Comparative Evaluation of Supplementary Cleaning Techniques for Removal of Bio-C Sealer and AH-Plus from Oval Root Canals: A Micro-CT Analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two endodontic cleaning techniques, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and the XP-endo Finisher R (XPR) system, in removing residual filling material during endodontic retreatment procedures.

Materials And Methods: Forty mandibular premolars with oval canals were divided into four groups based on the sealer used (AH-Plus or Bio-C Sealer) and the cleaning technique employed (PUI or XPR). To ensure uniformity of canal volume among groups, initial micro-CT scans were conducted.

Cytocompatibility and Antibiofilm Activity of Calcium Hydroxide Mixed with Essential Oil and Bio-C Temp Bioceramic Intracanal Medicament.

Calcium hydroxide represents the most commonly used intracanal dressing between sessions; however, it may not be effective against all types of microorganisms. Several compounds of plant origin have attracted increasing attention from researchers in recent years. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide associated with the essential oil of and the new bioceramic intracanal medicament Bio-C Temp.

Debridement ability of the WaveOne Gold and TruNatomy systems in the apical third of root canals: ex vivo assessment.

Cleaning and shaping the root canal system are essential steps for performing successful endodontic therapy, and are challenging procedures in the apical region. This study aimed to conduct an ex vivo assessment of the debridement ability of the WaveOne Gold (Medium 35/.06) and TruNatomy (Medium 36/.

Evaluation of pulp tissue dissolution capacity through different sodium hypochlorite agitation protocols.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the dissolving capacity of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite using eight agitation protocols within swine pulp tissue.

Subjects And Methods: Twelve lower first premolars were prepared and split into the fragments with a groove housing porcine dental pulp.

In vitro study of structural and chemical changes in two reciprocating files after multiple reuses and sterilisation.

To use scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to evaluate the metallurgical-chemical changes of WaveOne Gold (WOG) and R-Motion (RM), after multiple uses. The instruments were divided into groups (n = 8): WOG and RM-control groups, new instruments; WOG1 and RM1; WOG2 and RM2; WOG3 and RM3 after instrumentation of 1, 2 or 3 molars, respectively. Burrs occurred mainly in the control group and after the first use.

Evaluation of the Ability of 3 Reciprocating Instruments to Remove Obturation Material: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the Reciproc, Reciproc Blue, and WaveOne Gold systems to remove filling material during endodontic retreatment of extracted human mandibular premolars.

Methods: Thirty-nine teeth were instrumented with the Protaper Universal System to the F3 file and filled with the Tagger hybrid technique using an F3 gutta-percha cone and AH Plus cement. At the end of this period, the teeth were scanned with micro-computed tomography before and after removal of the filling material from the root canals.

Effect of obturation technique on dentinal tubule penetration of two tricalcium silicate-based sealers: Ex vivo study.

The aim of this study was to assess by confocal laser microscope the depth of dentinal tubule penetration of two tricalcium silicate-based sealers promoted by two obturation techniques in curved canals compared with AHPlus. One hundred and twenty canals were divided into six groups (n = 20): BCSC-Bio-C Sealer (BC) and single-cone technique (SC); BCCW-BC and continuous condensation wave (CW); TFSC-Total Fill (TF) and SC; TFCW-TF and CW; AHSC-AH Plus (AH) and SC; AHCW-AH and CW. Data were analysed using the three-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 5%).

Evaluation of the apical sealing of an eggshell hydroxyapatite-based sealer.

Background: The success of endodontic treatment can be influenced by the type of endodontic sealer used, as certain sealers may be prone to apical microleakage, leading to treatment failure. The limitations of currently available sealers necessitate the development of new materials to improve the success rate of endodontic treatment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the apical microleakage of newly developed hydroxyapatite-based endodontic sealers, including one derived from eggshells, and compare them with other commercially available sealers.

Analysis of antimicrobial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and ozonated water against biofilm in oval canals.

This in vitro study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 8 µg/mL ozonated water agitated by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) or PUI combined with EndoActivator (EA) against mature multispecies biofilm. One hundred and five oval-shaped mandibular premolars were instrumented, sterilized, and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus, divided into: control group - saline; O3 group - ozonated water; O3 PUI group - ozonated water with PUI agitation; O3 PUI+EA group - ozonated water with PUI+EA agitation; NaOCl group - NaOCl; NaOCl PUI group - NaOCl with PUI agitation; and NaOCl PUI+EA group - NaOCl with PUI+EA agitation.

