Socioeconomic and gender inequalities in mental disorders among adolescents and young adults.

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) and gender play a key role in mental health. The objective of this study was to assess socioeconomic and gender mental health inequalities in adolescents and young adults using a population-based registry.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a lifetime follow-up study of all residents in the Basque Country between 1 and 30 years old (n=609,381) as of 31 December 2018.

Cost-utility analysis of the UPRIGHT intervention promoting resilience in adolescents.

Background: As mental health in adulthood is related to mental status during adolescence, school-based interventions have been proposed to improve resilience. The objective of this study was to build a simulation model representing the natural history of mental disorders in childhood, adolescence and youth to estimate the cost-effectiveness of the UPRIGHT school-based intervention in promoting resilience and mental health in adolescence.

Methods: We built a discrete event simulation model fed with real-world data (cumulative incidence disaggregated into eight clusters) from the Basque Health Service database (609,381 individuals) to calculate utilities (quality-adjusted life years [QALYs]) and costs for the general population in two scenarios (base case and intervention).

Incidence of mental disorders in the general population aged 1-30 years disaggregated by gender and socioeconomic status.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence and age of onset of mental disorders diagnosed by gender and socioeconomic status (SES) in children, adolescents, and young adults up to 30 years of age in the whole population of the Basque Country (Spain).

Methods: All mental health diagnoses documented in Basque Health Service records from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2018, were classified into eight clusters: anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorders, depression, psychosis/personality disorders, substance use, eating disorders, and self-harm. We calculated incidence and cumulative incidence for each cluster, disaggregated by gender, and socioeconomic status (SES).

Relevance of well-being, resilience, and health-related quality of life to mental health profiles of European adolescents: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the school-based multinational UPRIGHT project.

Purpose: The existing evidence suggests that a complete evaluation of mental health should incorporate both psychopathology and mental well-being indicators. However, few studies categorize European adolescents into subgroups based on such complete mental health data. This study used the data on mental well-being and symptoms of mental and behavioral disorders to explore the mental health profiles of adolescents in Europe.

Measuring Resilience Across Participating Regions in the UPRIGHT EU Horizon 2020 Project: Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Resilience Scale for Adolescents.

Resilience is the process and outcome of healthy adaptation despite significant adversity. Proliferation of research on the resilience construct has led to scientific concerns about the operationalization and measurement of resilience for assessment science and practice. Various studies that have investigated the psychometric properties and construct validity of the Resilience Scale for Adolescents (READ) have yielded inconsistent findings, which could partly be due to variations in the methodological approaches.

UPRIGHT, a resilience-based intervention to promote mental well-being in schools: study rationale and methodology for a European randomized controlled trial.

Background: Adolescence is crucial period for laying the foundations for healthy development and mental well-being. The increasing prevalence of mental disorders amongst adolescents makes promotion of mental well-being and prevention interventions at schools important. UPRIGHT (Universal Preventive Resilience Intervention Globally implemented in schools to improve and promote mental Health for Teenagers) is designed as a whole school approach (school community, students and families) to promote a culture of mental well-being and prevent mental disorders by enhancing resilience capacities.

Validation of the Spanish Version of the Work and Social Adjustment Scale in a Sample of Individuals With Bipolar Disorder.

The aim of the current study was to validate the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), a measure of psychosocial functional impairment, in Spanish-speaking individuals with bipolar disorder. A sample of 120 patients with bipolar disorder and 97 healthy individuals completed the WSAS to analyze its factor structure and reliability. Patients also completed measures of personal recovery and quality of life (QOL).

Longitudinal associations between resilience and quality of life in eating disorders.

Objective: This study examined the longitudinal reciprocal associations between resilience factors, quality of life (QoL) domains, and symptoms of eating disorders (EDs). Hypotheses included predictive paths from resilience factors of "acceptance of self and life" and "personal competence" to increased QoL and predictive paths from previous levels of QoL to resilience.

Method: A total of 184 patients with EDs (mean age = 29.

Psychometric characteristics of the Spanish version of the Barthel Index.

Background: The Barthel Index is one of the most employed questionnaires for the evaluation of functionality, but there is no information on its psychometric properties.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Spanish version of the Barthel Index.

Methods: The data employed in this paper were obtained from four Spanish cohorts of elderly people of 60 years or older.

The Resilience Questionnaire for Bipolar Disorder: Development and validation.

The goal of this research project was to develop a new questionnaire to assess resilience in Bipolar Disorder (BD), the Resilience Questionnaire for Bipolar Disorder (RBD). To examine its psychometric properties, a sample of 125 patients diagnosed with BD and a comparison sample of 107 people completed the new RBD and established measures of generic resilience and health-related outcomes. Exploratory factor analysis for the RBD yielded a 23-item 5-factor solution, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated adequate fit indices.

Factors related to a decline in upper extremity function among patients with a wrist fracture due to a fall.

Aims: The aim of this study was to identify factors related to a decline in function following a wrist fracture.

Methods: Observational, prospective cohort study done in five public hospitals of the Basque Health Service. We recruited adults aged 65 or older with a wrist fracture due to a fall who attended the emergency department (ED) of one of these hospitals.

Wrist fractures and their impact in daily living functionality on elderly people: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Wrist fractures are the most common arm fractures in older adults. The impact of wrist fractures on daily functionality has been less studied than that of other types and so, less is known about the complexity of factors related to the functional impact of these fractures. This study is aimed to assess the role of individual and health care factors and its association with daily living functional changes after a wrist fracture.

Resilience in eating disorders: A qualitative study.

