Interventions to facilitate shared decision-making using decision aids with patients in Primary Health Care: A systematic review.

Background: Shared decision making (SDM) is a process within the physician-patient relationship applicable to any clinical action, whether diagnostic, therapeutic, or preventive in nature. It has been defined as a process of mutual respect and participation between the doctor and the patient. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of decision aids (DA) in primary care based on changes in adherence to treatments, knowledge, and awareness of the disease, conflict with decisions, and patients' and health professionals' satisfaction with the intervention.

Nursing Care Ethical Implications Regarding Chronic Patients at Hospital Discharge.

Mortality rates among pluripathological patients are significantly higher in the hospital setting, with advanced age and dependence on certain vital functions the main clinical aspects. Other features involved in the care, such as the loss of autonomy and social problems, have important ethical implications. The aim of this article is to analyze the health problems and the functional and social situation of chronic patients after hospital admission in order to determine their care needs and the ethical implications these might have.

[Equity and patient autonomy in the care strategies for patients with chronic disease of health services in Spain].

Objective: To examine the chronic care models of the different Spanish health services and to discuss the ethical questions derived from implementing some of their components.

Method: Narrative review of care strategies and programmes for chronic patients in the different Autonomous Communities, searching in official health departments' web pages, using the terms "Programmes", "Strategies", "Chronic patients", and "Chronicity".

Results: 15 programmes were found.