Pulp-Dentin Complex Regeneration with Cell Transplantation Technique Using Stem Cells Derived from Human Deciduous Teeth: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study in Immunosuppressed Rats.

The aim of this study was to histologically verify the performance of pulp-derived stem cells used in the pulp-dentin complex regeneration. Maxillary molars of 12 immunosuppressed rats were divided into two groups: the SC (stem cells) group, and the PBS (just standard phosphate-buffered saline) group. After pulpectomy and canal preparation, the teeth received the designated materials, and the cavities were sealed.

Ex Vivo Evaluation of the Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Eliminating Enterococcus faecalis from Dentinal Tubules by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate ex vivo by confocal laser scanning microscopy the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on dentinal tubules in the apical 5 mm of human mandibular premolars contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis.

Methods: Thirty-four teeth were standardized to 20 mm and foraminal anatomic diameters using a #20 K-file (Dentsply Maillefer). Samples were contaminated for 21 days and divided into the following 3 experimental groups (n = 10): the PDT group (instrumented canals and PDT), the passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) group (instrumented canals and PUI), and the PUI-PDT group (instrumented canals, PUI, and PDT), along with a control group (n = 4) (noninstrumented canals).

Micro- CT evaluation of sealers removal by reciprocal instrumentation followed by continuous ultrasonic irrigation in teeth with oval root canals.

Background: The ability of the Reciproc system (R40) followed by continuous ultrasonic irrigation (CUI) to remove filling material from oval root canals of mandibular premolars filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus or Bio-C Sealer was evaluated by microtomography (micro-CT).

Material And Methods: The straight and oval root canals of 42 mandibular premolars were prepared with the ProDesign R 35.05 reciprocal file and randomly divided into two groups according to the material used to fill the canals (n=21): Group AH - Master Cone and AH Plus; Group BC - Master Cone and Bio-C Sealer.

Effect of cone-beam computed tomography metal artefact reduction on incomplete subtle vertical root fractures.

Purpose: This study compared the accuracy of detection of incomplete vertical root fractures (VRFs) in filled and unfilled teeth on cone-beam computed tomography images with and without a metal artefact reduction (MAR) algorithm.

Materials And Methods: Forty single-rooted maxillary premolars were selected and, after endodontic instrumentation, were categorized as unfilled teeth without fractures, filled teeth without fractures, unfilled teeth with fractures, or filled teeth with fractures. Each VRF was artificially created and confirmed by operative microscopy.

Comparative analysis of torsional and cyclic fatigue resistance of ProGlider, WaveOne Gold Glider, and TruNatomy Glider in simulated curved canal.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the torsional and cyclic fatigue resistance of ProGlider (PG), WaveOne Gold Glider (WGG), and TruNatomy Glider (TNG).

Materials And Methods: A total of 15 instruments of each glide path system ( = 15) were used for each test. A custom-made device simulating an angle of 90° and a radius of 5 millimeters was used to assess cyclic fatigue resistance, with calculation of number of cycles to failure.

Evaluation of Bacterial Leakage and Coronal Sealing Capacity of Six Materials in Endodontically Treated Teeth.

Introduction: Successful endodontic treatment requires an effective coronal sealing to prevent the penetration of saliva and microorganisms into the root canal system. We aimed to investigate the sealing capacity of Maxxion R, Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate-like material (Biodentine), White Cimpat, Flow Resin and Z250 Resin against () infiltrates, when used as coronal sealants after endodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-six roots of adult lower premolars were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups with 10 roots each (=10), and two control groups (positive and negative) with three roots each.

Microtomographic Assessment of the Shaping Ability of the Hyflex CM and XP-endo Shaper Systems in Curved Root Canals.

Objective:  This study compared the shaping ability of the Hyflex CM and XP-endo Shaper rotary file systems in curved mesial canals of mandibular molars using micro-computed tomography.

