The Performance of Ankle- and Waist-Based Accelerometry in Quantifying Physical Activity Intensity Among 6- to 24-Month-Year-Olds: A Semistructured Laboratory Study.

Objectives: We aim to quantify the performance of accelerometry in objectively measuring physical activity (PA) intensity among infants and toddlers.

Methods: Thirty-eight 6- to 24-month-olds participated in a 30-min, semistructured lab visit. Twenty-three (61%) children could walk independently.

The Esophageal Response to Distension on Functional Lumen Imaging Probe Panometry Is Minimally Changed by Conscious Sedation in Healthy Asymptomatic Subjects.

Background/aims: Functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) Panometry has demonstrated utility in the assessment of esophageal motility as a complement to existing methodologies like high-resolution manometry. However, as FLIP is typically performed with sedation during routine endoscopy, there is potential for impact of sedation agents on esophageal motility. We aim to examine the effects of conscious sedation with midazolam and fentanyl on FLIP Panometry metrics and classification.

Early Family Conflict and Behavioral Outcomes in Children from Low-Income Families: The Indirect Effects of Parental Depression and Parenting Practices.

Family conflict has been demonstrated as a risk factor impacting children's mental health and behaviors; however, the mechanisms underlying these connections are unclear. Focusing on 1622 children from low-income families (51.4% boys, 38.

Esophageal epithelial Ikkβ deletion promotes eosinophilic esophagitis in experimental allergy mouse model.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic T2-associated inflammatory disorder triggered by food allergens, resulting in esophageal dysfunction through edema, fibrosis, and tissue remodeling. The role of epithelial remodeling in EoE pathogenesis is critical but not fully understood.

Objective: We investigated the role of epithelial IKKβ/NF-κB signaling in EoE pathogenesis using a mouse model with conditional Ikkβ knockout in esophageal epithelial cells (Ikkβ).

A Software Framework for the Functional Lumen Imaging Probe-Mechanics (MechView).

Background: The functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) has proven to be a versatile device for diagnosing esophageal motility disorders and estimating esophageal wall compliance, but there is a lack of viable software for quantitative assessment of FLIP measurements.

Methods: A Python-based web framework was developed for a unified assessment of FLIP measurements including clinical metrics such as esophagogastric junction (EGJ) distensibility index (DI), maximum EGJ opening diameter, mechanics-based metrics for estimating strength, and effectiveness of contractions, such as contraction power and displaced volume, and machine learning-based clustering and predictive algorithms such as the virtual disease landscape (VDL) and EGJ obstruction probability. The clinical and VDL probability metrics were then validated using FLIP data from 121 subjects constituting different categories of EGJ opening which were diagnosed by expert clinicians.

Validating the Problematic Media Use Measure in Preschool-Aged Children: Associations With Children's Screen Media Use, Bothersome Pestering to Use Screen Media, and Emotional Self-Regulation.

Screen media use, and particularly mobile device use, is frequent among preschool-age children. Studies support that problematic media use (PMU) symptoms are present among older children (4-11-year-olds) and toddlers, and PMU correlates with child temperament and parenting around child media use. We examined the performance of a widely used PMU measure among a sample of 85 3-5-year-old children to document whether variation in PMU exists in this age group and whether this PMU measure specifically has face validity relative to expected correlates of PMU.

Endoscopic Sedation Type During FLIP Panometry Does Not Significantly Impact FLIP Motility Classification Relative to Manometry.

Background & Aims: Functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) panometry evaluates esophageal motility at the time of sedated endoscopy and often parallels high-resolution manometry (HRM) performed in awake patients. This study aimed to assess the impact of endoscopic sedation on FLIP evaluation of esophageal motility.

Methods: Adult patients who completed FLIP panometry during sedated endoscopy and had a conclusive Chicago Classification version 4.

Assessing the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on thirty days readmission rate based on patient's demographics, substance use, and insurance.