The objectives of the authors in this study were two-fold: (1) to explore the role of resilience in recovery from eating disorders (EDs), and (2) to develop a model of resilience in women with EDs. Semi-structured interviews with ten women were conducted in April 2011, along with two focus groups with women who had recovered from EDs (n  = 5 women each; conducted in April 2012 at the University of Deusto, Spain), one focus group with clinical experts (n = 8; conducted in April 2012 at the Foundation Against EDs of Biskay, Spain), and six narratives from primary caregivers of ED patients living in Biskay, Spain (conducted in November 2012). All data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach.

Individualised Versus Standardised Assessment of Quality of Life in Eating Disorders.

Individualised measures of quality of life (QoL) refer to instruments that encourage the respondent to actively elicit which areas of their life are most relevant for his/her QoL. The aim of this study is to compare individualised versus standard measures of QoL in a sample of patients with eating disorder (ED). The Schedule for the Evaluation of the Individual Quality of Life (SEIQoL) and a generic measure of QoL [World Health Organization Brief Quality of Life Assessment Scale (WHOQOL-BREF)] were applied on two occasions (one-year follow-up) to a sample of 165 patients with ED, 57 recovered patients with ED, and 349 women from the general population.

Resilience in family caregivers of persons with acquired brain injury.

Purpose/objective: The authors' purpose was to develop the Questionnaire of Resilience in Caregivers of Acquired Brain Injury (QRC-ABI) and explore its psychometric properties The QRC-ABI was developed to measure the process of resilience, including resilient factors that, according to the literature, are the most relevant for caregivers.

Research Method/design: This is a cross-sectional study of Spanish primary caregivers of individuals with ABI. It included 237 caregivers (77.

Problematic Internet use and problematic alcohol use from the cognitive-behavioral model: a longitudinal study among adolescents.

Problematic Internet use (PIU) and problematic alcohol use are two pervasive problems during adolescence that share similar characteristics and predictors. The first objective of this study was to analyze the temporal and reciprocal relationships among the main components of PIU from the cognitive-behavioral model (preference for online social interaction, mood regulation through the Internet, deficient self-regulation, and negative consequences). The second objective was to examine the temporal and reciprocal relationships between PIU components and problematic alcohol use.

Resilience Scale-25 Spanish version: validation and assessment in eating disorders.

Objectives: To validate into Spanish the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale - 25 (RS-25), assess and compare the scores on the scale among women from the general population, eating disorder (ED) patients and recovered ED patients.

Method: This is a cross-sectional study. ED participants were invited to participate by their respective therapists.

Positive aspects of caregiving in Spanish caregivers of individuals with acquired brain injury.

Objective: Taking care of a person with acquired brain injury (ABI) is often associated with symptoms of stress and psychological distress. However, caregiving can also be a source of satisfaction and can contribute toward an improvement in the quality of life both of the caregiver and the person with ABI. The aim of this study is to assess and adapt the Positive Aspects of Caregiving Scale (PACS) to Spanish.

Eating disorders: predictors of change in the quality of life of caregivers.

Eating disorders (EDs) have a strong impact on the quality of life (QoL) of caregivers. This study explores the longitudinal changes in the QoL of ED caregivers at 1 (T1; n=109) and 2 years (T2; n=32) follow-up, and identifies predictors of improvement at 1-year follow-up. ED outpatients also completed a battery of tests at T1 (n=69) and T2 (n=11).

Applying a coping with stress questionnaire for cancer patients to patients with non-cancer chronic illnesses.

One of the few instruments to evaluate coping skills among patients with chronic illnesses is the Cuestionario de Afrontamiento al Estrés para Pacientes Oncológicos (CAEPO), created initially for cancer patients. We evaluate how well CAEPO applies to patients with non-cancer chronic illnesses. A total of 344 patients (115 with chronic hepatitis C, 120 with inflammatory bowel disease and 109 with recurrent vertigo) completed the CAEPO.

Impact of clinical and patient-reported outcomes on patient satisfaction with cataract extraction.

Background: To date, factors that influence satisfaction with cataract surgery have not been broadly explored.

Objective: To identify variables related to patient satisfaction after cataract extraction by phacoemulsification and to determine the relationship between satisfaction and visual acuity (VA) and visual function (VF).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Quality of life and motivation to change in eating disorders. Perception patient-psychiatrist.

Purpose: To assess motivation to change (Mch) of patients with an eating disorder (ED) and its relationship with quality-of-life (QoL) by comparing patient and psychiatrist perceptions.

Method: Patients (n=358) with an ED completed the disease-specific Health-Related Quality of Life for Eating Disorders (HeRQoLED) questionnaire, the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) at baseline; 273 completed them after 1 year of treatment. The relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the Mch stage was assessed using analysis of variance.

Validation of a proposed WOMAC short form for patients with hip osteoarthritis.

Background: The aims of this study were to propose a Spanish Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) short form based on previously shortened versions and to study its validity, reliability, and responsiveness for patients with hip osteoarthritis undergoing total hip replacement (THR).

Methods: Prospective observational study of two independent cohorts (788 and 445 patients, respectively). Patients completed the WOMAC and the Short Form (SF)-36 questionnaires before THR and 6 months afterward.

Use of the patient acceptable symptom state and the minimal clinically important difference to evaluate the outcomes of cataract extraction.

Purpose: To determine the minimal clinically important difference and the patient acceptable symptom state for visual acuity and visual function, 2 key visual outcomes for patients undergoing cataract extraction, as an aid for evaluating the outcome of cataract extraction.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Multicenter study of 17 hospitals.