Material And Methods:  Seventeen mesial roots of extracted first mandibular molars with two independent mesial canals were scanned before and after root canal preparation with the tested rotatory file systems. Each mesial canal from the same specimen was prepared with one of the two systems.

Influence of Heat Treatment of Nickel-Titanium Instruments on Cyclic Fatigue Resistance in Simulated Curved Canals.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue of heat-treated and non-treated instruments.

Materials And Methods:  Twenty instruments with and without heat treatment from Bassi Logic were evaluated ( = 10). All instruments were subjected to dynamic cyclic fatigue through continuous rotations inside a stainless-steel tube (1.

Effect of different activation methods on the intratubular penetration of CaOH paste: Ex-vivo analysis by confocal laser scanning microscopy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the maximum penetration depth (MPD) and penetration area (PA) of CaOH paste agitated by different methods and to measure the pH after performing these methods. Fifty-five mandibular premolars were divided into control, GL and 4 experimental groups, GEC, GXP, GEDDY and GI (n = 11), where the paste was agitated with Easy Clean, XP-endo Finisher, EDDY and Irrisonic, respectively. The canals were instrumented and irrigated with NaOCl.

Impact of Sodium Hypochlorite on Organic Tissue Dissolution in the Periapical Region of Immature Permanent Teeth: An Ex Vivo Study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation protocols on organic tissue dissolution in the periapical region of simulated immature permanent teeth.

Methods: Eight single-rooted premolars and 48 samples of porcine palatal mucosa were used. Acrylic resin prototypes were constructed, placing the tissue in close contact with the dental apices.

Influence of apical preparation size and final irrigation protocol on the debridement of oval root canals.

This study assessed the influence of apical preparation size and final irrigation protocol on the debridement of the apical third of oval root canals of mandibular molars. Seventy-seven distal roots were divided into 7 groups (n = 11): Control: without instrumentation or irrigation; Group 30CI: ProTaper Next (up to size 30; PTN) + conventional irrigation (CI); Group 30UAI: PTN + ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI); Group 30XPF: PTN + XP-endo Finisher (XPF); Group 40CI: PTN + ProDesign Logic (up to size 40; PDL) + CI; Group 40UAI: PTN + PDL + UAI; and Group 40XPF: PTN + PDL + XPF. The total volume of irrigating solutions used per root canal in all the experimental groups was 33 mL of 2.

Microtomographic Evaluation of Canal Centralization and Dentine Removal after Canal Preparation with Two Rotary Systems: HyFlex EDM and ProTaper Next.

Objective:  This study compared the ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Sirona, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States) and HyFlex EDM (HEDM; Coltene/Whaledent AG, Alstätten, Switzerland) systems using micro-computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods:  Twenty-one mesial roots classified as Vertucci's type IV from extracted mandibular first molars with curvatures between 20 and 40 degrees were selected. The teeth were scanned using a micro-CT before and after root canal preparation by both systems, applied to the same root, in alternating canals.

Fracture incidence of Reciproc instruments during root canal retreatment performed by postgraduate students: a cross-sectional retrospective clinical study.

Objectives: To evaluate the fracture incidence of Reciproc R25 instruments (VDW) used during non-surgical root canal retreatments performed by students in a postgraduate endodontic program.

Materials And Methods: From the analysis of clinical record cards and periapical radiographs of root canal retreatments performed by postgraduate students using the Reciproc R25, a total of 1,016 teeth (2,544 root canals) were selected. The instruments were discarded after a single use.

Effect of immersion in sodium hypochlorite on the cyclic fatigue resistance of three rotary instruments.

Context: It is essential to know if the immersion in sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) influences the cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titaniumm (NiTi) files.

Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate the resistance to the cyclic fatigue of three NiTi systems, as well as the influence of 5.25% NaOCl on their resistance.

Effect of Foraminal Enlargement on Postoperative Pain in Necrotic Single-Rooted Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate pain perception, pain medication intake, and sealer extrusion after single-visit root canal treatment of asymptomatic teeth with or without foraminal enlargement. The correlation between sealer extrusion and pain was also investigated.

Methods: One hundred forty necrotic, single-rooted teeth were divided into 2 groups (n = 70): foraminal patency (FP), in which treatment was performed up to 1 mm short of the apex, and foraminal enlargement (FE), in which treatment was performed up to the apex.