Providing the highest quality care with no biases is the goal of every healthcare system. As a part of that goal hospital readmission has been investigated due to its impact on healthcare cost and case fatality rate in patient outcome. Patient's demographics, substance use and insurance barriers have been investigated as factors for readmission rate but the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on those biases and barriers have not been studied extensively yet.

Model selection to achieve reproducible associations between resting state EEG features and autism.

A concern in the field of autism electroencephalography (EEG) biomarker discovery is their lack of reproducibility. In the present study, we considered the problem of learning reproducible associations between multiple features of resting state (RS) neural activity and autism, using EEG data collected during a RS paradigm from 36 to 96 month-old children diagnosed with autism (N = 224) and neurotypical children (N = 69). Specifically, EEG spectral power and functional connectivity features were used as inputs to a regularized generalized linear model trained to predict diagnostic group (autism versus neurotypical).

Four-Dimensional Impedance Manometry in Esophageal Motility Disorders.

Introduction: Four-dimensional high-resolution impedance manometry (4D HRM) uses impedance to estimate esophageal luminal cross-sectional area and track nadir impedance to measure intrabolus pressure (IBP). We aimed to determine whether 4D HRM metrics could define abnormal esophagogastric junction (EGJ) opening between Chicago Classification version 4.0 motility disorders and compare 4D HRM with functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) metrics.

Nitrous Oxide Use Precipitates Pulmonary Embolism: A Case Report.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) has a lengthy history of use as an anesthetic and has recently found popularity as a recreational euphoric hallucinogen. The odorless, colorless, non-flammable gas interferes with Vitamin B12 resulting in a cascade of effects, including hyperhomocysteinemia. It has long been proposed that hyperhomocysteinemia adversely affects the cardiovascular system, producing atherogenic and prothrombotic diseases.

Oxidative stress and food as medicine.

There has been a sea of change in our understanding of the contribution of food to both our well-being and disease states. When one addresses "food as medicine," the concept of oxidative stress needs to be included. This review interconnects the basic science findings of oxidative stress and redox balance with the medicinal use of food, emphasizing optimization of the redox balance.

Defining lower esophageal sphincter physiomechanical states among esophageal motility disorders using functional lumen imaging probe panometry.

Background: Functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) panometry assesses esophageal motility in response to controlled volumetric distension. This study aimed to describe the physiomechanical states of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in response to serial filling/emptying regimes for esophageal motility disorders.

Methods: Fourty-five patients with absent contractile response on FLIP and diagnoses of normal motility (n = 6), ineffective esophageal motility (IEM; n = 8), scleroderma (SSc; n = 10), or nonspastic achalasia (n = 21) were included, as were 20 patient controls with normal motility on FLIP and manometry.

Genetic associations with consumption of palatable foods in the absence of hunger in response to food cues in children.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate obesity-related genetic factors in relation to excess consumption and assess if food cues modify associations.

Methods: Children (9-12 years) completed a randomized crossover experiment. During two visits, children ate a preload and then snacks ad libitum while watching television, embedded with food or non-food advertisements to assess eating in the absence of hunger (EAH).

Consequences of gene editing of on thermotolerance, growth, and male reproduction in cattle.

Global warming is a major challenge to the sustainable and humane production of food because of the increased risk of livestock to heat stress. Here, the example of the prolactin receptor () gene is used to demonstrate how gene editing can increase the resistance of cattle to heat stress by the introduction of mutations conferring thermotolerance. Several cattle populations in South and Central America possess natural mutations in that result in affected animals having short hair and being thermotolerant.

Extensor Retinaculum Syndrome of the Ankle: An Adult Case Series.

Background: Extensor retinaculum syndrome (ERS) is a relatively rarely diagnosed compartment syndrome-like entity caused by elevated pressures in the tissues deep to the superior extensor retinaculum (SER). ERS is identified as out-of-proportion anterior ankle pain, pain with passive toe plantarflexion, elevated SER pressures (>40 mm Hg), and ultimately toe extension weakness and first web space numbness. Although previously described in a pediatric population, this case series is the first to our knowledge in an adult population.