Post-COVID-19 inflammation and sarcopenia in obese diabetic dialysis patients.

Introduction: Diabetes, obesity, and CKD collectively impact musculoskeletal health and increase the risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 32 dialysis patients, categorized based on their COVID-19 status. Laboratory assessments included inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α).

Occurrence and bioaccessible fractions of mycotoxins in infant formulas, fruit puree and cereal baby foods: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mycotoxins, toxic fungal secondary metabolites, pose significant health risks due to their widespread presence in foodstuffs, particularly impacting children through contaminated infant foods. Regulatory assessments often overlook the unique physiological vulnerabilities of children. This study systematically reviews and meta-analyzes mycotoxin bioaccessibility in infant food products.

Co-Occurrence of Mycotoxins in the Diet and in the Milk of Dairy Cows from the Southeast Region of Brazil.

Mycotoxins are toxic fungi secondary metabolites that develop on feedstuffs and can be transferred into milk, thus representing a public health risk. The objective of this study was to assess the co-occurrence of mycotoxins in the diet and in the milk of dairy cows from the southeast region of Brazil. Samples of total mixed ration (TMR, = 70) and milk ( = 70) were collected in dairy farms and subjected to multi-mycotoxin analysis using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.

Evaluation of Ability of Inactivated Biomasses of and to Adsorb Aflatoxin B In Vitro.

Biological decontamination strategies using microorganisms to adsorb aflatoxins have shown promising results for reducing the dietary exposure to these contaminants. In this study, the ability of inactivated biomasses of (LRB) and (SCB) incorporated alone or in combination into functional yogurts (FY) at 0.5-4.

Unraveling the metabolomic profile and acute toxicity of ethanolic extract from Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. root bark.

Mimosa tenuiflora (Fabaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as "Jurema preta". From the bark of its root, "jurema wine" is obtained, a psychedelic drink used in Indigenous religious rituals in Northeastern Brazil. This work aimed to investigate the chemical composition and acute oral toxicity of the ethanolic extract of the root bark from M.

Physiological and Technological Properties of Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Encapsulated with Alginate-Chitosan Mixture and Its Incorporation in Whole Milk.

This study developed and evaluated chitosan-sodium alginate capsules containing the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG using extrusion and emulsification techniques. The encapsulated L. rhamnosus GG cells were also evaluated for technological and probiotic-related physiological functionalities, as well as when incorporated in UHT and powdered milk.

Association of adverse childhood experiences and overweight or obesity in adolescents: A systematic review and network analysis.

This systematic review with meta-analysis assessed the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) linked to overweight or obesity in adolescents. Twenty-eight studies (cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort) were included, which described individuals with a history of ACE or adverse family experiences, such as physical, emotional, or psychological abuses; neglect; exposure to domestic violence or peer violence; and sexual abuse. Body mass index (BMI) or BMI z score was used by the study to define adolescents with overweight or obesity.

IL18 rs360717 and rs187238 genetic variants are associated with migraine diagnosis.

Background: Migraine is a genetically determined disorder that predisposes to recurrent episodes of headache. Interleukin (IL)-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that seems to play a role in migraine pathophysiology, and its genetic variants could potentially impact susceptibility to migraine.

Objective: To investigate the association between IL18 rs360717 and rs187238 genetic variants with migraine diagnosis and its clinical characteristics.

Single-Base Gene Variants in and Genes Related to the Epileptogenic Process in Drug-Responsive and Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy-A Preliminary Study in a Brazilian Cohort Sample.

The drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has recently been associated with single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in microRNA(miR)-146a () (rs2910164) and Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 1 () (rs2298771 and rs3812718) genes. Moreover, no studies have shown an association between these SNVs and susceptibility to drug-resistant and drug-responsive TLE in Brazil. Thus, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples from 120 patients with TLE (55 drug-responsive and 65 drug-resistant) were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

The latency to awake from induced-obstructive sleep apnea is reduced in rats with chronic epilepsy.

OSA is known to increase the risk for SUDEP in persons with epilepsy, but the relationship between these two factors is not clear. Also, there is no study showing the acute responses to obstructive apnea in a chronic epilepsy model. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize cardiorespiratory responses to obstructive apnea and chemoreceptor stimulation in rats.

Cranial and postcranial anatomy of a juvenile baurusuchid (Notosuchia, Crocodylomorpha) and the taxonomical implications of ontogeny.

