Evidence database. The index was the date of first SLE diagnosis recorded in the database; the observation period was 5 years post-index.

Impact of adherence to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting β-agonists on asthma outcomes in the United States.

Background: Suboptimal adherence to maintenance medication has been associated with poor outcomes in asthma. This study examined single-inhaler inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) adherence and asthma-related outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective observational study of patients with asthma initiating ICS/LABA used data from IQVIA PharMetrics Plus (1 January 2014-31 March 2019).

Adherence and Persistence to Single-Inhaler Versus Multiple-Inhaler Triple Therapy for Asthma Management.

Background: Treatment guidelines recommend triple therapy for patients with asthma who remain uncontrolled on inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist therapy. Previously, triple therapy was only available via multiple inhalers. Single-inhaler fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) is approved as maintenance treatment for asthma; however, real-world information on adherence and persistence is limited.

Treatment Patterns and Disease Burden Associated with Multiple-Inhaler Triple-Therapy Use in Asthma.

Background: Addition of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist is recommended for patients with asthma uncontrolled on inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist therapy. This is the first large-scale, real-world study examining multiple-inhaler triple-therapy (MITT) use in asthma.

Objective: To describe real-world prevalence, outcomes, and treatment patterns associated with MITT.

Symptom control in patients with asthma using inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting β-agonists (fluticasone furoate/vilanterol or budesonide/formoterol) in the US: a retrospective matched cohort study.

Objective: Treatment with fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI), an inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist therapy, reduces the risk of severe asthma exacerbations and improves lung function and symptom control in patients with asthma. However, real-world data remain limited among asthma patients in the United States (US).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study propensity score (PS) matched adult asthma patients initiating once-daily FF/VI 100/25 mcg with patients initiating twice-daily budesonide/formoterol (B/F) 160/4.

Disease burden and treatment adherence among children and adolescent patients with asthma.

Objective: To assess asthma burden and medication adherence in a US de-identified patient level claims database.

Methods: This retrospective observational study used the IQVIA PHARMETRICS PLUS database to identify patients aged 5-17 years, diagnosed with asthma between 01/01/2012-09/30/2017 (asthma cohort), and those initiating treatment with twice-daily inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or twice-daily ICS/long-acting beta agonists (LABA) (treatment cohorts; index date = first dispensing). Patient characteristics, asthma medication, and healthcare resource utilization were assessed over a 12-month baseline period.

Characteristics of Treated Asthmatics Experiencing Exacerbations in a US Database: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Rationale: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) recommend a stepwise approach to asthma management, with the goals of maintaining asthma control and reducing exacerbations. Although asthma treatments reduce the frequency of exacerbations, they still occur. We aimed to characterize the treated United States of America (US) adult asthma population, including those experiencing exacerbations, in terms of socio-demographics, clinical characteristics, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU).

Real-world evidence: Patient views on asthma in respiratory specialist clinics in America.

Background: Approximately 30% to 50% of patients with moderate/severe asthma have inadequately controlled disease despite adherence to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β-agonist (LABA) therapy. Data on prevalence and burden of uncontrolled asthma in specialty settings are lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and burden of uncontrolled asthma in respiratory specialist clinics in the United States.

Adherence and usage patterns of inhaled corticosteroids-long-acting beta-agonists by using inhaler-monitoring technology.

Results of previous research indicate that adherence to prescribed inhaled corticosteroid-long-acting beta2-agonist (ICS-LABA) asthma controller medications is suboptimal, yet actual daily-use patterns are unclear and may be influenced by regimen complexity or dosing frequency. To investigate real-world use of asthma medications by using inhaler sensors for the ICS-LABA controllers: twice-daily fluticasone propionate (FP) plus salmeterol (SAL) and once-daily fluticasone furoate (FF) plus vilanterol (VI); and albuterol rescue medication. This longitudinal, two-phase, observational study included adults with asthma-prescribed FP-SAL (phase I) or FF-VI (phase II), and albuterol metered-dose inhalers.

Observational vignette study to examine patient and healthcare provider perceived impact of asthma-related exacerbations in the US.

Background: Little is known about how patients and healthcare providers (HCPs) perceive the impact of asthma-related exacerbations. This study examined the impact of asthma-related exacerbations on patients' lives from these different perspectives.

Methods: Web-based surveys were administered to a US sample of adult patients with asthma, and HCPs.

Characterizing Real-World Use Of Tiotropium In Asthma In The USA.

Background: Tiotropium bromide (TIO) is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist recommended as an add-on therapy option for patients with uncontrolled asthma on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β-agonists (LABA). However, real-world data on TIO use in asthma remains limited. To identify unmet needs, this study explored the use of TIO in US patients with asthma.

Medication adherence in patients with asthma using once-daily versus twice-daily ICS/LABAs.

Objective: This real-world observational study compared medication adherence and persistence among patients with asthma receiving the once-daily inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist (ICS/LABA) fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) versus the twice-daily ICS/LABAs budesonide/formoterol (B/F) and fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/SAL).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted using IQVIA Health Plan Claims Data included patients with asthma ≥18 years of age initiating ICS/LABA therapy with FF/VI, B/F, or FP/SAL between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2016 (index date). Patients had ≥12 months and ≥3 months of continuous eligibility pre- and post-index date, respectively.

Assessment of Adherence and Asthma Medication Ratio for a Once-Daily and Twice-Daily Inhaled Corticosteroid/Long-Acting β-Agonist for Asthma.

Background: Although efficacy and safety of fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) and budesonide/formoterol (BUD/F) have been demonstrated in clinical studies, real-world comparisons of utilization have not been performed.

Objective: To compare similar patients with asthma initiating FF/VI or BUD/F on measures of adherence, persistence, and the asthma medication ratio (AMR).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of commercial and Medicare Advantage with Part D enrollees initiating FF/VI or BUD/F for asthma.