Baurusuchidae comprises a clade of top-tier terrestrial predators and are among the most abundant crocodyliforms found in the Adamantina Formation, Bauru Basin, Brazil (Campanian-Maastrichtian). Here, we provide a detailed description of the cranial and postcranial osteology and myology of the most complete juvenile baurusuchid found to date. Although the preservation of juvenile individuals is somewhat rare, previously reported occurrences of baurusuchid egg clutches, a yearling individual, and larger, but skeletally immature specimens, comprise a unique opportunity to track anatomical changes throughout their ontogenetic series.

Supercritical fluid technology as a sustainable alternative method for textile dyeing: An approach on waste, energy, and CO emission reduction.

The clothing industry is considered one of the most polluting industries on the planet due to the high consumption of water, energy, chemicals/dyes, and high generation of solid waste and effluents. Faced with environmental concerns, the textile ennoblement sector is the most critical of the textile production chain, especially the traditional dyeing processes. As an alternative to current problems, dyeing with supercritical CO (scCO) has been presented as a clean and efficient process for a sustainable textile future.

Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Foods: Unraveling the Knowledge Gaps on Their Persistence in Food Production Systems.

In this review, the intricate issue about the occurrence levels of mycotoxins in foods is discussed aiming to underline the main knowledge gaps on the persistence of these toxicants in the food production system. Mycotoxins have been a key challenge to the food industry, economic growth, and consumers' health. Despite a breadth of studies over the past decades, the persistence of mycotoxins in foods remain an overlooked concern that urges exploration.

Bioaccessibility data of potentially toxic elements in complementary foods for infants: A review.

The introduction of complementary foods (CFs) is a critical step in an infant's transition to solid foods, providing essential nutrients beyond breast milk. However, CFs may contain potentially toxic elements (PTEs), such as arsenic and cadmium that pose health risks to infants. In this context, understanding the bioaccessibility of PTEs is vital as it determines the fraction of a contaminant released from the food matrix and available for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

Analyzing a national health surveillance strategy to reduce mother-to-child transmission of syphilis: The case of Brazilian investigation committees.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relevance of investigation committees in eliminating mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Brazil.

Methods: Questionnaires and interviews were conducted with health managers of 25 Brazilian Federative Units and Brazil's Federal District. Data were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis technique and subsequently compared with the global prescriptions for syphilis response of the Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization, and recent research publications examining the course of syphilis in Brazil, in Brazilian regions, and globally.

Thermal, Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Multifunctional Composites Based on Biodegradable Polymers/Bentonite Clay: A Review.

The extensive use of non-biodegradable plastic products has resulted in significant environmental problems caused by their accumulation in landfills and their proliferation into water bodies. Biodegradable polymers offer a potential solution to mitigate these issues through the utilization of renewable resources which are abundantly available and biodegradable, making them environmentally friendly. However, biodegradable polymers face challenges such as relatively low mechanical strength and thermal resistance, relatively inferior gas barrier properties, low processability, and economic viability.

Interferon-gamma plasma levels and presence of mouse mammary tumor virus-like env gene: Implications on the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a retrovirus that has been associated with the development of breast cancer (BC) in mice. The identification of a 95% homologous gene sequence to MMTV in human BC samples has increased interest in this hypothesis. This virus in humans received the name of mouse mammary tumor virus-like (MMTV-like).

Salinity and Mulching Effects on Nutrition and Production of Grafted Sour Passion Fruit.

The Brazilian semiarid region stands out in terms of sour passion fruit production. Local climatic conditions (high air temperature and low rainfall), combined with its soil properties (rich in soluble salts), increase salinity effects on plants. This study was carried out in the experimental area "Macaquinhos" in Remígio-Paraíba (Brazil).

Fibrous microplastics released from textiles: Occurrence, fate, and remediation strategies.

Microplastics (MP), i.e., particles measuring less than 5 mm in size, are considered emerging pollutants.

Effects of incubation temperature on development, morphology, and thermal physiology of the emerging Neotropical lizard model organism Tropidurus torquatus.

Incubation temperature is among the main phenotypic trait variation drivers studied since the developmental trajectory of oviparous animals is directly affected by environmental conditions. In the last decades, global warming predictions have aroused interest in understanding its impacts on biodiversity. It is predicted that the effects of direct warming will be exacerbated by other anthropogenic factors, such as microclimatic edge effects.

Is the standardized phase angle a predictor of short- and long-term adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction? A cohort study.

Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is myocardial necrosis resulting from myocardial ischemia, and its risk factors are usually a combination of the consumption of tobacco, inadequate diet, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle, in addition to preexisting comorbidities. These risk factors may compromise cellular integrity, affecting physiologic and nutritional components. The phase angle (PhA) has been measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to identify the quality of the cell membrane and the distribution of body fluids.